The Islamic World Flashcards
desert nomads/ herders
Bedouins
title of the Bedouins leader
sheikh
founder of Islamic faith
Muhammed
Known as the last prophet god spoke to
Muhammed
2nd world religion- 1.5 billion
Islam
angel that came to speak to Muhammed
Jibreel
felt Muhammed was threatening their livelihood. Ran him out of town
Business Men Object
one true god of Islam
Allah
open yourself, or give yourself to Allah
submit to Allah
Muhammed flees to this city
Medina; Yathrib; city of the prophet.
holy journey
pilgrammage
Hegira means (630 A.D.)
Flight
Muhammed’s return to Mecca, wages war, takes control of the city. (630 A.D.).
Return to Mecca
contains sacred texts, hymns, holy book , and law book
Qur’an (koran)
name of the religion founded by Muhammed
Islam
follower; believer of the Faith
Muslim
holy shrine of the Islamic world; singular black onix
Kaaba
To defend the faith
Fight those who do not believe in allah till the last day.
Jihad
If die in battle (holy war)
Salvation; guaranteed.
- Profession of the Faith; individual must acknowledge Allah as one true god, and Muhammed as the prophet.
- pray 5 times a day, always facing Mecca.
- Obligated to pay zakat.= tax going to charity
- Asked to fast during Ramadan- holy month
- At least one time in their lifetime they will pilgrimage to Mecca.
The five Pillars of Islam
The founder of the _____ religion on the Arabian Peninsula changed and united the Arab World.
Islam
Arab Nomads called ______ herded sheep and camels because they could not grow crops in desert
bedouins
Muhammed and his followers settled in the town of Yathrib in 622 AD and the journey from mecca to this city is known as _____
Hijrah
the merchant rulers in Mecca did not like Muhammed’s teaching for they feared that pilgrims would stop coming to Mecca to worship at the _____, a stone building filled with idols
Kaaba
in order to remind Muslims of the importance of self discipline, dependence on the creator and the feelings of the poor, many believers fast during the holy month of ______
Ramadan
The buildings where Muslims worship are called ____, and have no furnishings or images of people.
mosques
the _____ or the “struggle to defend the faith” is very important to Muslims
Jihad
the holy book of Islam, called the ______, is believed to be the word of God, and includes all rules and instructions for right living.
Qur’an
Muslims called Christians and Jews “_____”
People of the Book
In 711 AD, a powerful Muslim force invaded _____ and thus brought Islam to ______
Spain
Europe
Muslim troops tried to conquer ______ but their attempt failed when _______ defended the city.
Constantinople
Byzantine armies
Even though Caliphs exercised great authority, the people could not agree about who _____
should be Caliph
As Muslim empire began to spread, a North African people called the ______ converted
berbers
Muslims who made their home in Spain were called _____
Moors.
Muslims throughout the Empire lived according to the _____. It guided both ______ and ________
Qur’an
Religious life
Daily life
the ____ was at the core of Muslim daily life.
Family
Mosques, palaces, marketplaces, and libraries were designed to show the glory of ______
Islam.
______ were designed to house thousands of followers who gathered to worship. The man part of the mosque was a vast area for _____.
Mosques
prayer
Muslims who made Spain their home.
Moors
Christian victory saved Christianity for Europe.
Moors raided France and lost to the Franks.
Battle of Tours
ruled the Turks, claims to serve the Caliph
Sultan.
allowed observers to chart the positions of the stars and calculate their own position.
astrolabe
tower attached to the side of the mosque.
minaret
what influence does the Qur’an have on daily life of a Muslim.
it guided both their religious and daily life. Gave instructions on how to live.
Major difference in the Sunnis and Shi’ites
finding the successor to Muhammed
The Sunnis believe……
success should be held accountable; successor should be elected.
the Shi’ites believe (radicals)
descendant of Muhammed should be the successor.
A successor to the prophet
both the religious and political civil leader.
Caliph
Islam merchants traded from
Europe, Asia, and Africa.
Prosperity due to
trade and commerce
property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage.
dowry
right Hand means
salvation
left hand means
condemnation
pay for your forgiveness
blood money
Economic prosperity of Islamic empire due to
Trade and Commerce
Women in Islamic world had right to
divorce their husbands
1st duty of all Muslims (according to 5 pillars )
Belief in one god; one true god is Allah, total submission
Hejira, Imam, Kaaba associated with
Islamic Faith
Imam is the
prayer leader
Islam changed status of Women by
legal and economic status
People of the book
Jews and Christians
Islam spread rapidly after Muhammed’s death
Because Arab world was united.
Major contribution of Islamic scholars
they preserved learning for the modern world.
Muslims consider the Koran the greatest book because
these are the words of Allah
Ink of the scholar/ blood of the martyr means
said by Muhammed
a person that is educated should be held in higher regard
five pillars of Islam include
Pay zakat (charity)
fast during holy month of Ramadan
Make pilgrimage to Mecca
characteristics of Islamic architecture include
Roman Arches
domed rooves
Minarets (prayer towers)
Muslims in Asia, Africa, and Europe united because
same language
same religion
same law system.
numbers we use today
Arabic numerals.
