Chapter 4- Roman Flashcards
early settlers of Rome along the Tiber River that became known as Romans
Latins
who conquered the Latins in 600 B.C.
Etruscans
When did the Roman empire begin
when the Latins conquered the Etruscans in 509 B.C.
government where citizens vote and choose their leaders
republic
wealthy landowners
patricians
everyone else; middle class
plebians
300 patricians; governed Rome; Elite group
Term for life
Senate
first written code of law in Rome
twelve tables of Law (451 B.C.)
people who ______________ had to serve in the Roman army.
owned land
composed of 6,000 soldiers
minimum of 1,000
sub-divided; move to other areas
legion
Punic wars were between
Rome and Carthage
Rival trade city of Rome in North Africa
Carthage
Which punic war did Rome win a naval victory in ?
1st Punic War
which punic war did Rome get Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica?
1st Punic War
Which Punic war was when the Roman army attacked Carthage?
2nd Punic War
Which Punic war did Rome get Spain?
2nd Punic War
Motto in third Punic War
Carthago est Decanda (Carthage must be destroyed)
which Punic War did the Roman army decimate Carthage
3rd Punic War
quote made after the 3rd punic war
Carthaginian Peace
You annihilate your enemy to where they can not recover; nothing left for them
Members of the 1st Triumvirate
Caesar
Pompey- Roman general
Marcus Crassus- Weak of 3
In the 1st triumvirate there was a power struggle between
Caesar and Pompey
At the Rubicon River who was given an ultimatum
Caesar
What was the ultimatum given to Caesar?
Return to Rome without your army
what did Caesar do?
comes back to Rome with army; defeats Pompey’s army.
what does “Crossing the Rubicon” mean
make the final decision; not turning back
Close friend of of Caesar; Co-conspirator of Caesar’s death
Brutus
Julius Caesar’s last words
“Et Tu Brute”
why you brutus? ; ultimate betrayal by friends
Ides of March (march 15, 44 B.C.
Death of Julius Caesar
members of the 2nd Triumvirate.
Octavian- Heir/ Grand nephew to Caesar
Marc Antony- Roman general
Marcus Lepidas- Weakest
1st objective of the second triumvirate
Capture and try Caesar’s murderers.
power struggle of the 2nd triumvirate between
Octavian and Marc Antony
Marc Antony allies with _______ ?
Cleopatra
queen of Egypt
In the battle of Actium in 31 B.C.
Octavian defeats Antony and Cleopatra
In 27 B.C. Senate gives to Octavian the title of ______?
Augustus
“Exalted one”
First Roman emperor
Roman peace
period of peace and prosperity
Pax Romana
Allows Augustus to be commander in chief of the army.
Imperator.
Blending of Greek and Roman
Greco-Roman
Brought water from the country side to the cities
Aqueducts
Major road way to move trade and troops
appian Way
Massive structure
Colosseum
The colosseum held
gladiator events; wild animal events’ mock naval battles
reenacted military battles
guy who designed Colosseum never got to see the finished product
Claims against Roman citizens
Civil Law
Applied to foreigners
Law of nations
Other people could worship any way the pleased. Although, other people had to recognize the Roman emperor as a divine being
Religious toleration of Roman Emperor
What did the Christians do to defy Roman authority
Would not worship the emperor as a god like figure.
Jesus considered trouble maker; claimed to be messiah
reaction of roman officials
Christians viewed as _____
scapegoat
blame everything on them
ordered Jesus to be put to death by crucifixtion
Pontius Pilate
Pilate means governor
gave religious toleration to the Christians
Edict of Milan
373 A.D.
When did Christianity become official religion of the empire
395 B.C.
Why did Germanic Invasions happen on Rome
Germans looking for better climate and farmland
who defeated the Roman army in 344 A.D.
Visgoths
who was the first German born Roman emperor
Odacer
476 A.D.
Eastern half of empire survives another ______
Byzatine Empire
1,000 years.
