Chapter 4 Flashcards
Middles ages were also called the
Medieval period
the middle ages was between the end of _______ and beginning of _________
classical age
modern world
Conversion to Christianity- Clovis receives support of the__________
Christian Church
Gaul- area today occupied by __________
France
“Mayor of the palace”
chief of the royal household
chief of the royal household was originally called
chief of household
chief of the royal household is ultimately the
real ruler
Charles Martel is know as
Charles the Hammer
Charles Martel became
Mayor of the palace
Battle of Tours was when?
732 A.D.
Battle of Tours was a war between ________ and _______ ; won by __________
moors and franks
Franks
significance of the battle of tours
halted Muslim advance into Europe
Pepin the short was son of
Charles Martel
Pepin started the
Carolingian Dynasty
Donation of Pepin
an area of land around Rome that Pepin donated to the Pope
Charlemagne was the son of
Pepin
Charlemagne was known as
charles the great
Charlemagne was greatest of all the
Frankish Kings
Charlemagne’s dates of reign
768-814
16 years
New Rome is centered where
France and Germany
Buffer zone
a kind of frontier
“Emperor of the Romans”-crowned by
Pope Leo III
Charlemagne’s government; “Missi Dominici”
The lord’s messengers;
appointed officials who helped Charlemagne run empire
Aix- La-Chappelle
Charlemagne’s capital; North
Louis the Pious
well educated, religious; weak and shortsighted ruler
Treaty of Verdun (843)
divided the empire among Louis’s grandsons
Lothair, Charles the bald, and Louis the German
2 reasons for decline of the Franks
successors fought among themselves;
did not overcome enemies
vikings
norsemen
germanic people
Feudalism was
system of local governing
granting and receiving land
obligations
unwritten contract between nobles providing for land and certain obligations
feudal contract
feudal estates
fief
What did the lord provide to the vassal
provided the land
provided a court of justice
what did the vassal give to the lord
Their complete loyalty
Provide military service
granted fief; nobility
Lord
lessor lord; received fief
Vassals
peasant; tied to the land; hard labor
Serfs
Churches in feudal society acquired
tremendous amounts of property.
Common causes of warfare
Boundary Disputes (most common)
Family Feud
Greedy
Church instituted periods of peace (no fighting)
Peace of God
who were forbidden to attack
“non combatants”
old people, children, town people
economic system revolving around self sufficient estates
Manoralism
large estates
manor
manors were
self sufficient
land kept by lord of manor (best land)
Domain
95% of the population was
peasants
Peasants did
5 to 6 days a week of working
sun up to sun down
hard labor
“Cheval”
Managing and training your horse
cheval directed _________
a knight’s behavior
code of chivalry
extended the quality to lower class people
waves of ___________ and _________ brought new customs and life styles to many parts in Europe.
barbarian invasions
settlements
many _________ plundered Europe and established kingdoms
Germanic tribes
a group of Germanic peoples, the _________ , did much to shape the culture of post roman Europe
Franks
Charles Martel’s cavalry defeated the ______________ in 732 when they invaded France
Spanish Moors
Pepins victory won him territory called the ________ when he gave the land to the pope
donation of pepin
the donation of pepin became the ________
Papal States
Charlemagne’s crowning of the “Emperor of the Roman’s” regarded him as the successor to the _________
Roman emperors
the most feared invaders of Western Europe during the 800’s and 900’s were the ______ from Scandinavia
Vikings
a social ranking system
Lowest to highest
Hierarchy
Priest who directly served people in the church. Could administer 5 of the 7 sacraments
day to day obligations
Parish Priest
Ceremonies at which participants received God’s direct favor or grace to help ward off the consequences of sin.
sacraments
Name 6 sacraments
Ceremony of Baptism- Cleaning
Matrimony-Union of husband and wife blessed by church
conformation- joining the church
Lord’s supper- feast; breaking of bread and wine
Last rights dying?- blessed; last opportunity to wash away sins
Penance-forgiveness
held supreme authority in the church
pope
the church’s code of law
canon law
any church related official
clergy
a court could issue this where all churches in the region must be closed and the clergy would be forbidden to perform the sacraments
interdiction
cut off from the church and could not receive the sacraments or be buried in sacred ground
excommunication
Heresycontradict the Church’s doctrine
Heresy
people who denied the truth of the church’s principles who preached beliefs not approved by the church.
Heretic
when a noble man could appoint a friend or relative to a high position in the church
investitvure
special court that tried people involved in heresy
inquisition
