The Human Nervous System

Question 1

Describe ipsilateral

Answer 1

same side

Question 2

Describe medial

Answer 2

move towards midline

Question 3

What are the types of nervous system

Answer 3

central, peripheral and enteric

Question 4

What makes up the CNS

Answer 4

brain and spinal cord

Question 5

What nerves make up the PNS

Answer 5

peripheral, cranial & spinal

Question 6

How many peripheral nerves are there

Answer 6

43

Question 7

How many spinal nerves are there

Answer 7

31

Question 8

What does the PNS consist of

Answer 8

cells & cell bodies to/from the brain and spinal cord

Question 9

TRUE or FALSE - peripheral nerves are ALWAYS sensory

Answer 9

FALSE - they are sensory and motor - mixed

Question 10

What are the myelinating cells in the PNS

Answer 10

schwann cells

Question 11

What are axons surrounded by in PNS

Answer 11

fascicles

Question 12

What are fascicles bundled by in the PNS

Answer 12

perineurium

Question 13

What encloses the fascicles

Answer 13

blood vessels by epineurium

Question 14

How many cranial nerves are there

Answer 14

12

Question 15

Describe the cranial nerves

Answer 15

sensory, mainly motor or mixed

Question 16

What do the cranial nerves usually innervate

Answer 16

head and neck except the vagus

Question 17

What is the first cranial nerve

Answer 17

olfactory

Question 18

What is the second cranial nerve

Answer 18

optic

Question 19

What is the third cranial nerve

Answer 19

occulomotor

Question 20

What is the fourth cranial nerve

Answer 20

trochlear

Question 21

What is the fifth cranial nerve

Answer 21

trigeminal

Question 22

What is the sixth cranial nerve

Answer 22

abducens

Question 23

What is the seventh cranial nerve

Answer 23

facial

Question 24

What is the eighth cranial nerve

Answer 24

vestibular

Question 25

what is the 9th cranial nerve

Answer 25

glossopharyngeal

Question 26

What is the 10th cranial nerve

Answer 26

vagus

Question 27

What is the 11th cranial nerve

Answer 27

accessory

Question 28

What is the 12th cranial nerve

Answer 28

hypoglossal

Question 29

What does the Vagus nerve supply

Answer 29

80% of PNS outflow

Question 30

Describe Spinal nerves

Answer 30

ALWAYS mixed

Question 31

Where do dorsal root spinal nerves travel to

Answer 31

back of body - dorsal region

Question 32

Where do ventral root spinal nerves come out of

Answer 32

front

Question 33

What types of spinal nerves are the ones with lumps in

Answer 33

dorsal roots

Question 34

What fibres do spinal nerve ventral roots contain

Answer 34

efferent fibres

Question 35

What fibres do spinal nerve dorsal roots contain

Answer 35

afferent

Question 36

where do efferent fibres of spinal nerves carry information

Answer 36

out of the CNS

Question 37

Where do afferent fibres of spinal nerves carry information

Answer 37

into the CNS

Question 38

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 38

sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 39

Where does the sympathetic nervous system originate

Answer 39

thoracic and first three lumbar segments

Question 40

What are ganglia

Answer 40

collection of cell bodies forming a lump

Question 41

What do ganglia form in the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 41

sympathetic chain along thoracic spinal cord

Question 42

How do fibres reach ganglions

Answer 42

via white rami

Question 43

What can the T1 ganglion fuse with?

Answer 43

inferior cervical ganglia

Question 44

TRUE or FALSE - Grey rami communicans is un-myelinated

Answer 44

TRUE

Question 45

What are grey rami?

Answer 45

post ganglionic fibres

Question 46

Where do the ganglia lie in the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 46

close to the spinal cord

Question 47

What is the length of sympathetic pre-ganglionic fibres

Answer 47

short

Question 48

Where are parasympathetic ganglia located?

Answer 48

close to target organ

Question 49

What is the length of parasympathetic pre ganglionic fibres

Answer 49

long

Question 50

What is the post ganglionic neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 50

noradrenaline

Question 51

What are sweat glands activated by

Answer 51

acetylcholine

Question 52

What is the pre-ganglionic neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 52

Acetylcholine