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BMS109 Neuroscience > The Human Nervous System > Flashcards

The Human Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Describe ipsilateral

A

same side

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2
Q

Describe medial

A

move towards midline

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3
Q

What are the types of nervous system

A

central, peripheral and enteric

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4
Q

What makes up the CNS

A

brain and spinal cord

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5
Q

What nerves make up the PNS

A

peripheral, cranial & spinal

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6
Q

How many peripheral nerves are there

A

43

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7
Q

How many spinal nerves are there

A

31

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8
Q

What does the PNS consist of

A

cells & cell bodies to/from the brain and spinal cord

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9
Q

TRUE or FALSE - peripheral nerves are ALWAYS sensory

A

FALSE - they are sensory and motor - mixed

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10
Q

What are the myelinating cells in the PNS

A

schwann cells

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11
Q

What are axons surrounded by in PNS

A

fascicles

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12
Q

What are fascicles bundled by in the PNS

A

perineurium

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13
Q

What encloses the fascicles

A

blood vessels by epineurium

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14
Q

How many cranial nerves are there

A

12

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15
Q

Describe the cranial nerves

A

sensory, mainly motor or mixed

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16
Q

What do the cranial nerves usually innervate

A

head and neck except the vagus

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17
Q

What is the first cranial nerve

A

olfactory

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18
Q

What is the second cranial nerve

A

optic

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19
Q

What is the third cranial nerve

A

occulomotor

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20
Q

What is the fourth cranial nerve

A

trochlear

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21
Q

What is the fifth cranial nerve

A

trigeminal

22
Q

What is the sixth cranial nerve

A

abducens

23
Q

What is the seventh cranial nerve

A

facial

24
Q

What is the eighth cranial nerve

A

vestibular

25
Q

what is the 9th cranial nerve

A

glossopharyngeal

26
Q

What is the 10th cranial nerve

A

vagus

27
Q

What is the 11th cranial nerve

A

accessory

28
Q

What is the 12th cranial nerve

A

hypoglossal

29
Q

What does the Vagus nerve supply

A

80% of PNS outflow

30
Q

Describe Spinal nerves

A

ALWAYS mixed

31
Q

Where do dorsal root spinal nerves travel to

A

back of body - dorsal region

32
Q

Where do ventral root spinal nerves come out of

A

front

33
Q

What types of spinal nerves are the ones with lumps in

A

dorsal roots

34
Q

What fibres do spinal nerve ventral roots contain

A

efferent fibres

35
Q

What fibres do spinal nerve dorsal roots contain

A

afferent

36
Q

where do efferent fibres of spinal nerves carry information

A

out of the CNS

37
Q

Where do afferent fibres of spinal nerves carry information

A

into the CNS

38
Q

What are the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

39
Q

Where does the sympathetic nervous system originate

A

thoracic and first three lumbar segments

40
Q

What are ganglia

A

collection of cell bodies forming a lump

41
Q

What do ganglia form in the sympathetic nervous system

A

sympathetic chain along thoracic spinal cord

42
Q

How do fibres reach ganglions

A

via white rami

43
Q

What can the T1 ganglion fuse with?

A

inferior cervical ganglia

44
Q

TRUE or FALSE - Grey rami communicans is un-myelinated

A

TRUE

45
Q

What are grey rami?

A

post ganglionic fibres

46
Q

Where do the ganglia lie in the sympathetic nervous system

A

close to the spinal cord

47
Q

What is the length of sympathetic pre-ganglionic fibres

A

short

48
Q

Where are parasympathetic ganglia located?

A

close to target organ

49
Q

What is the length of parasympathetic pre ganglionic fibres

A

long

50
Q

What is the post ganglionic neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system

A

noradrenaline

51
Q

What are sweat glands activated by

A

acetylcholine

52
Q

What is the pre-ganglionic neurotransmitter in the sympathetic nervous system

A

Acetylcholine

BMS109 Neuroscience (22 decks)

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