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BMS109 Neuroscience > Somatic Sensory System > Flashcards

Somatic Sensory System Flashcards

1
Q

What sensory receptors have encapsulated nerve endings?

A

meissner and pacinian corpuscles

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2
Q

Where are meissner corpuscles found

A

palms, eyes, lips

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3
Q

What do Meissner corpuscles detect

A

light touch, texture, movement

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4
Q

Describe Meissner corpuscles

A

sensitive and rapidly adapting

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5
Q

Where are Pacinian corpuscles located

A

deeper in the skin

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6
Q

What do pacinian corpuscles detect

A

deep pressure, stretch

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7
Q

Describe Pacinian corpuscles

A

sensitive, rapidly adapting

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8
Q

Which sensory receptors have un-encapsulated nerve endings

A

Merkel discs, free nerve endings, Ruffini corpuscles

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9
Q

Where are ruffini corpuscles located

A

dermis, subcutaneous tissue

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10
Q

What do Ruffini corpuscles detect

A

heavy touch, pressure

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11
Q

Describe Ruffini corpuscles

A

slow adapting, proprioreceptor

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12
Q

Where are Merkel discs located

A

skin

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13
Q

What do Merkel discs detect

A

light touch, texture

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14
Q

Describe Merkel discs

A

slowly adapting

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15
Q

Where are free nerve ending located

A

epithelia, connective tissues

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16
Q

What do free nerve endings detect

A

pain, heat and cold

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17
Q

Describe hair follicles

A

varied sensory receptors - rapid and slow

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18
Q

Where are hair follicles located

A

epithelia

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19
Q

What type of receptors are sensory receptors

A

CELLULAR

20
Q

How do rapidly adapting receptors respond

A

fire immediately - rapidly stop

21
Q

What do rapidly adapting receptors give information about

A

changes in the stimulus

22
Q

What do slowly adapting receptors give information about

A

persistence of stimulus

23
Q

How do slowly adapting receptors respond

A

fire slowly - continue to fire if stimulus present

24
Q

How are primary afferent axon subtypes classified

A

conduction velocity

25
Q

Where is sensory information organised

A

spinal cord dorsal horn

26
Q

Function of medial lemniscal tracts

A

carries mechanoreceptive, proprioceptive signals to the thalamus

27
Q

function of spinothalamic tract

A

carries pain, temperature signals to thalamus

28
Q

What are the two main somatosensory routes

A

medial lemniscal tracts, spinothalamic tract

29
Q

How many neurons does sensory information travel through

A

3

30
Q

Function of first order neurons

A

detect stimulus, transmit it to spinal cord

31
Q

Function of second order neurons

A

relay signal to the thalamus, gateway to the cortex

32
Q

Which order neurons are commissural?

A

second order

33
Q

Function of third order neurons

A

relay from thalamus to cortex

34
Q

How are axons of the medial lemniscal pathway organised?

A

Topologically

35
Q

Describe the pathways of first order neurons from the upper and lower body in the Medial Lemniscal system

A

upper body - lateral

lower body - medial

36
Q

What do first order axons from the lower body in the MSL synapse onto

A

neurons in gracile nucleus

37
Q

What do first order neurons from upper body in MLS synapse onto

A

neurons in cuneate nucleus

38
Q

What happens to second order neurons in the MLS

A

cross the midline

39
Q

What do second order neurons in the MLS ascend in to

A

medial lemniscus

40
Q

What is the lower body pathway

A

medial

41
Q

What is the upper body pathway

A

lateral

42
Q

What is a dermatome

A

specific domain of the body

43
Q

What are somites

A

iterated structures

44
Q

What do somites give rise to

A

musculature and skeleton

45
Q

What do sensory ganglions associate with in the embryo

A

specific somite

46
Q

What is the area of the cortex dedicated to each area of the body proportional to

A

density of innervation in that area

47
Q

Describe the cortical map

A

highly plastic - change overtime depending on usage

BMS109 Neuroscience (22 decks)

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