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BMS109 Neuroscience > Memory > Flashcards

Memory Flashcards

1
Q

What is learning

A

acquisation of information

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2
Q

What is memory

A

storage of learned information

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3
Q

What is recall

A

reaquisation of stored information

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4
Q

What is the engram

A

physical embodiment of a memory

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5
Q

What are the two types of memory

A

procedural, declarative

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6
Q

Describe procedural memories

A

related to skills

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7
Q

Describe declarative memories

A

related to knowledge

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8
Q

How are declarative memories encoded

A

in symbols and languages

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9
Q

What part of the mind is associated with declarative memories

A

conscious

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10
Q

TRUE or FALSE - Procedural memories are unconscious

A

True

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11
Q

What class of memory does working memory fall under

A

short term

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12
Q

What structures of the brain are involved with memory

A

pre-frontal cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, cerebellum

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13
Q

Which brain region is working memory associated with?

A

pre-frontal cortex

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14
Q

What is the function of the hippocampus in memory

A

forms long term memories

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15
Q

Which memory is the hippocampus responsible for?

A

declarative

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16
Q

What is the function of the amygdala in memory ?

A

fear response, emotion, learnt fear

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17
Q

Which memory is the amygdala responsible for?

A

implicit - procedural

18
Q

Which memory is the cerebellum responsible for?

A

procedural

19
Q

What is the function of the cerebellum in memory?

A

sensorimotor integration

20
Q

What do lesions in the hippocampus cause

A

memory loss

21
Q

What happens if the hippocampus and parts of the amygdala are removed?

A

no ability to form long term memory

22
Q

What are two theories for memory

A

reverberating circuit, hebbian synapse concept

23
Q

Describe the Hebbian synapse conecept

A

information is stored in changes in synapses

24
Q

What happens to the synapses during memory formation

A

post synaptic response increases or decreases

25
Q

What is long term depression

A

increase in EPSPs

26
Q

Where does long term potentiation occur

A

hippocampus

27
Q

What cells preform long term potentiation

A

CA1, CA3

28
Q

What are the two types of long term potentiation?

A

post-tetanic LTP, paired LTP

29
Q

What is long term potentiation

A

process which strengthens connections between synapses

30
Q

Describe the post-tetanic LTP

A

high frequency stimulus strengthens a specific synapse

31
Q

How is LTP formed in paired LTPs?

A

depolarising both neurones at once

32
Q

What is paired LTPs associated with

A

associative learning

33
Q

Where does long term depression occur

A

cerebellum

34
Q

What is long term depression

A

reduction in efficacy of neuronal synapses

35
Q

What does long term depression contribute towards

A

memory formation

36
Q

What reflex is exhibited by the Aplysia californica

A

Gill withdrawal reflex

37
Q

What does the aplysia californica show if the gill is repeatedly touched

A

habituation

38
Q

What conditioning is exhibited by the aplysia californica?

A

classical and operant

39
Q

What do LTP involve

A

trafficking of AMPA receptors to post-synaptic membrane

40
Q

How does calcium enter the cell via NMDA receptors

A

membrane - depolarised - remove magnesium block

41
Q

Which receptors are involved with long term potentiaton

A

NMDA, AMPA

42
Q

Which molecule has a critical role in LTP

A

Ca2+

BMS109 Neuroscience (22 decks)

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