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Histopath LEC > THE HISTOPATHOLOGY LABORATORY > Flashcards

THE HISTOPATHOLOGY LABORATORY Flashcards

1
Q

Different processes that we perform in the laboratory:

A

Receiving
Gross Examination o Fixation
Decalcification
Dehydration
Clearing
Infiltration/Impregnation
Embedding/Casting/Molding
Blocking
Trimming
Sectioning/Microtomy
Staining
Mounting
Labeling

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2
Q

INSTRUMENTATION

A

Diamond pen, Pencils, Pen
Gross Table
Automated Tissue Processor/ Elliot Bench Type
Processor
Paraffin Dispenser
Embedding Center
Embedding Molds
Refrigerator
Microtome
Flotation Bath
Slide Drvers
Stainers (Coplin Jars/Automated stainers)
Microscope

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3
Q

GROSS EXAMINATION
• Create a gross description:

A

• Type of specimen
• Color
• Size
• Weight
• Consistencv
• Texture

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4
Q

Two different types of tissue processor:

A

Tissue-transfer
Liquid transfer

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5
Q

Principle: Dip and Dunk
• The tissue will move from one container to another.
Most laboratories use this one

A

Tissue-transfer

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6
Q

Principle: Enclosed
Fixed
The fluid is transferred not the tissue.

A

Fluid-transfer

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7
Q

EMBEDDING CENTER
• Has 4 parts:

A

Cold plate
Hot plate
Paraffin Wax dispenser
Orientation stage

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8
Q

Paraffin Dispenser
Where we place our paraffin
• _______ than the melting point of paraffin

A

2-4°C higher

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9
Q

FREEZER
• Thermal Requirement:

A

-20°C

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10
Q

EFRIGERATORS
• Thermal Requirement:

A

4°C

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11
Q

MICROTOME
• Main Parts

A

o Block Holder
o Knife Holder
o Pawl and Feedwheel Mechanism

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12
Q

• Most commonly used
• Designed for tissue sections that are embedded using paraffin wax

A

Rotary microtome

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13
Q

Rotary Microtome

Inventor:
Tissue cut:

A

Minot

3 to 5 um

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14
Q

Microtome

For STAT diagnosis
A rotary microtome is kept inside a cold chamber maintained at…

A

CRYOSTAT

-5°C to - 30°C

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15
Q

Oldest and simplest microtome

A

ROCKING MICROTOME

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16
Q

Rocking micotome

Invented by

A

Trefall

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17
Q

For cutting large tissue sections with hard blocks

A

SLIDING MICROTOME

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18
Q

Sliding microtome

Embedding medium:
• Harder compared with our paraffin wax

A

Cellulose nitrate

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19
Q

ULTRATHIN

Tissue cut:
Embedding medium:

A

60 to 100 nanometer

Epoxy resin

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20
Q

FLOATATION BATH
________ than the melting point of paraffin

A

5-10°C LOWER

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21
Q

SLIDE DRYER
_____ than the melting point of paraffin

A

• 5-10°C HIGHER

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22
Q

Slide dryer

Overheating causes uneven staining, artifacts formation, and tissue destruction

We should only place our slides in the slide dryer within _____ only.

A

3-5 minutes

23
Q

KINDS OF MICROSCOPES

A

Bright field microscope
Darkfield microscope
Phase contrast
polarizing microscope
Fluorescence microscope
Electron microscope

24
Q

Microscope commonly used during histo lab

Bg is very light

A

Brightfield microscope

25
Q

Microscope has dar bg

A

Darkfield microscope

26
Q

Microscope in which utilized samples are unstained and colorless

A

Phase contrast

27
Q

Appearance of tissues under this microscope is green

A

Polarizing microscope

28
Q

Microscope which allows only observing a specific part of the tissue

Need to add stain

A

Fluorescence microscope

29
Q

Microscope used for small/ tiny tissues

A

Electron microscope

30
Q

Storage or surgical secien

A

Return to original container

Group chronologically

Be free from human and animal interference

31
Q

Disposal of surgical specimens

A

Placed in biohazard bags for burial or incineration

32
Q

Return of surgical specimen to px

A

Guidelines must be acc to the hospital

Ensures proper documentation

Limbs and fetuses

Bullets, breast implants, and foreign bodies

33
Q

Paraffin blocks and slides

Storage

A

Cool, dry place

Free from vermin and insects

Arranged acc to year and accession

34
Q

Disposal

Paraffin blocks
slides

A

Pathologic waste bags
Sharp containers

35
Q

Paraffin blocks and slides

Requests

A

To be viewed by another institution

Logbook must be available

Slides transported with damage and breakage prevention

Deposit and charging for new slides

Preserve original state of material

36
Q

Recommended minimum retention time of records, report, specimens

A

National Pathology Accreditation Advisory Council

37
Q

RECORDS
STORAGE
Request, Accession logs, Maintenance and Quality Control logs

A

2 years

38
Q

BB Quality Control

A

5 years

39
Q

BB employee signatures, patient records, donor and recepient records

A

10 years

40
Q

Records of indefinitely/permanently deferre donors, forensic accession logs

A

Indefinitely

41
Q

Clinical Pathology (e.g. CC, Hema)

A

2 years

42
Q

Anatomical/Surgical Pathology

A

10 years

43
Q

Cytogenetics (final resorts and photographs)

A

20 years

44
Q

Forensic Autopsy

A

Indefinitely

45
Q

Urine

A

24 hours

46
Q

Serum and other body fluids

A

48 hours

47
Q

Microbiology and blood smears (routine)

A

7 days

48
Q

BB donor/recepient (blood)

A

7 days
post-transfusion

49
Q

Surgical Tissues

A

10 years

50
Q

Cytogenetic slides

A

3 years

51
Q

Cytology slides (e.g. pap)

A

5 years

52
Q

Tissue, BM, FNA Slides

A

10 years

53
Q

Paraffin blocks

A

10 years

54
Q

Forensic: Blocks, slides

A

Indefinitely

Histopath LEC (37 decks)

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