CELLULAR ADAPTATION Flashcards
• Changes made by a cell in response to stress or stimuli.
CELLULAR ADAPTATION
May be physiologic type of adaptation or pathologic type of adaptation.
CELLULAR ADAPTATION
O_________ - the adaptive response of our body; a normal occurrence of our body.
O_________ - brought about or caused by a certain disease.
Physiologic
Pathologic
Cellular Adaptation (5)
A. Hypertrophy
B. Hyperplasia
C. Atrophy
D. Metaplasia
E. Dysplasia
Increased SIZE
The organ will become larger.
Hypertrophy
Hypertrophy
Increased______
The organ will become larger.
SIZE
Increased cell NUMBER
The size can still be the same but for the number of cells, it is increased.
Hyperplasia
Hyperplasia
Increased cell_______
The size can still be the same but for the number of cells, it is increased.
NUMBER
Decreased SIZE and NUMBER
Decreased in both the size of the cell and the number of cells present.
Atrophy
Atrophy
Decreased________
Decreased in both the size of the cell and the number of cells present.
SIZE and NUMBER
Change in ONE CELL TYPE TO ANOTHER
It can be the type of epithelial tissue or the type of connective tissue.
Metaplasia
Metaplasia
Change in______
It can be the type of epithelial tissue or the type of connective tissue.
ONE CELL TYPE TO ANOTHER
Abnormality of cell development
Dysplasia
• Occurs on cells that are not capable of dividing.
• Increased Cell Size -› Increased Organ Size
HYPERTROPHY
3 TYPES of HYPERTOPHY
True Hypertrophy
False Hypertrophy
Compensatory Hypertophy
Hypertophy
Stimulated by hormone.
True Hypertrophy
Hypertophy example
during pregnancy, the uterus will adapt with the changes, the level of the hormones will be increased due to increased function demand.
True Hypertophy
Due to the excessive accumulation of metabolites
It’s not the cell but the metabolites are increased
False Hypertrophy
Hypertophy example
Hepatomegaly
False Hypertophy
Hypertrophy
Can occur in organs that are paired (ex. kidney).
For example, if the left kidney is not functioning well, the right kidney will tend to increase in size just to compensate with the function of the left kidney.
Compensatory Hypertrophy
Hypertophy example
Regeneration
Compensatory Hypertophy
• Adaptive response of the cells that are capable of replication
• Increased Cell Number -> Increased Organ Mass
HYPERPLASIA
HYPERPLASIA
Increase in
Cell number
Due to proliferative actions of growth factor, and/or stem cells.
Hyperplasia