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Histopath LEC > ABNORMALITIES IN CELL GROWTH > Flashcards

ABNORMALITIES IN CELL GROWTH Flashcards

1
Q

Abnormalities in Cell Growth

A

A. Retrogressive
B. Progressive
C. Degenerative

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2
Q

RETROGRESSIVE (2)

A

Development defects
Atrophy

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3
Q

Development Defects

A

Hypoplasia
Aplasia
Agenesia
Atresia

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4
Q

• The organs or a part of the tissue is smaller than normal.

A

RETROGRESSIVE

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5
Q

Incomplete development of the organ

A

Aplasia

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6
Q

Failure of an organ to develop fully

A

Hypoplasia

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7
Q

Failure of an organ to form an opening

A

Atresia

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8
Q

o Acquired decrease of the size of a normally developed organ

A

Atrophy

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9
Q

PROGRESSIVE

A

Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia

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10
Q

The tissue has an increase in size due to the increase in size of the individual cells

A

Hypertrophy

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11
Q

The tissue has an increase in the number of cells

A

Hyperplasia

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12
Q

• There is change due to aberrations of cellular growth patterns

• There is disturbance during the pattern of development

A

DEGENERATIVE

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13
Q

There are four categories of DEGENERATIVE

A

Dysplasia
Metaplasia
Anaplasia
Neoplasia

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14
Q

• Means “disordered growth”

A

Dysplasia

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15
Q

Presence of abnormal cells within a tissue (reversible)

A

Dysplasia

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16
Q

• Reversible
• It involves of transformation of one type of adult cell to another

A

Metaplasia

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17
Q

Lack of differentiation of cells

irreversible

A

Anaplasia

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18
Q

Neoplasia means

A

New growth

19
Q

• Uncontrolled proliferation of cells with no purpose

A

Neoplasia

20
Q

• Mass of neoplastic cells

A

Tumor/Neoplasm

21
Q

General Characteristics Of Tumors

A

• May resemble and function like a normal cell

• Autonomous

• Parasitic nature

22
Q

• Non-responsive to normal growth factors

A

Autonomous

23
Q

Competes with cells for metabolic needs

A

Parasitic nature

24
Q

Parts of Tumor

A

Parenchyma
Stroma

25
Q

actively dividing

• Darkly stained

An active element of the tumor

A

Parenchyma

26
Q

The connective framework with the lymphatic or vascular channels

A

Stroma (body)

27
Q

DEATH

CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR

Benign:
Malignant:

A

Usually not cause death

Usually causes death

28
Q

DIFFERENTIATION

CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR

Benign:
Malignant:

A

Well-differentiated
Some lack of differentiation

29
Q

RATE OF GROWTH

CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR

Benign:
Malignant:

A

Progressive and slow
Erratic

30
Q

METASTASIS

CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR

Benign:
Malignant:

A

Absent
Frequent

31
Q

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

GENERAL TUMOR NOMENCLATURE

Benign:
Malignant:

A

-oma
-carcinoma

32
Q

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

GENERAL TUMOR NOMENCLATURE

Benign:
Malignant:

A
  • oma
  • sarcoma
33
Q

• Monstrous tumors

Benign type of tumor
It can grow on any part of the body

A

Teratoma

34
Q

• Attempts to establish an estimate of the level of malignancy of a tumor

A

Grading of Tumors

35
Q

Grading of Tumors

Based on cytologic differentiation of_______ and ______

A

tumor cells and number of mitoses

36
Q

cytologic differentiation of tumor cells

A

Well-differentiated
Undifferentiated

37
Q

• Tumor cells resemble normal cells

A

Well-differentiated

38
Q

• Tumor cells do not resemble normal cells

A

Undifferentiated

39
Q

• For the size of the tumor
• Extent of the spread of the cancer cells to the lymph nodes
• Presence of metastasis

A

staging

40
Q

Used to classify the grading of tumors

A

BORDER’S CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR

41
Q

BORDER’S CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR

Differentiated Cells

Grade
l
ll
lll
lV

A

Grade
l 100-75
ll 75-50
lll 50-25
lV 25-0

42
Q

BORDER’S CLASSIFICATION OF TUMOR

Undifferentiated Cells

Grade
l
ll
lll
lV

A

Grade
l 0-25
ll 25-50
lll 50-75
lV 75-100

43
Q

Limitations of Grading

A

• It is subjective

• Higher grades of tumor have more tendency to metastasize

• Most sarcomas cannot be graded

44
Q

Complete non-appearance of an organ

A

Agenesia

Histopath LEC (37 decks)

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