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biology exam paper corrections > the heart > Flashcards

the heart Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

instrument to make incisions in heart experiment

A

•scalpel

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2
Q

difference between walls of the right and left ventricles in the heart

A

•walls of the left ventricle were thicker than the ones of the right

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3
Q

vein carrying blood richest in oxygen

A

•pulmonary vein

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4
Q

vein carrying blood between intestine and liver

A

•hepatic portal vein

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5
Q

vein carrying blood lowest in metabolic wastes

A

•renal vein

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6
Q

vein carrying blood into right atrium of heart

A

•vena cava

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7
Q

how did you know the left from the right side of heart prior to dissection

A

•left side was thicker

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8
Q

sa node function

A

•send impulse to the atria and causes it to contract

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9
Q

av node function

A

•send impulse to ventricles and causes them to contract

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10
Q

heart cycle

A

•heart is relaxed, blood flows into atria
•atria contract and force blood through the valves into the ventricles
•ventricles contract and push blood through the aorta and pulmonary vein

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11
Q

period of heart cycle when cardiac muscle of the heart is contracting

A

•systole

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12
Q

period of heart cycle when cardiac muscle of the heart is not contracting

A

•diastole

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13
Q

how know ventricles are contracting in diagram

A

•ventricle volumes are reduced
•semilunar valves are open
•blood flowing into arteries

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14
Q

location of sa

A

•wall of right atrium

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15
Q

what circuit does the right ventricle pump blood to

A

•pulmonary circuit

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16
Q

what circuit did the left ventricle pump blood to

A

•systemic circuit

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17
Q

what caused the sounds of a heartbeat

A

•valves closing

18
Q

function of coronary (cardiac) artery

A

•to supply the heart muscle with blood

19
Q

effect of smoking in circulatory system

A

•increased heart rate
•increased blood pressure

20
Q

process of inhalation

A

•brain send impulse to muscles
•intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract
•ribcage move up and out
•diaphragm move down
•volume of chest increase
•pressure inside chest decrease
•air moves in

21
Q

diastole

A

•relaxation
(period of heart cycle when heart isn’t contracting)

22
Q

what surface did you observe the coronary artery

A

•front

23
Q

how dissect heart to identify bicuspid valve

A

•make shallow cut with scalpel on left side on a dissecting board
•valve is between atria and ventricle

24
Q

precise location of one semilunar valve

A

•base of aorta
•base of pulmonary artery

25
Q

how did you further dissect heart to locate semilunar valve

A

•(if said at base of aorta) cut into the aorta
•(if said base of pulmonary artery) cut into pulmonary artery

26
Q

notes on sounds created during the cardiac cycle

A

•sounds are ‘lub’ ‘dub’
•caused by valves closing
•tricuspid and bicuspid valves close and create first sound
•semilunar valves close and create second sound

27
Q

where does oxygen enter the blood

A

at the lungs

28
Q

where does co2 enter the blood

A

•at cells

29
Q

precise location of sa node

A

•right atrium

30
Q

what is measured when a persons blood pressure is taken

A

•force of the blood against the wall of the artery

31
Q

location of av node

A

•in septum between right atrium and right ventricle

32
Q

pulse

A

•the rhythmic stretching of an artery

33
Q

why pulse at wrist

A

•artery near surface

34
Q

difference between arteries and veins

A

•arteries have thicker lumen
•arteries carry oxygen away from heart
•veins have valves to stop backwards flow of blood
•veins carry deoxygenated blood to heart

35
Q

capillaries

A

•tiny blood vessels that link arteries and veins

36
Q

closed system

A

•allows blood to be pumped to
different parts of the body when necessary
•also allows oxygenated blood to be kept separate from deoxygenated blood. This is more efficient

37
Q

open system

A

•doesn’t allow blood to be pumped to different parts of the body when necessary & doesn’t allow de/oxygenated blood to be kept separate

38
Q

portal system

A

•a blood pathway that begins
and ends in capillaries

39
Q

disadvantage of closed system

A

•requires more energy for blood distribution, strong pump needed to push blood through valves

40
Q

advantage of open system

A

•better regulation of body temperature
•requires less energy

41
Q

disadvantage of open system

A

•low metabolic rate & limited activity level

biology exam paper corrections (20 decks)

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