crazam 2- cell division Flashcards

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1
Q

chemical components that make up chromosomes

A

•DNA
•protein

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2
Q

sickle cell anameia is is a condition caused by what type of mutation

A

•gene

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3
Q

male birds have two x chromosomes in their diploid cells. true or false

A

true

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4
Q

events in prophase

A

•nuclear membrane breaks down
•chromosomes become shorter
•spindle forms

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5
Q

an event that occurs during metsphase

A

•chromosome lines up along the equator
•spindle attatch to chromosome

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6
Q

how does cell division occur in an animal cell

A

• cleavage formation

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7
Q

how does cell division occur in a plant cell

A

•cell plate forms

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8
Q

interphase

A

•the stage where the cell isn’t dividing

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9
Q

mitosis

A

•cell division where two identical daughter cells are produced

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10
Q

function of spindle

A

•pull chromosomes to the poles of the cell

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11
Q

events in anaphase

A

•spindle shortening
•chromosomes pulled apart

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12
Q

a human cell not produced by mitosis

A

•sperm/egg/gamete

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13
Q

who proposed the theory of natural selection

A

•darwin and wallace

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14
Q

ways meiosis differs from mitosis

A

•four new cells produced
•variation
•chromosome number halved

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15
Q

cancer

A

•a group of disorders due to the uncontrolled rate of mitosis

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16
Q

types of bio molecules produced during interphase

A

•dna
•rna
•protein
•fat
•carb

17
Q

what organelle is replicated during interphase

A

•mitochondrion
•chloroplast
•ribosomes

18
Q

two changes which will have occurred in the cell by the end of interphase

A

•condensed chromosomes
•formation of spindle
•disappearance of nuclear membrane

19
Q

evidence for evolution

A

•fossils
•genetics
•anatomy

20
Q

how do fossils show evidence of evolution

A

•structure changes over time, related to environment

21
Q

name of the pair of chromosomes that males and females differ in

A

•sex chromosomes

22
Q

what is meant by sex linkage

A

•gene(s) on the x or y chromosome

23
Q

common sex linked traits

A

•haemophilia
•colour blindness

24
Q

segregation

A

•traits are governed by pairs of alleles that separate at gamete formation

25
Q

assortment

A

•either member of a pair of alleles can combine with either member of another pair in gamete formation

26
Q

genetic engineering

A

•manipulation of genes

27
Q

isolation

A

•the removal of the chromosome containing the target gene from the human cell and the plasmid DNA from the bacterium

28
Q

ligation

A

•the joining of two sections of DNA to form a single strand

29
Q

transformation

A

•the uptake of DNA into a cell

30
Q

cloning

A

•the production of identical copies of the bacterium containing the target gene

31
Q

expression

A

•the formation of the product by the organism with the recombinant DNA

32
Q

where does mitosis occur in flowering plants

A

•root tips
•buds
•pollen