crazam 2- cell division Flashcards
chemical components that make up chromosomes
•DNA
•protein
sickle cell anameia is is a condition caused by what type of mutation
•gene
male birds have two x chromosomes in their diploid cells. true or false
true
events in prophase
•nuclear membrane breaks down
•chromosomes become shorter
•spindle forms
an event that occurs during metsphase
•chromosome lines up along the equator
•spindle attatch to chromosome
how does cell division occur in an animal cell
• cleavage formation
how does cell division occur in a plant cell
•cell plate forms
interphase
•the stage where the cell isn’t dividing
mitosis
•cell division where two identical daughter cells are produced
function of spindle
•pull chromosomes to the poles of the cell
events in anaphase
•spindle shortening
•chromosomes pulled apart
a human cell not produced by mitosis
•sperm/egg/gamete
who proposed the theory of natural selection
•darwin and wallace
ways meiosis differs from mitosis
•four new cells produced
•variation
•chromosome number halved
cancer
•a group of disorders due to the uncontrolled rate of mitosis
types of bio molecules produced during interphase
•dna
•rna
•protein
•fat
•carb
what organelle is replicated during interphase
•mitochondrion
•chloroplast
•ribosomes
two changes which will have occurred in the cell by the end of interphase
•condensed chromosomes
•formation of spindle
•disappearance of nuclear membrane
evidence for evolution
•fossils
•genetics
•anatomy
how do fossils show evidence of evolution
•structure changes over time, related to environment
name of the pair of chromosomes that males and females differ in
•sex chromosomes
what is meant by sex linkage
•gene(s) on the x or y chromosome
common sex linked traits
•haemophilia
•colour blindness
segregation
•traits are governed by pairs of alleles that separate at gamete formation
assortment
•either member of a pair of alleles can combine with either member of another pair in gamete formation
genetic engineering
•manipulation of genes
isolation
•the removal of the chromosome containing the target gene from the human cell and the plasmid DNA from the bacterium
ligation
•the joining of two sections of DNA to form a single strand
transformation
•the uptake of DNA into a cell
cloning
•the production of identical copies of the bacterium containing the target gene
expression
•the formation of the product by the organism with the recombinant DNA
where does mitosis occur in flowering plants
•root tips
•buds
•pollen
