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biology exam paper corrections > 2018 > Flashcards

2018 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

main structural polysaccharide in plant

A

cellulose

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2
Q

structural role of lipids

A

found in membrane
insulation

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3
Q

community

A

all the organisms in an area

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4
Q

population

A

all the organisms of a particular species living in an area

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5
Q

niche

A

the role of an organism in its ecosystem

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6
Q

qualitative survey

A

to establish the presence or absence of a species

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7
Q

cancer

A

a group of disorders due to uncontrolled rate of mitosis

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8
Q

genetic engineering

A

manipulation of genes

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9
Q

isolation
(genetic engineering)

A

removal of a gene (or piece of dna or of a plasmid)

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10
Q

expression
(genetic engineering)

A

the gene causes the production of protein (or product)

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11
Q

rings of dna used as cloning vectors

A

plasmids

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12
Q

applications of genetic engineering

A

animals : clotting factors, lactose free milk, growth hormone
plants : resistance to herbicide, slow ripening, longer shelf life
microorganisms : production of interferon, oil breakdown

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13
Q

why should paper be left to dry out in fat test

A

to ensure translucent stain isn’t just water

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14
Q

where does dark stage take place in cell

A

chloroplast

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15
Q

why is elodea used in experiment of photosynthesis

A

aquatic plant produced bubbles

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16
Q

how rhizopus differs from yeast

A

•multicellular
•has hyphae
•produces zygospores

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17
Q

aseptic techniques

A

•minimal opening of containers
•wash bench with disinfectant
•sterilizing instruments
•wash hands

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18
Q

type of agar for fungi

A

malt agar

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19
Q

how to identify leaf yeast on agar

A

pink colonies

20
Q

why few/no leaf yeasts on agar

A

•air pollution
•time of year
•recent rainfall
•unsuitable temperature

21
Q

why pyramids of numbers usually constructed to three or four levels

A

due to large energy loss at each level

22
Q

conservation

A

management of the environment to maintain biodiversity and prevent extinction

23
Q

where does carbon dioxide enter the blood

A

the cells

24
Q

precise location of sa node

A

right atrium

25
Q

role of sa node

A

•generates and sends electrical impulses

26
Q

precise location of the av node

A

in the septum between the right atrium and right ventricle

27
Q

role of av node

A

•causes contraction in the ventricles and controls heart rate

28
Q

what’s measured when a persons blood pressure is taken

A

•force of blood against the wall of the artery
•force required to stop flow of blood in the artery

29
Q

adv of cell using atp as energy source

A

•atp released energy in sustainable quantities
•energy is available for immediate use
•energy is recycled

30
Q

nitrogenous base in atp

A

adenine

31
Q

sugar in atp

A

ribose

32
Q

human storage polysaccharide

A

glycogen

33
Q

a major storage location of glycogen

A

•liver
•muscle

34
Q

fate of atp in krebs cycle

A

breaks down and released energy

35
Q

fate of nadh in krebs cycle

A

breaks down and releases electrons

36
Q

substances to immobilise enzymes

A

•sodium alginate
•calcium chloride

37
Q

advs of immobilized enzymes

A

•reusable
•recovered easily
•pure product

38
Q

biologically active entities that only contain one type of nucleic acid

A

viruses

39
Q

locations in eukaryotic cells where rna but no dna is found

A

cytosol
ribosome

40
Q

evolution

A

inheritable change within a population in response to change of environment or over time

41
Q

theory of evolution by natural selection

A

organisms that are more adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and of in the genes that aided their success

42
Q

binary fission

A

•dna replicates
•cell elongates
•dna move to opposite sides
•in growth of membrane
•cell splits in two

43
Q

batch processing

A

growth in a closed system with a specific amount of nutrient medium
defined amts if nutrient material and living matter are placed in a bioreactor and removed when the process is complete

44
Q

how certain bacteria respond to unfavorable conditions

A

they form an endospore

45
Q

bile contains bile salts

A

they emulsify fats
provide optimum ph for enzymes in the duodenum

46
Q

active immunity lasts

A

antibodies are produced

47
Q

humans sweat during exercise

A

body temperature increases and sweat evaporates using heat from body

biology exam paper corrections (20 decks)

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