dna & rna Flashcards
how many nitrogenous bases are in a codon
3
purine bases
•adenine
•guanine
pyrimidine bases
•thymine
•cytosine
difference between coding and non coding dna
•coding dna has a template for a protein
•non coding dna doesn’t have a template for a protein
why do we filter the mixture in a dna experiment
•remove the cell debris from the DNA
describe appearance of DNA isolated in the investigation
•white material
where does mRNA leave the nucleus
nuclear pore
main molecule that ribosome is made of
rRNA
heredity
•passing on of characteristics from one generation to the next
dna profiling
•method of making a unique pattern of bands from the DNA of a person, which can then be used to compare with the DNA profile of another person.
genetic screening
•a test to show presence or absence of a gene
stage 1 of dna profiling
•Release DNA from cells and use PCR to amplify the sample.
stage 2 of dna profiling
•Cut DNA into fragments
•Restriction enzymes are used to cut the DNA into smaller fragments. They only cut at specific places.
stage 3 of dna profiling
•Separate the fragments
•DNA is negatively charged. Gel electrophoresis can use an electric current to separate the fragments based on size
step 4 dna profiling
•the pattern is analysed and compared
applications of dna profiling
•You can use DNA profiling to test for certain diseases, for solving crimes and for maternity and paternity tests.
why do identical twins have the same dna profile
•both have same genes
•both come from the same zygote
events at ribosome that allow for production of a protein
•tRNA brings amino acids to ribosome
•tRNA binds with matching codon
•sequence of amino acids semble
•peptide bond forms + folding
role of mRNA
•mRNA gets code from DNA
•mRNA carrie’s code to ribosome
rRNA function
•rRNA forms ribosome
tRNA function
•tRNA transfers amino acids to ribosome, binds to complementary mRNA codon, translates mRNA code into amino acid sequence
chemical composition of a chromosome
•dna and protein
events that occur at ribosome to make protein
•tRNA binds to matching triplet
•peptide bond forms
•folding
•start and stop codon
