dna & rna

Question 1

how many nitrogenous bases are in a codon

Answer 1

3

Question 2

purine bases

Answer 2

•adenine
•guanine

Question 3

pyrimidine bases

Answer 3

•thymine
•cytosine

Question 4

difference between coding and non coding dna

Answer 4

•coding dna has a template for a protein
•non coding dna doesn’t have a template for a protein

Question 5

why do we filter the mixture in a dna experiment

Answer 5

•remove the cell debris from the DNA

Question 6

describe appearance of DNA isolated in the investigation

Answer 6

•white material

Question 7

where does mRNA leave the nucleus

Answer 7

nuclear pore

Question 8

main molecule that ribosome is made of

Answer 8

rRNA

Question 9

heredity

Answer 9

•passing on of characteristics from one generation to the next

Question 10

dna profiling

Answer 10

•method of making a unique pattern of bands from the DNA of a person, which can then be used to compare with the DNA profile of another person.

Question 11

genetic screening

Answer 11

•a test to show presence or absence of a gene

Question 12

stage 1 of dna profiling

Answer 12

•Release DNA from cells and use PCR to amplify the sample.

Question 13

stage 2 of dna profiling

Answer 13

•Cut DNA into fragments
•Restriction enzymes are used to cut the DNA into smaller fragments. They only cut at specific places.

Question 14

stage 3 of dna profiling

Answer 14

•Separate the fragments
•DNA is negatively charged. Gel electrophoresis can use an electric current to separate the fragments based on size

Question 15

step 4 dna profiling

Answer 15

•the pattern is analysed and compared

Question 16

applications of dna profiling

Answer 16

•You can use DNA profiling to test for certain diseases, for solving crimes and for maternity and paternity tests.

Question 17

why do identical twins have the same dna profile

Answer 17

•both have same genes
•both come from the same zygote

Question 18

events at ribosome that allow for production of a protein

Answer 18

•tRNA brings amino acids to ribosome
•tRNA binds with matching codon
•sequence of amino acids semble
•peptide bond forms + folding

Question 19

role of mRNA

Answer 19

•mRNA gets code from DNA
•mRNA carrie’s code to ribosome

Question 20

rRNA function

Answer 20

•rRNA forms ribosome

Question 21

tRNA function

Answer 21

•tRNA transfers amino acids to ribosome, binds to complementary mRNA codon, translates mRNA code into amino acid sequence

Question 22

chemical composition of a chromosome

Answer 22

•dna and protein

Question 23

events that occur at ribosome to make protein

Answer 23

•tRNA binds to matching triplet
•peptide bond forms
•folding
•start and stop codon