The Brain Flashcards
The right hemisphere of the brain involves
Holistic thought Creativity Art Music Intuition
Left hemisphere of the brain involves
Language Analytic thought Logic Science Maths
The meninges
Layers of Tissue that separate the skull and the brain. They are 3 men rates that envelop the brain and spinal cord.
Protects the CNS
Distal
Away from head, the cell body- like distance
Proximal
Near the head or the cell body like approximate
Ventral
The front, towards the front
Lateral
Towards the sides
Medial
Towards the middle
Ipsilateral
Same side
Contralateral
Opposite side
Posterior/ caudal
Towards the bottom (caudal)
Anterior/ rostral
Towards the front of head (rostral)
Superior
Above
Inferior
Below
Sliced up like a loaf of bread
Cross sections
Sliced lengthways
Sagittal section
Sliced lengthways down the middle
Midsagittal
Sliced parallel to the ground
Horizontal section
The cerebrum
Largest portion of the brain
2 hemispheres
Often divided into 5 lobes
Frontal lobe
Reasoning Planning Speech Movement Emotions Problem solving
Parietal lobe
Movement
Orientation
Recognition
Perception on stimuli
Occipital lobe
Visual processing
Temporal lobe
Perception
Recognition of auditory stimuli
Memory
Speech
Frontal lobe
Responsible for higher cognitive functions: problem solving, memory, language, motivation, social and sexual behaviour
What is the prefrontal cortex?
The region of the frontal lobe rostral to the premotor cortex.
Associated with formulating plans
What lobe plays a role in emotions?
Temporal lobe
Where is the motor cortex located?
In the rear portion of the frontal lobe, just before the central sulcus
The names of the two areas the motor cortex is divided into?
Primary motor cortex
Motor association cortex
Primary motor cortex
Executed movement of skeletal muscle
Motor association cortex
Plans and coordinates movement
Where is the visual cortex located?
On the inner surfaces of the occipital lobes
Two areas of the visual cortex
Primary visual cortex
Visual association cortex
Cerebellum
Associated with regulation and coordination of movement, posture and balance
Where is the limbic love located?
Dee in the brain and makes up the limbic system
The limbic system
Limbic cortex Hippocampus Amygdala Fornix Mammillary bodies Thalamus Hypothalamus
What does the limbic system do?
Area of the brain that regulates emotion and memory
What does the limbic system control?
Basic emotions and drives
Thalamus
Located deep in the brain at the top of the brainstem.
Main function is to relay and motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex.
Hypothalamus location?
Sits under than thalamus at the top of the brainstem
What does the hypothalamus control?
The autonomic nervous system
Centre for emotional response and behaviour
Regulates body temp and food intake
Controls endocrine system
Where is the medulla oblongata
Merges seamlessly with the spinal cord and creates the base of the brain stem
What does the the medulla control?
Vital reflexes: Swallowing Vomiting Coughing Respiratory system
Where is the pons located
Rounded brainstem region between the midbrain and the medulla oblongata
Main function of the pons
To connect the cerebellum to the rest of the brain and to modify the respiratory output of the medulla
Inter- neurons
Small neurons with short exams that interconnect with other spinal nerurons
Provide spinal integration of sensory and motor signals
Motor neurons
Large cells, found in ventral horn
