Memory Flashcards

1
Q

Memory

A

The ability to retain as draw on past experiences and use this info in the present

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2
Q

Memory leads to

A

Creation of internal representations and these are used to affect later experience and behaviour

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3
Q

Memory enables us to

A

Learn skills and knowledge and have a concept of self

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4
Q

Three memory processes

A
  • encoding
  • consolidation
  • retrieval
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5
Q

Three key operations of memory

A
  • encoding
  • storage
  • retrieval
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6
Q

Encoding

A

Initial formation of memory

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7
Q

Storage

A

Retention of the representation over time

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8
Q

Retrieval

A

Recollection of a stored representation memory into current use

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9
Q

When can forgetting occur

A

At any of the three key operations of memory

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10
Q

What kind of process is retrieval

A

An active process

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11
Q

Three part of multi store model of memory

A
  • sensory store
  • short term store
  • long term store
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12
Q

Sensory store

A

Decaying vs encoding

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13
Q

Short term store

A

Displacement vs consolidation

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14
Q

Long term store

A

Interference vs retrieval

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15
Q

Part of working memory

A
  • central executive
  • Visuo spatial sketch pad
  • episodic buffer
  • phonological loop
  • articulatory control
  • phonological store
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16
Q

Duration, capacity, encoding of sensory store

A

Brief/fragile.
Very limited.
Modality specific.

17
Q

Duration, capacity, encoding of short term store

A

Up to 30 secs.
7 +/- 2 items.
Visual, acoustic.

18
Q

Duration, capacity, encoding of long term store

A

Unlimited.
Unlimited.
Semantic.

19
Q

Iconic

A

Visual

20
Q

Iconic store

A

Can contain 9 items.

Very rapid decay.

21
Q

Echoic

A

Auditory.

22
Q

Echoic store

A

Can hold info for 4 secs.

Role in speech perception.

23
Q

Episodic memory

A

‘Episodes’ of your life. Like a diary. Key events like your 7th birthday party.

24
Q

Semantic memory

A

Mental thesaurus. Science and maths info etc.

25
Q

Procedural memory

A

Knowledge of how to do things. Riding a bike. Making a cup of tea.

26
Q

Episodic and semantic systems are

A

Separate systems

27
Q

What determines how well we remember something over the long term

A

The deeper or more elaborate the processing is

28
Q

Consolidation

A

Process which ‘fixes’ info in long term memory

29
Q

Hippocampus

A

Plays role in consolidation in binding together various attributes of episodic memory which are separately stored in neocortex

30
Q

Amygdala

A

Important for emotional and fear memory

31
Q

Basil ganglia

A

Involved in motor memory and associative learning

32
Q

Frontal lobes

A

Left prefrontal cortex for encoding, right prefrontal cortex for recall

33
Q

Three threats to memory

A
  • decay
  • displacement
  • interference