Testing & Individual Differences Flashcards
Intelligence
Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience , solve problems , & use knowledge to adapt to new situations
Intelligence test
A method for assessing an individuals mental aptitudes & comparing them w those of others , using numerical scores
General intelligence
A general intelligence factor that , according to spearman & others underlies specific mental abilities & is there fore measured by every task on an intelligence test
Factor analysis
A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test ; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlies a person score
Savant syndrome
A condition in which a person other wise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill , such as drawing
Grit
Is a passion & perseverance in the pursuit of long term goals
Emotional intelligence
The ability to perceive , understand , manage , & use emotions
Spear man general intelligence
Basic intelligence predicts our abilities to varied academic areas
S : different abilities , verbal
Considerations : human abilities too diverse to be encapsulated by one factor
Thur stone primary mental abilities
Our intelligence may be broken down into seven factors
S : a single g score is not as informative as scores for seven primary mental abilities
Considerations : show a tend to cluster
Gardner multiple intelligences
Our abilities are best classified into eight independent intelligence ; which include a broad range of skills
S : more than just skills ; other abolish are important
Considerations : should our abilities be considered intelligences ?
Sternberg triarchic theory
Our intelligence is best classified into three areas that predict real word success : analytical , creative , & practical
S : reliably measured
Considerations : less independent , may actually share an underlying g factor
Mental age
A measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet ; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance
Stanford Binet
The widely used American revision of Binet original intelligence test
Achievement test
A test designed to asses what a person has learned
Aptitude test
A test designed to predict a persons future performance
Capacity to learn
Wechsler adult intelligence scale
The most widely used intelligence test contains verbal and performance subtestp
Standardization
Defining uniform testing procedures meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pre-tested group
Reliability
The extent to which a test yields consistent results as assessed by the consistency of scores on tao halves of the test , on alternate forms of the test
Validity
The extent to which a test measure or predicts what it is suppose to
Content validity
The extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest
Predictive validity
The success w which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict ; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test score & behavior
Cohort
A group of people from a given time period
Crystallized intelligence
Our accumulated knowledge& verbal skills ; tends to increase w age
Fluid intelligence
Our ability to reason speedily & abstractly ; tends to decrease during late adult hood
