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AP Psych > 3 Molecules Of Unit 1 > Flashcards

3 Molecules Of Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Empiricism

A

Knowledge originates in experience and that science should rely on observation ( Bacon & Locke )

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2
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

Established the first psychology lab in Germany ( father or psych )

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3
Q

Edward Bradford Titchener

A

Used introspection to search for the mind’s structural elements

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4
Q

Structuralism

A

used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind

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5
Q

Functionalism

A

Early school of thought ; explores how mental and behavioral processes function

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6
Q

Margaret Floy Washburn

A

First woman to receive psych PHD & studied animal behavior research

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7
Q

William James & Mary Calkins

A

James taught Calkins . He mentored her to become a pioneering researcher & first president of APA

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8
Q

Experimental psychology

A

The study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method

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9
Q

John Watson & Rosalie Rayner

A

Watson championed psych as the science of behavior and demonstrated conditioned responses on a baby ( Little Albert )

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10
Q

Behaviorism

A

Psych should ….

1) Be an objective science
2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes

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11
Q

Humanistic psych

A

We choose most of our behaviors and these choices are guided by physiological emotional & spiritual needs ( free will ) ( Abraham Maslow & carl rogers )

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12
Q

Cognitive neuroscience

A

The study of the brain linked w cognition

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13
Q

Psychology

A

The science of behavior and mental processes

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14
Q

What were the two early schools of psychology ?

A

Structuralism & functionalism

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15
Q

The change of definition of psych

A

The definition of psych went from science of mental life to science of behavior and mental processes

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16
Q

Which philosopher proposed that nerve pathways allowed for reflexes ?

A

Descartes

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17
Q

Who coined their term blank slate to help explain the impact experience has on shaping a person ?

A

Locke

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18
Q

Best description of Wundt first lab

A

Measuring the reaction time bwt hearing a sound pressing a button

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19
Q

Watson would agree w …

A

Psych should focus on observable behavior

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20
Q

Ancient Hebrews , Socrates , Plato , Aristotle pondered..

A

Whether the mind and body are connected or distinct & whether human ideas are innate or result from experience

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21
Q

Important milestones in psych development

A

Wundt first lab in 1879

Two early schools of psych were structuralism & functionalism

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22
Q

Who promoted structuralism ?

A

Wundt & titchner

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23
Q

Who promoted functionalism

A

James

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24
Q

Introspection

A

Looking inward , training ppl to report element s of their experiences

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25
Why didn't introspection work ?
It required smart verbal people Proved unreliable results that vary from person to person Structuralism died down
26
Freudian psychology
Emphasized the ways our unconscious thought processes and emotional responses to childhood experiences affect our behavior
27
Rebellion of second group of psychologists during the 1960s is known as..
The cognitive revolution
28
Behavior
Anything a organism does
29
Mental processes
Internal , subjective , experiences we infer from behavior
30
The APA has formed
54 divisions
31
Work settings for psychologists include
A wide range of government agencies , industrial and businesses settings , clinics , health cares
32
What do psychologists most strongly emphasize that human behavior is powerfully influenced by the interaction of people and their social & political environments
Community
33
What do psychologists most likely investigate biologically , psychologically , cognitive , & social changes over time
Developmental
34
A psychologist investigates the methods teachers use to enhance learning, what subdield is the psychologist most aligned w
Educational psychology
35
Basic research
Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base
36
Health psychologist
Helping people make good decisions regarding their physical well being
37
Developmental psychology
A branch of psychology that studies physical , cognitive , and social change throughout life span
38
Educational psychology
The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning
39
Personality psychology
The study of an individual characteristic pattern of thinking feeling and acting
40
Social psychology
The scientific study of how we think about , influence and relate to one another
41
Applied research
Scientific research that aims to solve practical problems
42
Industrial organizational psychology
The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior In workplaces
43
Human factors psychology
A subfield that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be made safe and easy to use
44
Counseling psychology
A branch that assists people w problems in living and achieving a greater well being
45
Clinical psychology
A branch that studies , assesses , and treat people with disorders
46
Psychiatry
A branch of medicine to deal w disorders ; practiced by physicians
47
Positive psychology
The study of how human functioning , w the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities thrive
48
Community psychology
That studies how people interact w social environments and how social institutions affect individuals and groups
49
Perspective that addresses how the storing and retrieval of info might alter our thoughts
Cognitive
50
Who would most likely study the interaction of people machines and physical environments ?
Human factors psychologists
51
Psychiatrists differ from psychologists bc
They are medical doctors licensed to prescribe medication
52
A humanistic psychologist working w some poets might ask...
How can we get them to reach their highest potential ?
53
Industrial organizational psychologist
Plans training sessions , recruits people to work for the company, and implements techniques to boost morale around the office
54
Biopsychology
Explain human behavior in terms of biological processes including genes , hormones , brain , drugs
55
Psychometrics
The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities , attitudes , and traits
56
Psychodynamic psychology
A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior and uses that info to treat people
57
Nature nurture issue
Longstanding disagreement over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors
58
Natural selection
The principle that among the range of inherited trait variations , those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on
59
Charles Darwin
Argued that natural selection shapes behaviors as well as bodies
60
Behavioral perspective
The study of observable behavior and explanation by principles of learning ( REWARDS )
61
Biological psychology
The study of the links bwt biological and psychological processes
62
Cognitive psychology
Explain human behavior ; Terms of how we interpret , process , & remember environmental events
63
Evolutionary psychology
The study of evolution of behavior and mind using principles of natural selection
64
Social cultural psychology
The study of how situations and culture affect our behaviors & thinking
65
What is psych biggest historic issue ?
Nature nuture issue - focuses on the contributions of genes & experience Darwins view that natural selection shapes behaviors as well as bodies
66
Experimental psychologists
Who investigate a variety of basic behavioral processes in humans and animals
67
Forensic psychologists
They conduct research on the interface of law and psych , to help create public polices related to mental health
68
Rehabilitation psychologists
Work w people who have lost optimal functioning after an accident or illness
69
Psychoanalytic perspective
Believe that the unconscious mind controls or our thought & action
70
Evolutionary perspective
Examine human behavior in terms of natural selection & survival Charles Darwin
71
Psychiatry
The study of mental disorders & can prescribe medicine
72
G Stanley hall
First lab at Hopkins First American psych journal Student of Wundt

AP Psych (17 decks)

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