Testing and Individual Differences Flashcards
standardized
tested on a standardization sample and made to fit norms
standardization samples
a group of people representative of the people who normally will take the test
reliability
results are consistent; can be duplicated
split-half reliability
test is split into two, each half is tested, if the scores are consistent, then the test is reliable (the closer the correlation is to +1, the more reliable)
equivalent-form reliability
correlation between performance on different forms of the test
test-retest reliability
correlation between a person’s score on one administration of the test with the same person’s score on a subsequent administration of the test
valid
measures what it’s supposed to measure, accurate
face validity
if it looks like it works
content validity
how well a measure reflects the entire range of material it’s supposed to be testing
concurrent validity
measures how much of a characteristic a person has now
predictive validity
measures future performance
construct validity
correlates the new test with another already-proved-to-be-valid test
aptitude test
test that measures ability or potential
achievement test
test that measures what one has accomplished or learned
speed test
large number of questions asked in a short amount of time, insufficient time is given
power test
questions are asked in increasing difficulty level, sufficient time is given
group test
test administered to a large group of people, less expensive, more objective
individual test
test administered on a one-on-one basis, more expensive, less objective
intelligence
the ability to gather and use information in productive ways
fluid intelligence
the ability to solve abstract problems and pick up new information and skills, seems to decrease over time
crystallized intelligence
the ability to use knowledge accumulated over time, seems to stay the same or increase over time
Charles Spearman
intelligence theorist
L.L. Thurstone
primary mental ability theory has seven main abilities: verbal comprehension, word fluency, number facility, spatial visualization, associative memory, perceptual speed and reasoning
J.P. Guilford
primary mental ability theory has well over 100 different abilities
