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AP Psychology > Important Psychologists > Flashcards

Important Psychologists Flashcards

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1
Q

Mary Ainsworth

A

Developmental Psychology

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2
Q

Solomon Asch

A

Social Psychology

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3
Q

Albert Bandura

A

Learning and Personality

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4
Q

Alfred Binet

A

Developmental Psychology, and Testing and Individual Differences

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5
Q

Noam Chomsky

A

Cognition

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6
Q

Erik Erikson

A

Developmental Psychology

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7
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

Personality and States of Consciousness

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8
Q

Carol Gilligan

A

Developmental Psychology

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9
Q

Henry Harlow

A

Developmental Psychology

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10
Q

David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel

A

Sensation and Perception

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11
Q

William James

A

Methods, Approaches, and History

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12
Q

Lawrence Kohlberg

A

Developmental Psychology

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13
Q

Elizabeth Loftus

A

Cognition

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14
Q

Abraham Maslow

A

Motivation and Emotion, and Treatment of Psychological Disorders

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15
Q

Stanley Milgram

A

Social Psychology

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16
Q

Ivan Pavlov

A

Learning

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17
Q

Jean Piaget

A

Developmental Psychology

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18
Q

Robert Rescorla

A

Learning

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19
Q

Carl Rogers

A

Treatment of Psychological Disorders and Personality

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20
Q

Stanley Schacter

A

Motivation and Emotion

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21
Q

B.F. Skinner

A

Learning

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22
Q

John Watson

A

Learning

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23
Q

Benjamin Whorf

A

Cognition

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24
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

set up the first psychological laboratory in an apartment near the university at Leipzig, Germany

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25
Q

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT or RET)

A

Cognitive behavioral therapy developed by Albert Ellis. Therapists look to expose and confront the dysfunctional thoughts of their clients.

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26
Q

cognitive therapy

A

developed by Aaron Beck, usually used in treatment of depression, involves trying to get clients to engage in pursuits that will bring them success

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27
Q

cognitive triad

A

theorized by Aaron Beck

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28
Q

family therapy

A

a type of group therapy used to treat families

29
Q

self-help groups

A

a type of group therapy that does not involve a therapist

30
Q

psychopharmacology/chemotherapy

A

the use of drugs to treat psychological problems

31
Q

antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics)

A

block the receptor sites for dopamine, used to treat schizophrenia, may result in tardive dyskinesia

32
Q

tardive dyskinesia

A

Parkinsonian-like, chronic muscle tremors

33
Q

drugs used to treat unipolar depression

A

tricyclic antidepressants, monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, and serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor drugs (Prozac) which all tend to increase the activity of serotonin

34
Q

lithium

A

a metal used to trea the manic phase of bipolar disorder

35
Q

drugs used to treat anxiety disorders

A

barbiturates (Miltown) and benzodiazepines (Xanax and Valium)

36
Q

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

when an electric current is passed through one (unilateral ECT) or both (bilateral ECT) hemispheres of the brain

37
Q

psychosurgery

A

the purposeful destruction of part of the brain to alter a person’s behavior

38
Q

prefrontal lobotomy

A

a type of psychosurgery

39
Q

psychiatrists

A

medical doctors and are the only therapists permitted to prescribe medication

40
Q

clinical psychologists

A

psychologists with a Ph. D. and specialize in research, assessment, and therapy

41
Q

counseling psychologists

A

psychologists with a graduate degree in psychology and treat less severe problems than clinical psychologists do

42
Q

psychoanalysts

A

people trained specifically in Freudian methods who may or may not hold medical degrees

43
Q

paraphilia

A

the sexual attraction to an object, person, or activity not usually seen as sexual

44
Q

fetishism

A

paraphilia

45
Q

pedophilia

A

paraphilia

46
Q

zoophilia

A

paraphilia

47
Q

voyeur

A

paraphilia

48
Q

masochist

A

paraphilia

49
Q

sadist

A

paraphilia

50
Q

antisocial personality disorder

A

little regard for other people’s feelings

51
Q

dependent personality disorder

A

rely too much on the attention and help of others

52
Q

paranoid personality disorder

A

feel persecuted

53
Q

narcissistic personality disorder

A

seeing oneself as the center of the universe

54
Q

histronic personality disorder

A

overly dramatic behavior

55
Q

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

A

overly concerned with certain thoughts and performing certain behaviors, but not to the point of obsessive compulsive disorder

56
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

eating disorder

57
Q

bulimia

A

eating disorder

58
Q

substance use disorder

A

regular and negative use of alcohol or other drugs that alter behavior

59
Q

substance dependence

A

addiction

60
Q

autism

A

developmental disorder

61
Q

attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

A

developmental disorder

62
Q

Rosenhan Study

A

study in which healthy individuals were admitted into mental hospitals after saying they were hearing voices. Once in, they acted normally and still were not labeled as impostors.

63
Q

preconventional

A

reasoning limited to how things affect themselves

64
Q

conventional

A

choice based on how others will view them

65
Q

postconventional

A

examines rights and values involved in choice

66
Q

Criticisms of Lawrence Kohlberg

A

Carol Gilligan noted that his research was based on boys, her research showed that boys and girls had different moral attitudes, but was later disproved

67
Q

biopsychological (neuropsychological) theory of gender development

A

studies demonstrate that biological differences do exist between the sexes

68
Q

psychodynamic theory of gender development

A

gender development is a competition for your opposite sex parent, when you realize you can’t win, you imitate your same-sex parent

69
Q

social-cognitive theory of gender development

A

effects of society and thoughs about gender on role development

AP Psychology (15 decks)

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