Test2: Wk5: 3 Body fluid compartments - Mangiarua

Question 1

Total body water %

Answer 1

45-75% weight in Kg

Question 2

TBW is — proportional to age

Answer 2

inversely

younger = more water

Question 3

TBW is — related to body weight

Answer 3

inversely

more fat = less water

Question 4

TBW is — in adult females compared to males

Answer 4

lower

Question 5

70kg male has — L of TBW

Answer 5

42

Question 6

% TBW males

% TBW females

Answer 6

60%

50%

Question 7

TBW is distributed among what 3 major compartments

Answer 7

1 Blood Plasma
2 Interstitial Fluid
3 Intracellular Fluid

Question 8

Intracellular fluid is % of body weight and — of TBW

Answer 8

40% body weight

2/3 TBW

Question 9

Plasma and ISF separated by

Answer 9

capillaries

Question 10

Plasma and ISF make up

Answer 10

ECF

Question 11

ECF is % of body weight and — of TBW

Answer 11

20% body weight

1/2 TBW

Question 12

ECF and ICF are separated by

Answer 12

cellular membranes

Question 13

the fourth small compartment

Answer 13

transcellular fluid compartment

Question 14

transcellular fluid compartment is % of TBW

Answer 14

2-4%

Question 15

transcellular fluid compartment consists of

Answer 15

fluid in transit in the lumina of epithelial organs

• gallbladder
• stomach
• intestines
• bladder
• CSF
• intraocular fluid

Question 16

what 4 organs communicate ECF with external environement

Answer 16

1 Alimentary canal
2 lungs
3 kidneys
4 skin

Question 17

major ECF ions

Answer 17

Na and Cl

Question 18

Major ICF ions

Answer 18

K

Question 19

osmolarity =

Answer 19

2(Na) + (glucose/18) + (BUN/2.8)

Question 20

osmolarity of plasma, ISK, and ICF =

Answer 20

295 mOsm/L

Question 21

ECF pH

Answer 21

7.4

Question 22

ICF pH

Answer 22

7.1

Question 23

volume of distribution equation

Answer 23

V=(Q-q) / C

Question 24

Concentration equation

Answer 24

mass / volume

Question 25

Determination of Plasma volume

Answer 25

serum albumin labeled with radioactive iodine - does not permeate capillary walls and stays in plasma

Question 26

Determination of ECF volume

Answer 26

inulin | can permeate capillary walls but not cell membranes

Question 27

determination of total body water

Answer 27

antipyrine | rapidly permeate cell membranes and distributes uniformly throughout ECF and ICF

Question 28

5 factors that can cause extracellular and intracellular volume to change

Answer 28

``` 1 water 2 dehydration 3 IV infusion 4 LOF fluid from GI 5 Abnormal sweating or LOF fluid in kidneys ```

Question 29

administration of 1.5 Liters will increase ECF by --- liters because

Answer 29

1.5 NaCl does not penetrate ICF and there is no osmotic gradient

Question 30

ECF can become hyperosmotc by 2 ways

Answer 30

water loss and Na retention

Question 31

Hypernatremia usually seen in

Answer 31

Hypernatremia usually seen in adults with diminished mental status, patients with hypodipsia, or infants with intact thirst mechanism but cannot ask for water.

Question 32

Common causes of decreased ADH secretion (3)

Answer 32

head trauma, hypoxic or ischemic | encephalopathy.

Question 33

3 Symptoms of hyperosmolarity (hypernatremia) are primarily neurologic:

Answer 33

1) Early signs: lethargy, weakness, irritability. 2) Symptoms progress to: twitching, seizures, coma, and death. 3) Symptoms related to the movement of water out of brain cells down the osmotic gradient created by the rise in effective plasma osmolarity.

Question 34

4 Common causes of increased ADH secretion

Answer 34

neuropsychiatric disorders, | drugs, pulmonary disease, or postoperative patient.