Test 2: Wk8: 2 Integrated control of the cardiovascular-renal system - Puri Flashcards
ECF Na concentration doesn’t change if
ADH work and water access is available
Na retention =
water retention
Na intake affects plasma Na
only briefly
Osmolarity and Na are rapidly restored to normal values if
the pt has free access to water
excess dietary Na will lead to
water gain
Na deficient diet will lead to
water excretion
at steady state Na intake =
Na excretion
— to — hrs for kidney to recognize change in Na
48-96hrs
Na balance influence (3 things)
ECF Vol
CO
BP
— signals adequacy of Na balance
Effective Circulating Volume
effective circulating volume cannot be identified anatomically. Rather, it is a — that reflects the extent of tissue perfusion in specific regions
functional blood volume
patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or liver
cirrhosis, total ECF volume is grossly expanded (e.g., edema or ascites). In
contrast, the effective circulating volume is low, resulting in —
Na+ retention
Low Circulation ➡ — ➡ — Repeat
Low circulation ➡ More Na ➡ More ECF ➡ repeat
Four systems act in concert to regulate Na+ balance
1.Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System 2.Sympathetic Nervous System 3.Arginine Vasopressin (ADH) 4.Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
ANP responds to
lack of Na
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus
has two components
- Macula Densa in TAL
2. AA Juxtaglomerular cells that secrete renin
Renin Synthesis is a Balance of Four Systems
- NKCC2 in TAL
- SNS in AA on Beta1 Receptors
- Ca release from stretching of AA
- AT1-R on AA
↑ Renin Synthesis NKCC2 (5)
- ↓Blood pressure→ ↓RBF→ ↓GFR→ ↓ Na filtration
- ↓Dietary Na→ ↓ECF volume→ ↓Renal flow
- ↓Cardiac output→ ↓RBF→ ↓GFR
- ↓RBF→ ↓GFR
- ↑Na resorption in the PCT
↑ Renin Synthesis Beta1 Receptor (3)
1.↓Blood pressure→ ↑SNS activity
2.↓Dietary Na→ ↓ECF volume→
↓Blood pressure
3.↓Cardiac output→ ↓Blood pressure
↑ Renin Synthesis Ca (1)
1.↓Blood pressure→ ↓Stretch of the
AA
— is the rate limiting step in synthesis of ANG II
Renin
5 things increase Renin secretion
⬇ Na ⬇ ECF ⬇ MAP ⬇ RPF ⬇ GFR
Short Feedback loop
ANG II feedback inhibition on ANGII
Long Loop Feedback
increased GFR and NaCl at MD prevent reabsorption of NaCl at MD