Test 3: Wk11: 3 Histology of Pulmonary Surfaces - Dougherty Flashcards
1
Q
Lobes of right lung
A
superior
middle
inferior
2
Q
lobes of left lung
A
superior
inferior
3
Q
Fissures of right lung
A
horizontal
oblique
4
Q
Fissures of left lung
A
oblique
5
Q
what are the 3 nasal cavaties
A
- Nasal Vestibule
- Internal Nasal Cavity
- Sinuses
6
Q
what creates the 2 chambers of the internal nasal cavity
A
nasal septum midline
7
Q
what is the nasal septum made of
A
hyaline cartilage and bone
8
Q
internal nasal cavity bones
A
conchae or turbinate bones
9
Q
where does skin of nose enter the nasal cavity
A
nares
10
Q
nasal vestibule contains (2)
A
vibrissae
glands
11
Q
Vibrissae are — and do what
A
nasal hairs
filter
12
Q
2 Glands of the nasal vestibule
A
Sebaceous glands
sweat glands
13
Q
where does keratinized squamous epithelium transition to respiratory epithelium
A
Nasal Vestibule
14
Q
In the internal nasal cavity — covers all but the roof and superior concha
A
respiratory epithelium
15
Q
The respiratory epithelium in the internal nasal cavity is made of - - - epithelium
A
ciliated pseudostratified epithelium
16
Q
plasma cells in the lamina propria of the internal nasal cavity make
A
IgA
17
Q
the submucosa of the internal nasal cavity contains — and — glands
A
mucous
seromucous
18
Q
Respiratory Epithelium - Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells contain what 5 cell types
A
- Ciliated Columnar Cells
- Goblet Cells
- Brush Cells
- Small Granule Cells
- Basal Cells
19
Q
— cells produce mucin glycoproteins
A
goblet
20
Q
— cells are chemosensory receptors and have sparse blunt microvilli
A
Brush cells
21
Q
— also called Kulchitsky Cells are diffuse neuroendocrine system cells
A
small granule cells
22
Q
— cells are mitotically active progenitor and stem cells
A
basal cells
23
Q
cilia are made of — containing — sets
A
peripheral microtubule doublets
9 sets
24
Q
the axoneme of cilia is the
A
two center microtubules
25
Dynein forms what on cilia
arms extending from doublets
26
Olfactory Epithelium is pseudostratified contain what 3 cells
1. Olfactory neurons
2. Supporting Cells
3. Basal Cells
27
Olfactory epithelium olfactory neurons are --- neurons
bipolar
28
What is the luminal pole of olfactory neurons
a dendrite with enlarged long non-motile cilia with chemoreceptors
29
the axons of olfactory neurons coalesce to form small nerves passing through the --- to the ---
cribriform plate to the olfactory bulb
30
Supporting cells of olfactory neurons function is ---
| they contain ---
unclear
| contain microvilli
31
Olfactory Glands in the olfactory epithelium are --- glands responsible for ---
serous glands responsible for constant fluid flow
32
Paranasal sinuses are lined by --- respiratory epithelium with fewer --- cells
thinner
goblet
33
The paranasal sinuses have a thin lamina propria between --- and ---
epithelium and bone
34
Glands of the paranasal sinuses are --- in number
few
35
the 3 parts of the pharynx are
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx/ hypopharynx
36
the nasopharynx is made of (60%) --- mucosa and (40%) --- mucosa
respiratory
squamous
37
the nasopharynx contains what 3 structures
Pharyngeal tonsil
auditory tube opening
seromucous glands
38
the oropharynx contains what 2 structures
Palatine Tonsils
Seromucous Glands
39
Oropharynx is contains --- mucosa
squamous
40
Laryngopharynx contains --- mucosa
squamous
41
The larynx contains what 2 types of cartilage and 1 bone
Hyaline cartilage
Elastic Cartilage
Hyoid Bone
42
Hylanine cartilage of the larynx contains 3 structures
thyroid
cricoid
inferior arytenoid cartilages
43
Elastic cartilage of the larynx contains what 4 structures
epiglottis
coniform
corniculate
superior arytenoid cartilage
44
The upper/ anterior lingual surface is made of --- --- epithelium
stratified squamous
45
the lower laryngeal surface is the transition to --- epithelium
respiratory
46
in the larynx respiratory epithelium covers all but the --- and ---
lingual epiglottis and vocal cords
47
Epiglottis lingual surface, portion of laryngeal surface and vocal cords have --- --- epithelium
stratified squamous
48
the vocalis muscle of the larynx is comprised of
skeletal muscle
49
the larynx contains --- glands
seromucous
50
the trachea is lined with --- epithelium
respiratory
51
the trachea contains 16-20 c-shaped --- --- rings
hyaline cartilage rings
52
what muscle bridges between the ends of cartilage in the trachea
trachealis muscle
53
what tissue separates the cartilage rings of the trachea
Fibroelastic tissue
54
--- is the outside covering of the tracheal
adventitia
55
Primary bronchi enter lung hilum with ---
vessels
56
Secondary lobular bronchi enter pulmonary lobes
| how many right? how many left?
3 right, 2 left
57
--- bronchi is the bronchopulmonary segment of the bronchial tree
tertiary segmental bronchi
58
bronchioles end where
in pulmonary lobule
59
how many terminal bronchioles are in each lobe
5-7
60
the lumen of bronchi --- with each branch
decreases
61
Primary Bronchi contain rings of cartilage. As they branch to smaller sizes, what happens to the cartilage rings
gradually replaced by plates of cartilage
62
The smooth muscle of bronchi is --- arranged in the ---
spirally
lamina propria
63
Bronchi contain --- fibers
elastic
64
Bronchioles contain no
gland or cartilage
65
Bronchioles are intralobular airways with a diameter
less than/ equal to 1mm
66
Bronchioles are contain of what kind of muscle
smooth
67
bronchioles contain --- fibers
elastic
68
Bronchioles transition over distance from --- --- --- epithelium to --- epithelium
ciliated simple columnar
cuboidal
69
Terminal bronchiole epithelium transitions from --- epithelium to --- cells
respiratory to club cells
70
club cells of terminal bronchioles are made of --- --- epithelium? do they have cilia
cuboidal simple epithelium
no cilia
71
club cells of terminal bronchioles have a --- cytoplasm
granular
72
club cells of terminal bronchioles have what 2 exocrine functions
make surfactant
Secretory component for IgA
73
club cells of terminal bronchioles perform detoxification by
P450 in SER
74
club cells of terminal bronchioles have --- enzymes
antibacterial/ ativiral
75
Terminal bronchiole epithelium consist of what 4 cells
1. club cells
2. stem cells
3. Brush Cells
4. DNES Small Granular Cells
76
the lamina propria of the terminal bronchioles contains (3)
SMCs
Autonomic Nerve Fibers
Elastic Fibers
77
--- is the smallest anatomic subunit bound by connective tissue
Pulmonary Lobule
78
how many Respiratory Bronchioles per terminal bronchiole
2-3
79
Respiratory Bronchioles resemble terminal bronchioles but have
sac-like alveoli in walls
80
Alveolar Ducts are lined by
openings of alvoli
81
Alveolar Ducts are lined by --- --- epithelium (same as alveoli)
attenuated squamous epithelium
82
Alveolar ducts have --- around each alveolar opening
smooth muscle
83
Alveolar Sacs are clusters of
alveoli
84
the thin lamina propria of alveolar sacs is mostly comprised of --- and --- fibers
elastic and reticulin
85
do alveolar sacs have smooth muscle
no
86
Alveolar sacs have a prominent
capillary network
87
Alveoli size
200 um
88
interalveolar Septa of alveoli contain ---
fibroblasts
89
interalveolar Septa of alveoli contain --- and --- fibers
elastic and reticular
90
interalveolar Septa of alveoli are rich in
capillaries
91
Alveolar pores connect
neighboring alveoli from different bronchioles
92
what equalizes pressure btwn alveoli
Alveolar pores
93
--- allows for collateral flow of air if a bronchiole is obstructed
alveolar pores
94
--- separates blood from air
alveolar respiratory membrane Blood-air barrier
95
3 components of the alveolar respiratory membrane
2-3 thin alveolar lining cells
fused basal lamina btwn layers
thin capillary endothelium
96
Type I alveolar cells are
attenuated cells lining surface
97
--- make up 95% of alveolar lining
Type I alveolar cells
98
Type I and Type II alveolar cells have --- and --- to prevent leakage
desmosome and tight junctions
99
Type II alveolar cells (septal Cells) are
cuboidal
100
Type II alveolar cells contains --- bodies
lamellar
101
Lamellar bodies of Type II alveolar cells secrete
pulmonary surfactant
102
most Alveolar macrophages (dust cells) are removed by
mucocilary apparatus
