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BMS 615 Cardiovascular > Test 3: Wk11: 3 Histology of Pulmonary Surfaces - Dougherty > Flashcards

Test 3: Wk11: 3 Histology of Pulmonary Surfaces - Dougherty Flashcards

1
Q

Lobes of right lung

A

superior

middle

inferior

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2
Q

lobes of left lung

A

superior

inferior

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3
Q

Fissures of right lung

A

horizontal

oblique

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4
Q

Fissures of left lung

A

oblique

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5
Q

what are the 3 nasal cavaties

A
  1. Nasal Vestibule
  2. Internal Nasal Cavity
  3. Sinuses
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6
Q

what creates the 2 chambers of the internal nasal cavity

A

nasal septum midline

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7
Q

what is the nasal septum made of

A

hyaline cartilage and bone

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8
Q

internal nasal cavity bones

A

conchae or turbinate bones

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9
Q

where does skin of nose enter the nasal cavity

A

nares

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10
Q

nasal vestibule contains (2)

A

vibrissae

glands

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11
Q

Vibrissae are — and do what

A

nasal hairs

filter

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12
Q

2 Glands of the nasal vestibule

A

Sebaceous glands

sweat glands

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13
Q

where does keratinized squamous epithelium transition to respiratory epithelium

A

Nasal Vestibule

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14
Q

In the internal nasal cavity — covers all but the roof and superior concha

A

respiratory epithelium

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15
Q

The respiratory epithelium in the internal nasal cavity is made of - - - epithelium

A

ciliated pseudostratified epithelium

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16
Q

plasma cells in the lamina propria of the internal nasal cavity make

A

IgA

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17
Q

the submucosa of the internal nasal cavity contains — and — glands

A

mucous

seromucous

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18
Q

Respiratory Epithelium - Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells contain what 5 cell types

A
  1. Ciliated Columnar Cells
  2. Goblet Cells
  3. Brush Cells
  4. Small Granule Cells
  5. Basal Cells
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19
Q

— cells produce mucin glycoproteins

A

goblet

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20
Q

— cells are chemosensory receptors and have sparse blunt microvilli

A

Brush cells

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21
Q

— also called Kulchitsky Cells are diffuse neuroendocrine system cells

A

small granule cells

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22
Q

— cells are mitotically active progenitor and stem cells

A

basal cells

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23
Q

cilia are made of — containing — sets

A

peripheral microtubule doublets

9 sets

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24
Q

the axoneme of cilia is the

A

two center microtubules

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25
Q

Dynein forms what on cilia

A

arms extending from doublets

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26
Q

Olfactory Epithelium is pseudostratified contain what 3 cells

A
  1. Olfactory neurons
  2. Supporting Cells
  3. Basal Cells
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27
Q

Olfactory epithelium olfactory neurons are — neurons

A

bipolar

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28
Q

What is the luminal pole of olfactory neurons

A

a dendrite with enlarged long non-motile cilia with chemoreceptors

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29
Q

the axons of olfactory neurons coalesce to form small nerves passing through the — to the —

A

cribriform plate to the olfactory bulb

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30
Q

Supporting cells of olfactory neurons function is —

they contain —

A

unclear

contain microvilli

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31
Q

Olfactory Glands in the olfactory epithelium are — glands responsible for —

A

serous glands responsible for constant fluid flow

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32
Q

Paranasal sinuses are lined by — respiratory epithelium with fewer — cells

A

thinner

goblet

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33
Q

The paranasal sinuses have a thin lamina propria between — and —

A

epithelium and bone

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34
Q

Glands of the paranasal sinuses are — in number

A

few

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35
Q

the 3 parts of the pharynx are

A

Nasopharynx

Oropharynx

Laryngopharynx/ hypopharynx

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36
Q

the nasopharynx is made of (60%) — mucosa and (40%) — mucosa

A

respiratory

squamous

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37
Q

the nasopharynx contains what 3 structures

A

Pharyngeal tonsil

auditory tube opening

seromucous glands

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38
Q

the oropharynx contains what 2 structures

A

Palatine Tonsils

Seromucous Glands

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39
Q

Oropharynx is contains — mucosa

A

squamous

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40
Q

Laryngopharynx contains — mucosa

A

squamous

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41
Q

The larynx contains what 2 types of cartilage and 1 bone

A

Hyaline cartilage

Elastic Cartilage

Hyoid Bone

42
Q

Hylanine cartilage of the larynx contains 3 structures

A

thyroid

cricoid

inferior arytenoid cartilages

43
Q

Elastic cartilage of the larynx contains what 4 structures

A

epiglottis

coniform

corniculate

superior arytenoid cartilage

44
Q

The upper/ anterior lingual surface is made of — — epithelium

A

stratified squamous

45
Q

the lower laryngeal surface is the transition to — epithelium

A

respiratory

46
Q

in the larynx respiratory epithelium covers all but the — and —

A

lingual epiglottis and vocal cords

47
Q

Epiglottis lingual surface, portion of laryngeal surface and vocal cords have — — epithelium

A

stratified squamous

48
Q

the vocalis muscle of the larynx is comprised of

A

skeletal muscle

49
Q

the larynx contains — glands

A

seromucous

50
Q

the trachea is lined with — epithelium

A

respiratory

51
Q

the trachea contains 16-20 c-shaped — — rings

A

hyaline cartilage rings

52
Q

what muscle bridges between the ends of cartilage in the trachea

A

trachealis muscle

53
Q

what tissue separates the cartilage rings of the trachea

A

Fibroelastic tissue

54
Q

— is the outside covering of the tracheal

A

adventitia

55
Q

Primary bronchi enter lung hilum with —

A

vessels

56
Q

Secondary lobular bronchi enter pulmonary lobes

how many right? how many left?

A

3 right, 2 left

57
Q

— bronchi is the bronchopulmonary segment of the bronchial tree

A

tertiary segmental bronchi

58
Q

bronchioles end where

A

in pulmonary lobule

59
Q

how many terminal bronchioles are in each lobe

A

5-7

60
Q

the lumen of bronchi — with each branch

A

decreases

61
Q

Primary Bronchi contain rings of cartilage. As they branch to smaller sizes, what happens to the cartilage rings

A

gradually replaced by plates of cartilage

62
Q

The smooth muscle of bronchi is — arranged in the —

A

spirally

lamina propria

63
Q

Bronchi contain — fibers

A

elastic

64
Q

Bronchioles contain no

A

gland or cartilage

65
Q

Bronchioles are intralobular airways with a diameter

A

less than/ equal to 1mm

66
Q

Bronchioles are contain of what kind of muscle

A

smooth

67
Q

bronchioles contain — fibers

A

elastic

68
Q

Bronchioles transition over distance from — — — epithelium to — epithelium

A

ciliated simple columnar

cuboidal

69
Q

Terminal bronchiole epithelium transitions from — epithelium to — cells

A

respiratory to club cells

70
Q

club cells of terminal bronchioles are made of — — epithelium? do they have cilia

A

cuboidal simple epithelium

no cilia

71
Q

club cells of terminal bronchioles have a — cytoplasm

A

granular

72
Q

club cells of terminal bronchioles have what 2 exocrine functions

A

make surfactant

Secretory component for IgA

73
Q

club cells of terminal bronchioles perform detoxification by

A

P450 in SER

74
Q

club cells of terminal bronchioles have — enzymes

A

antibacterial/ ativiral

75
Q

Terminal bronchiole epithelium consist of what 4 cells

A
  1. club cells
  2. stem cells
  3. Brush Cells
  4. DNES Small Granular Cells
76
Q

the lamina propria of the terminal bronchioles contains (3)

A

SMCs

Autonomic Nerve Fibers

Elastic Fibers

77
Q

— is the smallest anatomic subunit bound by connective tissue

A

Pulmonary Lobule

78
Q

how many Respiratory Bronchioles per terminal bronchiole

A

2-3

79
Q

Respiratory Bronchioles resemble terminal bronchioles but have

A

sac-like alveoli in walls

80
Q

Alveolar Ducts are lined by

A

openings of alvoli

81
Q

Alveolar Ducts are lined by — — epithelium (same as alveoli)

A

attenuated squamous epithelium

82
Q

Alveolar ducts have — around each alveolar opening

A

smooth muscle

83
Q

Alveolar Sacs are clusters of

A

alveoli

84
Q

the thin lamina propria of alveolar sacs is mostly comprised of — and — fibers

A

elastic and reticulin

85
Q

do alveolar sacs have smooth muscle

A

no

86
Q

Alveolar sacs have a prominent

A

capillary network

87
Q

Alveoli size

A

200 um

88
Q

interalveolar Septa of alveoli contain —

A

fibroblasts

89
Q

interalveolar Septa of alveoli contain — and — fibers

A

elastic and reticular

90
Q

interalveolar Septa of alveoli are rich in

A

capillaries

91
Q

Alveolar pores connect

A

neighboring alveoli from different bronchioles

92
Q

what equalizes pressure btwn alveoli

A

Alveolar pores

93
Q

— allows for collateral flow of air if a bronchiole is obstructed

A

alveolar pores

94
Q

— separates blood from air

A

alveolar respiratory membrane Blood-air barrier

95
Q

3 components of the alveolar respiratory membrane

A

2-3 thin alveolar lining cells

fused basal lamina btwn layers

thin capillary endothelium

96
Q

Type I alveolar cells are

A

attenuated cells lining surface

97
Q

— make up 95% of alveolar lining

A

Type I alveolar cells

98
Q

Type I and Type II alveolar cells have — and — to prevent leakage

A

desmosome and tight junctions

99
Q

Type II alveolar cells (septal Cells) are

A

cuboidal

100
Q

Type II alveolar cells contains — bodies

A

lamellar

101
Q

Lamellar bodies of Type II alveolar cells secrete

A

pulmonary surfactant

102
Q

most Alveolar macrophages (dust cells) are removed by

A

mucocilary apparatus

BMS 615 Cardiovascular (49 decks)

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