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Whisker-Biology > Test 9/12/16 > Flashcards

Test 9/12/16 Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe Eubacteria

A
  • Prokaryote
  • Unicellular
  • Photosynthetic
  • Chemosynthetic
  • Absorbs food
  • Has cell wall w/ peptidoglycan
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2
Q

Describe Archaebacteria

A
  • Prokaryotic
  • Unicellular
  • Photosynthetic
  • Can withstand harsh conditions
  • Absorbs food
  • Has cell well w/ peptidoglycan
  • Consists of ancient bacteria
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3
Q

Describe kingdom protista

A
  • Eukaryote
  • Unicellular and multicellular
  • COntains animal-like, plant like, and fungus like categories
  • Photosynthetic
  • Absorbs food
  • Cell wall w/cellulose
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4
Q

Describe kingdom fungi

A
  • Eukaryote
  • Unicellular and multicellular
  • Photosynthetic
  • Heterotrophic by absorption
  • Cell wall w/chitin
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5
Q

Describe kingdom plantae

A
  • Eukaryotic
  • Multicellular
  • Photosynthetic
  • Cell wall w/cellulose
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6
Q

Describe Kingdom Animalia

A
  • Eukaryote
  • Multicellular
  • Heterotrophic by consumption
  • No cell wall.
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7
Q

What does “archae” mean?

A

Ancient

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8
Q

Where do archaebacteria live?

A

Harsh environments, recently found to be in milder environments also

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9
Q

Do archaebacteria have peptidoglycan?

A

NO

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10
Q

What are the three categories of archaebacteria?

A

Methanogens, Extreme Halophiles, Thermoacidophiles

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11
Q

Describe Methanogens

A
  • convert H2 and CO2 to methane
  • Live in anaerobic conditions
  • They are found in bottoms of swamps, sewers, and intestinal tracts of humans (about 50%) and other animals such as cows.
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12
Q

Describe Extreme Halophiles

A
  • Salt loving
  • generate ATP from salt
  • Found in Great Salt Lake and Dead Sea
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13
Q

Describe Thermoacidophiles

A
  • Live in areas of extreme acid content and high temps

- Found in hot springs, volcanic vents, and cracks in the ocean floor

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14
Q

What are the 2 bacterial kingdoms?

A

Archaebacteria and Eubacteria

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15
Q

What does “Eu” mean

A

True

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16
Q

What is eubacteria cell wall made of?

A

Peptidoglycan

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17
Q

What is peptidoglycan

A

A sugar/protein molecule

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18
Q

Where can eubacteria be found?

A

in, ON and around us

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19
Q

What are the 6 bacterial shapes?

A
  • Rod shaped
  • Spherical shaped
  • Spiral shaped
  • Dip
  • Strep
  • Staph
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20
Q

What is “rod shaped” called

A

Bacilli

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21
Q

What is “spherical shaped” called

A

Cocci

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22
Q

What is “spiral shaped” called

A

Spirilla

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23
Q

What does “Dip” mean?

A

2

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24
Q

What does “strep” mean?

A

Chain

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25
Q

What does “staph” mean?

A

CLuster

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26
Q

What are the 2 types of gram stains?

A

Gram positive and gram negative

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27
Q

What does it mean to be “gram positive”?

A

Stain purple

-Have simpler cell walls, large amounts of peptidoglycan

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28
Q

What does it mean to be “gram negative?”

A
  • Stain red or pink
  • Have less peptidoglycan therefore have a more complex cell wall
  • Tend to be more deadly
  • Resistant to many antibiotics
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29
Q

How do bacteria reproduce?

A

Binary Fission

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30
Q

What is binary fission?

A

asexual reproduction that produces identical offspring

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31
Q

Define autotrohphs

A

obtain energy from sunlight of minerals (make own food)

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32
Q

Define Photoautotrophs

A

Obtain energy from sunlight

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33
Q

Define chemoautotrphs

A

Obtain enerhgy from minerals

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34
Q

Define heterotrophs

A

Obtain energy from organic matter

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35
Q

What are saprophytes?

A

They feed on dead and decaying material

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36
Q

Obligate aerobes

A

Must have oxygen

37
Q

Obligate anaerobes

A

cannot live in the presence of oxygen, it will kill them.

38
Q

Faculative anaaerobe

A

can live with or without oxygen

39
Q

Tell about non vascular plants

A
  • Do not have:
  • -Specialized transport tissue
  • –Roots, stems, or leaves
40
Q

What is an example of a non vascular plant?

A

Moss

41
Q

Tell about vascular plants

A
  • Have:
  • -true vascular tissue that allows rapid movement of water and substances
  • –true roots, stems and leaves
42
Q

What are the 2 types of vessels in plants?

A

Xylem and Phloem

43
Q

What does the Xylem do?

A

Transport water

44
Q

What does the Phloem do

A

Transports nutrients and sugars

45
Q

What are 2 types of seed bearing vascular plants

A

Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

46
Q

Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms

A

Gymno- produce seeds in cones, not enclosed in fruit

Angio-produce a flower and their seeds within a fruit

47
Q

Which plants are the majority of all on the earth?

A

Angiosperms

48
Q

What doe roots do?

A

Anchor, Absorb, and store

49
Q

What do stems do?

A

Support and transport

50
Q

What do leaves do?

A

Photosynthesis

51
Q

Pistil

A

All femail parts, consists of the Stigma, style and ovary

52
Q

Stigma

A

Top parts of the female parts; traps pollen

53
Q

Style

A

Tube below the stigma through which the pollen passes to get to the ovary

54
Q

Ovary

A

COntains the egg cells

55
Q

Stamen

A

Male part of the plant, consists of anther and filament

56
Q

Anther

A

Top of male part of the plant that makes and holds the pollen

57
Q

Filament

A

The stalk of the stamen

58
Q

Petal

A

Inside, usually brightly colored, surrounds reproductive parts, purpose is to attract insects and birds that aid in fertilization

59
Q

Sepal

A

outside, usually green, small, protects petals

60
Q

What 3 grousp are protists split into?

A
  • Animal like
  • Plant like
  • fungi like
61
Q

Animal like protists aka….

A

Protozoans

62
Q

Examples of animal like protists

A

Amoeba, paramecium

63
Q

Plant like protists aka….

A

Alga

64
Q

Examples of plant like protists

A

Giant kelp, green algae

65
Q

Example of fungus like protists

A

Slime mold, water mold

66
Q

How do fungi get their nutrition?

A

they feed on dead organisms (saprophytic) or absorb nutrients from living losts, causing harm(parasitic)

67
Q

Examples of fungi

A

Codyceps, infecting insects

68
Q

HOw do fungi reproduce?

A
  • Budding
  • Fragmentations
  • Spore productions
69
Q

Budding

A

Unicellular yeast bud off new cells

70
Q

Fragmentation

A

A fungus is physically broken apart and regenerates

71
Q

SPore production

A

many reproductive cells are formed and released

72
Q

Examples of fungi

A

Mushrooms, mold, yeast

73
Q

What classes are in phylum arthropoda

A

Crustacea

  • Arachnida
  • Insecta
  • Diplopoda
74
Q

Examples of organisms in class crustacea

A

Crab, lobster, shrimp

75
Q

Examples of organisms in class arachnida

A

Scorpion, Tick, Spider

76
Q

Examples of organisms in class insecta

A

Butterfly, beetle, honey bee

77
Q

Examples of organisms in class diplopoda

A

Millipedes

78
Q

Examples of orgainsms in class chilopoda

A

Centipedes

79
Q

What are all the classes of phylum chordata?

A

Chondrichthyes

  • osteichtytes
  • Amphibia
  • Reptilia
  • Aves
  • Mammalia
80
Q

What are ectotherms?

A

Cold blooded

81
Q

What are endotherms?

A

Warm blooded

82
Q

Examples of organisms in class chondrichthyes

A

Shark

83
Q

Examples of organisms in class osteichthyes

A

Seahorse, harring/trout

84
Q

Examples of organisms in class amphibia

A

Salamander, frog, toad

85
Q

Examples of organisms in class reptilia

A

Crocodile, turtle, snake, lizard

86
Q

Examples of organisms in class aves

A

Birds

87
Q

Examples of organisms in class mammalia

A

Dolphins, humans

88
Q

Which classes of Phylum chordata are ectotherms

A

Chondrichthyes

  • Amphibia
  • Reptilia
89
Q

Which classes of phylum chordata are endotherms

A

Aves, mammalia

Whisker-Biology (31 decks)

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