Lipid quiz Flashcards
Lipids: hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
-Not soluble in water (hydrophobic)
What are lipids made of?
Hydrocarbon chains (chains of c and h)
What are the three categories of lipids?
fats steroids and phospholipids
What are lipids used for?
energy storage
Are lipids polymers?
No, but they are large
What are the building blocks of lipids?
Glycerol and triglyceride
What is a fat’s structure?
- Glycerol and fatty acids
- Triglycerides have 3 fatty acids
- fatty acids present may vary
What is a fat’s function?
- Compact energy source
- Cushions vital organs
- provides insulation
What is a saturated fat?
a fat with no double bonds between carbons. It has a straight chain
Characteristics of saturated fats?
- solid at room temp
- straight chains allow for tight packing
- Most animal fats
Examples of saturated fats
lard and butter
What is an unsaturated fat?
At least one double bond b/w carbons. Hydrocarbon chain is bent.
characteristics of unsaturated fats?
liquid at room temp
- bent chain prevents tight packing
- most plant fats
Examples of unsaturated fats
oils, fish oils. veggie oil
steroids
consists of 4 fused carbon rings
-three are 6-sided
-One is 5-sided
(all steroids have some basic structure
Examples of steroids
Cholesterol and testosterone
Characteristics of cholesterol
- precursor of other steroids
- component of animal cell membranse
- contributes to artereosclerosis
What is hydrophobic and makes up tail of phospholipid
2 fatty acids
What is the difference between a phospholipid head and tail?
Head is hydrophilic and polar. Tail is hydrophobic non polar.
Why are lipids insoluble?
They are made of long chains of hydrocarbon chains which are nonpolar, but water is polar, so they will not interact.
Consists of glycerol and three fatty acids
fat
energy source
fat
cushions and insulates
fat
consists of glycerol, 2 fatty acids, and a phosphate group
phospholipid
triglycerides
fat
part of the molecule is hydrophilic and the other part is hydrophobic
phospholipid
major component of cell membranes
phospholipid
consists of four fused carbon rings, three 6 sided rings and one 5 sided ring
steroid
1 or more double bonds
unsaturated fat
usually solid at room temp
saturated fat
molecules are tightly packed
saturated fat
usually liquid at room temperature
unsaturated fat
most plant fats
unsaturated fat
most animal fats
saturated fats
Why aren’t unsaturated fats solid at room temp?
Hydrocarbon kinks cause unsaturated fats to be bent, so they cant pack in closely
