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Whisker-Biology > Chapter 1 Test- Evolution and the Foundation of Biology > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Test- Evolution and the Foundation of Biology Flashcards

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1
Q

What are all living things made of?

A

One or more cells

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2
Q

How are living things organized

A
  • highly organized
  • single celled=special structures
  • Multi-Cellular=grouped by function
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3
Q

Tell about evolution

A
  • Inheriting changes that help the species survive
  • populations evolve over many generations
    ex: giraffe necks grew so giraffe could eat food off of branches
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4
Q

Tell about stimuli

A

all living things respond to stimuli (internal and external)

ex: cells dehydrate=thirst

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5
Q

What is regulation/homeostasis

A
  • maintain stable internal conditions

ex: sweating, water intake

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6
Q

Tell about energy use

A
  • all living things use energy to fuel life processes

- some eat food, others use their own.

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7
Q

what is growth?

A

cell enlargement and/or division

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8
Q

what is development

A

different abilities

ex: tadpole to frog

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9
Q

what example of evolution can you give using mice?

A

mainland mice’s fur turned darker

beach mice’s fur turned lighter

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10
Q

what are the levels of biological organization (large to small)

A
  • Biosphere
  • ecosystem
  • Community
  • population
  • organism
  • organ
  • tissue
  • cells
  • organelles
  • molecules
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11
Q

Biosphere

A

all environments on earth

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12
Q

Ecosystem

A

All living and nonliving things in an area

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13
Q

Community

A

All organisms in an ecosystem

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14
Q

Populations

A

All individuals of a species in an area

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15
Q

Organism

A

An individual living thing

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16
Q

Organs

A

Specialized body parts made of tissue

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17
Q

Tissue

A

A group of similar cells

18
Q

Cells

A

Life’s fundamental unit of structure and function

19
Q

Organelles

A

A structural component of a cell

20
Q

Molecules

A

A chemical structure consisting of atoms

21
Q

What are emergent properties?

A

New properties with each step up in hierarchy

22
Q

What are the two main forms of cells?

A

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic

23
Q

Eukaryotic

A

Organelles, nucleus, larger

24
Q

Prokaryotic

A

Lack of organelles, no nucleus, smaller

25
Q

What is the structure of DNA?

A
  • double helix

- nucleotides

26
Q

Describe gene expression

A

DNA–>transcription into—–> mRNA—->translation into —–>protein folding—->final protein

27
Q

What are the 2 major processes of ecosystems?

A
  • cycling nutrients

- flow of energy from sun to producers to consumers

28
Q

Producers to consumers cycle?

A

Sunlight—> producers—-> consumers—-de composers.

Every “—->” heat is let off

29
Q

Taxonomy

A

Names and classifies species

30
Q

Classification order…?

A
  • Domain
  • Kingdom
  • Phylum
  • Class
  • Order
  • Family
  • genus
  • species
31
Q

3 domains of life

A

Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

32
Q

What are the 3 eukaryotic kingdoms

A

Plantae (plants, make own sugars thru photosynthesis, autotrophs)

Fungi (decomposes by absorption, heterotrophs)

Animalia (obtain food by ingestion, heterotrophs)

33
Q

What is the 4th eukaryotic kingdom?

A

Protista (unicellular, multicellular, heterotrophic and autotrophic)

34
Q

What were Charles darwin’s 3 observations

A
  1. Variation exists in every population
  2. More offspring are produced than can possibly survive this causing competition
  3. Species are adapted to their circumstances
35
Q

What are so good inferences we learn from evolution?

A
  1. Individuals that are better suited to their environment survive longer and produce more offspring
  2. Over many generations a higher and higher proportion of individuals will have advantageous traits
36
Q

Qualitative data

A

Data about qualities, cannot be measured, but destined

37
Q

Quantitative data

A

Data that is measured

38
Q

What are constants?

A

Things that are kept the same

39
Q

What is a control?

A

Standard for comparison

40
Q

Be sure to know how to make a dichotomous key

A

K

Whisker-Biology (31 decks)

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