1st Vocab Quiz Flashcards
One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Bacteria.
Archaea
One of two prokaryotic domains, the other being Archaea
Bacteria
A double stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell’s proteins.
DNA
All the organisms that inhabit a particular area, an assemblage of populations of different species living close enough together for a potential interaction.
Community
The domain that includes all eukaryotic organisms
eukarya
an experiment in which an experimental group is compared to a control group that varies only in the factor being tested.
controlled experiment
The scientific study of life
Biology
all the organisms in a given area as well as the abiotic factors with which they interact; a community and its physical environment
ecosystem
Life’s fundamental unit of structure and function
cell
a type of cell with a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles, present in protists, plants, fungi, and animals; also called eukaryote
eukaryotic cell
new properties that emerge with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases.
emergent properties
the entire portion of earth inhabited by life; the sum of all the planet’s ecosystems.
biosphere
A scientific test. Often carried out under controlled conditions that involve manipulating one factor in a system in order to see the effects of changing that factor
experiment
recorded observations
data
all the changes that have transformed life on earth from its earliest beginnings to the diversity that characterizes it today.
evolution
a directional change in temperature, precipitation, or other aspect of the global climate that lasts for three decades of more.
climate change
a discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses.)
genes
a factor whose value is measured in an experiment to see whether it is influenced by changes in another factor.
dependent
The process by which information encoded in DNA directs the synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into proteins and instead functions as RNAs
gene expression
the genetic material of an organism or virus, the complete complement of an organism’s or virus’s genes along with its noncoding nucleic acid sequences
genome
the study of whole sets of genes and their interactions within a species, as well as genome comparisons between species
genomics
a testable explanation for a set of observations based on the available data and guided by inductive reasoning. A hypothesis is narrower in scope that a theory.
hypothesis
a factor whose value is manipulated or changed during an experiment to reveal possible effects on another factor (the dependent variable)
independent variable
two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
molecule
a process in which individuals that have inherited certain traits tend to survive and reporduce at a higher rate that other individuals becomse of those traits.
natural selection
a specialized of body funciton composed of several different types of tissue
organ
any of several kinds of membrane enclosed structires with specialized functions, suspended in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells
organelles
an individual living thing, consisting of one or more cells
organisms
a group of individuals of the same species that live in the same area and interbreed, producing fertile offspring.
population
a type of cell lacking a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles. organisms with prokaryotic cells are called prokaryotes
prokaryotic cell
the entire set of proteins expresses by a given cell, tissue, or organism
proteome
the systematic study of the full set of proteins encoded by genomics.
proteomics
an approach to understanding the natural world
science
the application of scientific knowledge for a specific purpose, often involving industry or commerce but also including uses in basic research
technology
AN explanation that is broader in scope that a hypothesis, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence
theory
an integrated group of cells with a common structure, function, or both.
tissue
a factor that varies during an experiment.
variable
