Test 5: Chapter 15

Question 1

A neurotransmitter liberated by many peripheral nervous system neurons and some central nervous system neurons. It is excitatory at neuromuscular junctions by inhibitory at some other synapses

Answer 1

Acetylcholine

Question 2

Sympathetic nerve endings of the autonomic nervous system that release norepinephrine

Answer 2

Adrenergic Fibers

Question 3

A type of receptor for norepinephrine and epinephrine; present on visceral effectors innervated by sympathetic postganglionic neurons

Answer 3

Alpha Receptors

Question 4

A cluster of cell bodies of sympathetic or parasympathetic neurons located outside the central nervous system

Answer 4

Autonomic Ganglia

Question 5

Visceral sensory (afferent) and visceral motor (efferent) neurons. Autonomic motor neurons, both sympathetic and parasympathetic, conduct nerve impulses from the central nervous system to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. So named because this part of the nervous system was thought to be selfgoverning or spontaneous

Answer 5

Autonomic Nervous System

Question 6

A network of sympathetic and parasympathetic axons; examples are the cardiac, celiac, and pelvic plexuses, which are located in the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis, respectively

Answer 6

Autonomic Plexuses

Question 7

A type of adrenergic receptor for epinephrine and norpinephrine; found on visceral effectors innervated by sympathetic postganglionic neurons

Answer 7

Beta Receptors

Question 8

Sympathetic nerve endings of the autonomic nervous system that release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

Answer 8

Cholinergic Fibers

Question 9

Sometimes called the parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 9

Craniosacral Division

Question 10

Hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla that produces actions similar to those that result from sympathetic stimulation. Also called adrenaline

Answer 10

Epinephrine

Question 11

The effects produced upon stimulation of the sympathetic division fo the autonomic nervous system. First of three stages of the stress response

Answer 11

Fight or Flight Response

Question 12

Found at cholinergic neuromuscular or neuroglandular junctions in the parasympathetic division; the effects of stimulating these receptors are longer lasting and may be excitatory or inhibitory

Answer 12

Muscarinic Receptors

Question 13

Receptor for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine found on both sympathetic and parasympathetic postganglionic neurons and on skeletal muscle in the motor end plate; so named because nicotine activates these receptors but does not activate muscarinic receptors for acetylcholine

Answer 13

Nicotinic Receptors

Question 14

A hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla that produces actions similar to those that result from sympathetic stimulation. Also called noradrenaline

Answer 14

Norepinephrine

Question 15

One of the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system, having cell bodies of preganglionic neurons in nuclei in the brain stem and in the lateral gray horn of the sacral portion of the spinal cord; primarily concerned with activities that conserve and restore body energy. Also known as the craniosacral division

Answer 15

Parasympathetic Division

Question 16

The second autonomic motor neuron in an autonomic pathway, having its cell body and dendrites located in an autonomic ganglion and its unmyelinated axon ending at cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, or a gland

Answer 16

Postganglionic Neuron

Question 17

The first autonomic motor neuron in an autonomic pathway, with its cell body and dendrites in the brain or spinal cord and its myelinated axon ending at an autonomic ganglion, where it synapses with a postganglionic neuron

Answer 17

Preganglionic Neuron

Question 18

A cluster of cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic neurons anterior to the spinal column and close to large abdominal arteries. Also called a collateral ganglion

Answer 18

Prevertebral Ganglia

Question 19

One of the two subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system, having cell bodies of preganglionic neurons in the lateral gray columns of the thoracic segment and the first two or three lumbar segments of the spinal cord; primarily concerned with processes involving the expenditure of energy. Also called the thoacolumbar division

Answer 19

Sympathetic Division

Question 20

A cluster of cell bodies of parasympathetic postganglionic neurons either lying very close to the visceral effectors or located within the walls of the visceral effectors supplied by the postganglionic neurons. Also called intramural ganglion

Answer 20

Terminal Ganglia

Question 21

Another name for the sympathetic division of the ANS

Answer 21

Thoracolumbar Division

Question 22

Any of a group of sympathetic ganglia which form two chains extending from the base of the skull to the coccyx along the sides of the spinal column

Answer 22

Vertebral Chain Ganglia

Question 23

Conduct sensory impulses (usually pain or reflex sensations) from the viscera, glands, and blood vessels to the central nervous system.

Answer 23

Visceral Afferent Neurons

Question 24

What mechanism acts to control a contraction or relaxation of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle, and controles the rate of secretion by glands.
Maintains homeostasis of bp, heart rate, respiration, urination, defectaion, digestion

Answer 24

Visceral Autonomic Reflex

Answer 25

Visceral Effectors

Question 26

Motor neurons supplying involuntary, smooth muscle of viscera, blood vessels, cardiac muscle and glands

Answer 26

Visceral Efferent Neurons