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Biology 107 > Test 4 - Topic 19 > Flashcards

Test 4 - Topic 19 Flashcards

1
Q

_________ digestive system - A mouth followed by a sac like gut - What cant be digested is brought back up through the mouth

A

Incomplete

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2
Q

Incomplete digestive system - A mouth followed by a sac like _________ - What cant be digested is brought back up through the _________

A
  • gut

- mouth

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3
Q

_________ digestive system - Starts with the mouth, followed by specialized organs for digestion and ends with the anus.

A

Complete

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4
Q

Complete digestive system - Starts with the mouth, followed by specialized _________ for digestion and ends with the _________ .

A
  • organs

- anus

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5
Q

_________ - (i.e. cows) may eat grass continuously and have multiple stomachs to digest cellulose

A

Ruminants

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6
Q

Ruminants - (i.e. cows) may eat grass continuously and have _________ stomachs to digest _________

A
  • multiple

- cellulose

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7
Q

_________ - (i.e. snakes) have structures for food storage. They will eat a large amount at one time and use those nutrients for a long period of time

A

Discontinuous feeders

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8
Q

Discontinuous feeders - (i.e. snakes) have structures for food _________ . They will eat a large amount at one time and use those _________ for a long period of time

A
  • storage

- nutrients

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9
Q

-The digestive process-

_________ - Dealing with the breaking down, mixing, and transportation of ingested nutrients and the elimination of waste

A

Movement

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10
Q

-The digestive process-

Movement - Dealing with the breaking down, _________, and transportation of ingested nutrients and the _________ of waste

A
  • mixing

- elimination

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11
Q

-The digestive process-

_________ - Release of enzymes and hormones that are needed to break down the nutrients

A

Secretions

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12
Q

-The digestive process-

Secretions - Release of enzymes and _________ that are needed to break down the _________

A
  • hormones

- nutrients

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13
Q

-The digestive process-

_________ - Physical breakdown of food matter to molecules small enough to be absorbed

A

Digestion

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14
Q

-The digestive process-

Digestion - Physical breakdown of food matter to _________ small enough to be _________

A
  • molecules

- absorbed

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15
Q

-The digestive process-

_________ - The movement of nutrient molecules into the blood

A

Absorption

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16
Q

-The digestive process-

Absorption - The movement of _________ molecules into the _________

A
  • nutrient

- blood

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17
Q

The human digestive system - Can be __ to __ meters long

A
  • 6

- 9

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18
Q

-Human digestive system- Specialized regions-

1) _________
2) _________
3) Esophagus
4) Stomach
5) Small intestines
6) Large intestine (Colon)
7) Rectum
8) Anus

A
  • Mouth

- Pharynx

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19
Q

-Human digestive system- Specialized regions-

1) Mouth
2) Pharynx
3) _________
4) _________
5) Small intestines
6) Large intestine (Colon)
7) Rectum
8) Anus

A
  • Esophagus

- Stomach

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20
Q

-Human digestive system- Specialized regions-

1) Mouth
2) Pharynx
3) Esophagus
4) _________
5) _________
6) Large intestine (Colon)
7) Rectum
8) Anus

A
  • Stomach

- Small intestines

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21
Q

-Human digestive system- Specialized regions-

1) Mouth
2) Pharynx
3) Esophagus
4) Stomach
5) Small intestines
6) _________
7) _________
8) Anus

A
  • Large intestine (Colon)

- Rectum

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22
Q

-Human digestive system- Specialized regions-

1) Mouth
2) _________
3) Esophagus
4) Stomach
5) _________
6) Large intestine (Colon)
7) Rectum
8) _________

A
  • Pharynx
  • Small intestines
  • Anus
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23
Q

_________ :

1) Salivary glands
2) Liver with gall bladder
3) Pancreas

A

Accessory organs (glands)

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24
Q

Accessory organs (glands)

1) _________ glands
2) Liver with gall bladder
3) _________

A
  • Salivary

- Pancreas

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25
Q

Accessory organs (glands)

1) Salivary glands
2) _________ with gall _________
3) Pancreas

A
  • Liver

- bladder

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26
Q

_________ :

is responsible for the mechanical breakdown of food. Mixes the food with Saliva

A

The mouth

27
Q

The mouth is responsible for the mechanical breakdown of food. Mixes the _________ with _________

A
  • food

- Saliva

28
Q

_________ neutralizes mouth (buffer) Saliva _________ food

A
  • Saliva

- lubricates

29
Q

-Mixing of food with saliva-

1) Mechanical _________ of food
2) Mixes food with saliva
3) Saliva begins _________ breakdown

A
  • breakdown

- carbohydrate

30
Q

_________ - The nasal cavity and the oral cavity join and passes through

A

Pharynx

31
Q

Pharynx - The nasal cavity and the _________ cavity join and _________ through

A
  • oral

- passes

32
Q

_________ - Tube food passes through

A

Esophagus

33
Q

Stomach - Muscular sac that stores and mixes food. Substances are secreted that _________ and degrade the food. _________ are broken down. _________ rate that food enters small intestine

A
  • dissolve
  • Proteins
  • Control
34
Q

_________ :

i. Absorption of nutrients takes place
ii. Secretions from the pancreas and liver enter the small intestine
iii. Digestion
iv. Absorption

A

Small Intestine

35
Q

Small Intestine

i. Absorption of _________ takes place
ii. Secretions from the pancreas and liver enter the small intestine
iii. _________
iv. Absorption

A
  • nutrients

- Digestion

36
Q

Small Intestine :

i. Absorption of nutrients takes place
ii. Secretions from the _________ and liver enter the small intestine
iii. Digestion
iv. _________

A
  • pancreas

- Absorption

37
Q

Small Intestine - Digestion

1) Enzymes act on all large molecules to make them smaller
2) _________ buffers the acid that enters the small intestine from the _________ as food passes through - (The Pancreas)
3) Bile is secreted to speed up fat digestion (The liver and gall bladder) [Liver makes the bile, the gall bladder stores the bile]

A
  • Bicarbonate

- stomach

38
Q

Small Intestine - Digestion

1) Enzymes act on all large _________ to make them _________
2) Bicarbonate buffers the acid that enters the small intestine from the stomach as food passes through - (The Pancreas)
3) Bile is secreted to speed up fat digestion (The liver and gall bladder) [Liver makes the bile, the gall bladder stores the bile]

A
  • molecules

- smaller

39
Q

Small Intestine - Digestion

1) Enzymes act on all large molecules to make them smaller
2) Bicarbonate buffers the acid that enters the small intestine from the stomach as food passes through - (The Pancreas)
3) _________ is secreted to speed up fat _________ (The liver and gall bladder) [Liver makes the bile, the gall bladder stores the bile]

A
  • Bile

- digestion

40
Q

Small Intestine - Absorption

1) The small intestine has small finger-like projections that _________ the surface area of the intestine wall which allows for more _________
2) Glucose and amino acids cross the gut lining by active transport and enters the bloodstream
3) Water and ions are absorbed by diffusion

A
  • increases

- absorption

41
Q

Small Intestine - Absorption

1) The small intestine has small finger -like projections that increases the surface area of the intestine wall which allows for more absorption
2) _________ and amino acids cross the gut lining by _________ transport and enters the bloodstream
3) Water and ions are absorbed by diffusion

A
  • Glucose

- active

42
Q

Small Intestine - Absorption

1) The small intestine has small finger -like projections that increases the surface area of the intestine wall which allows for more absorption
2) Glucose and amino acids cross the gut lining by active transport and enters the bloodstream
3) Water and _________ are absorbed by _________

A
  • ions

- diffusion

43
Q

_________ - To store and concentrate fece

A

Large intestine (colon)

44
Q

_________ - Feces storage

A

Rectum

45
Q

_________ - Controls the elimination of waste

A

Anus

46
Q

To maintain an acceptable weight - The _________ intake must balance with energy _________

A
  • caloric

- output

47
Q

Body Mass Index (BMI)

  • Multiply your weight in pounds by ___
  • Then divide that result by your height in inches squared
A

703

48
Q
  • A BMI of less than ___ is good
  • A BMI of 25 to ___ is overweight
  • A BMI of more than ___ is considered obese
A
  • 25
  • 29
  • 30
49
Q

_________ - An excess of fat in body tissues

A

Obesity

50
Q

Obese is __% heavier than your ideal weight)

A

25

51
Q

_________ :

  • Carbohydrates
  • Fats or lipids
  • Proteins
A

Three Main Food Molecules

52
Q

-Three Main Food Molecules-

_________ - 60% to 80% - Molecules that supply energy to the cells

A

Carbohydrates

53
Q

-Three Main Food Molecules-

Complex _________ provide glucose as well as fiber, _________, and minerals

A
  • Carbohydrates

- vitamins

54
Q

-Three Main Food Molecules-

Carbohydrates - ___% to ___% - Molecules that supply energy to the cells

A
  • 60

- 80

55
Q

-Three Main Food Molecules-

_________ - 10% to 30% - Provide insulation and cushioning for vital organs
-An energy reserve

A

Fats or lipids

56
Q

-Three Main Food Molecules-

Fats or lipids - ___% to ___% - Provide insulation and cushioning for vital organs
-An energy reserve

A
  • 10

- 30

57
Q

-Three Main Food Molecules-

_________ - 12% - made up of amino acids

A

Proteins

58
Q

-Three Main Food Molecules-

Proteins - ___% - made up of amino acids

A

12

59
Q

Proteins are made up of ___ total amino acids, ___ are essential (must be supplied in the diet)

A
  • 20

- 8

60
Q

_________ deficiency is most damaging in young people, it can cause _________ and physical retardation

A
  • Protein

- mental

61
Q

_________ - Organic molecules that we need for our metabolism but our bodies cant make

A

Vitamins

62
Q

Vitamin __, helps fight cancer - (get it from milk, ________)

A
  • D

- sun

63
Q

_________ - Inorganic elements that are needed for metabolism and your body can’t make them

A

Minerals

Biology 107 (19 decks)

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