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Radiology > Test 4 > Flashcards

Test 4 Flashcards

1
Q

A neurologic assessment tool that determines level of consciousness.

A

Glasgow coma scale.

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2
Q

Level of consciousness?

A

LOC.

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3
Q

A life-threatening medical condition where the body is not getting enough blood flow.

A

Shock.

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4
Q

Low blood pressure, respirations rapid and shallow, tachycardia, cold clammy skin, anxiety.

A

Symptoms of shock.

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5
Q

Stop the procedure, place the patient supine, elevate the legs, call for help.

A

Radiographers response to shock.

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6
Q

Shock caused by the heart by pumping enough blood to the rest of the body.

A

Cariogenic shock.

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7
Q

The heart muscle damaged by a myocardial infarction.

A

The most common cause of Cardiogenic shock.

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8
Q

Myocardial infarction.

A

MI

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9
Q

Heart attack.

A

MI

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10
Q

Heart muscle tissue death due to decreased blood supply.

A

MI

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11
Q

Shock caused by a spinal cord injury that caused vasodilation.

A

Septic shock.

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12
Q

Shock caused by a severe allergic reaction that causes vasodilation.

A

Anaphylactic shock.

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13
Q

Severe allergy.

A

Anaphylaxis.

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14
Q

Swelling of the upper airway.

A

Symptom of anaphylaxis.

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15
Q

Throat; upper airway.

A

Pharynx.

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16
Q

Epinephrine & Benadryl.

A

Medications given for an anaphylactic shock emergency.

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17
Q

Prednisone & Benadryl.

A

Premedication given to prevent an anaphylactic emergency.

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18
Q

An occlusion of a pulmonary artery by a thrombus.

A

Pulmonary embolus.

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19
Q

Artery that supplies oxygenated blood to the lungs.

A

Pulmonary artery.

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20
Q

Diphenhydramine.

A

Generic name of Benadryl.

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21
Q

Chronic condition of having too much glucose the blood.

A

Diabetes.

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22
Q

Too much glucose in the blood.

A

Hyperglycemia.

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23
Q

Too low of glucose in the blood.

A

Hypoglycemia.

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24
Q

Pancreas not producing enough insulin.

A

Cause if diabetes.

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25
Q

A hormone that makes the organs take up glucose from the blood.

A

Insulin.

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26
Q

Cerebral vascular accident; stroke.

A

CVA.

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27
Q

Interruption of the blood supply to the brain.

A

CVA.

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28
Q

Blockage of a cerebral artery.

A

Ischemic stroke.

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29
Q

Rupture of a cerebral artery.

A

Hemorrhagic stroke.

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30
Q

Weakness, confusion, extreme thirst, irritability, blurred vision.

A

Symptoms of a diabetic emergency.

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31
Q

Sudden onset of severe headache, sudden onset of one sided weakness, slurred speech, confusion.

A

Symptoms of a stroke.

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32
Q

A patient’s heart stops beating.

A

Cardiac arrest.

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33
Q

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

A

CPR.

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34
Q

Compressions, airway, breathing.

A

Order of CPR.

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35
Q

Patient stops breathing.

A

Respiratory arrest.

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36
Q

The ventricles of the heart are quivering, instead of making strong contractions.

A

Ventricular fibrillation.

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37
Q

Use a defibrillator.

A

What to do if a patient goes into ventricular fibrillation. (V-fib)

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38
Q

Automatic external defibrillator.

A

AED.

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39
Q

Abdominal thrust.

A

What to do if a patient has an airway obstruction.

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40
Q

Fainting; a temporary loss of consciousness.

A

Syncope.

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41
Q

Lower patient to the ground; elevate the legs.

A

What to do if a patient has an episode of syncope.

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42
Q

Acknowledge the complaint, help alleviate pain anyway you can, call for help if needed, report the complaint of pain to the patients nurse.

A

What to do if a patient is having pain.

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43
Q

Stay calm, do not be confrontational, reassure, ask for help.

A

How to handle an an agitated or confused patient.

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44
Q

Difficulty breathing.

A

Respiratory distress.

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45
Q

Increase in breathing rate, blushing color around the mouth of fingernails, grunting/nose flaring/sweating/wheezing, chest retractions.

A

Symptoms of respiratory distress.

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46
Q

Put patient in sitting position, semi-fowler position may help, get the oxygen ready, call for help.

A

What to do if a patient is experiencing labored breathing.

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47
Q

Study of drugs.

A

Pharmacology.

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48
Q

Drug/medication; biologic; alternative substances.

A

3 categories of substance used for therapeutic purposes.

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49
Q

A chemical agent capable of producing a biologic response in the body.

A

Drug/medication.

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50
Q

A substance naturally produced by a human or animal intended to be used therapeutically.

A

Biologic.

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51
Q

A plant based substance intended to be used therapeutically.

A

Alternative substance.

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52
Q

Therapeutic.

A

A desirable response of a drug on the body.

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53
Q

Adverse.

A

An undesirable response of a drug on the body.

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54
Q

A cart that contains the medications and equipment that are needed when a patient’s condition suddenly becomes critical.

A

Crash cart.

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55
Q

what the body does to the drug

A

pharmacokinetics

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56
Q

absorbs it, distributes it, metabolizes it, excretes it

A

the steps of pharmacokinetics

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57
Q

partial metabolism of a drug by the liver before it reaches the systemic circulation

A

first-pass effect

58
Q

what the drug does to the body

A

pharmacodynamics

59
Q

name; mode of action; prescription/nonprescription; agonist/antagonist

A

ways a drug can be classified

60
Q

part of a cell that the drug binds to

A

receptor

61
Q

a drug that produces an effect when it binds to a cell

A

agonist

62
Q

a drug that prevents an action from happening when it binds to a cell; blocking drugs

A

antagonist

63
Q

intended to effect a only a certain location

A

local medications

64
Q

numbs the area

A

local anesthetic

65
Q

xylocaine

A

lidocaine

66
Q

has an effect throughout the body

A

systemic medications

67
Q

oral, rectal, sublingual, parenteral

A

4 routes of drug administration

68
Q

the route of drug administration that does not involve the GI tract; an injection of some kind

A

parenteral

69
Q

within a vein

A

intravenous

70
Q

within a muscle

A

intramuscular

71
Q

injection into the spine

A

intrathecal

72
Q

into the dermis (skin)

A

intradermal

73
Q

just below the dermis (skin)

A

subcutaneous

74
Q

the introduction of a fluid through a vein

A

intravenous therapy

75
Q

vena cava

A

central

76
Q

peripherally inserted central catheter

A

PICC line

77
Q

extremities

A

peripheral

78
Q

inside the cell

A

intracellular

79
Q

outside the cell

A

extracellular

80
Q

inside a blood vessel

A

intravascular

81
Q

drops

A

gtt

82
Q

pain relievers

A

analgesics

83
Q

strong pain relievers

A

narcotics

84
Q

treats arrhythmias of the heart

A

antiarrhythmics

85
Q

treat infections caused by bacteria

A

antibiotics

86
Q

hinders the coagulation (clotting) of the blood

A

anticoagulants

87
Q

prevents vomiting

A

antiemetics

88
Q

lowers blood pressure

A

antihypertensives

89
Q

destroys platelets

A

antiplatelets

90
Q

reduces anxiety

A

anxiolytic

91
Q

calms a patient to permit sleep

A

sedative

92
Q

increases the excretion of urine

A

diuretics

93
Q

breaks up a thrombus (blood clot)

A

thrombolytic

94
Q

narrows the blood vessels

A

vasoconstrictors

95
Q

widens blood vessels

A

vasodilators

96
Q

negative contrast agent
low atomic number
attenuates less radiation
radiolucent

A

air

97
Q

iodine

barium

A

2 positive contrast agents

98
Q

high atomic number
attenuates more radiation
radiopaque

A

positive contrast agents

99
Q

water

A

solvent

100
Q

water with things dissolved in it

A

solution

101
Q

the “things” dissolved in a solution

A

solute

102
Q

blood cells

plasma

A

2 components of blood

103
Q

sodium and chloride

A

the solutes in plasma

104
Q

equal osmotic pressure; equal amount of solute on the inside and outside of the cells

A

isotonic

105
Q

fluids that have a greater solute concentration than blood

A

hyperosmolar

106
Q

fluids that have a smaller concentration than blood

A

hypoosmolar

107
Q

the passage of water through a semipermeable membrane into a place of higher solute concentration

A

osmosis

108
Q

hyperosmolarity

A

most common cause of adverse reactions to contrast media

109
Q

breaks apart into 2 ions when enters the blood stream

contains iodine

A

ionic contrast

110
Q

does not break apart into ions when enters the blood stream

contains iodine

A

nonionic contrast

111
Q

viscosity increases

A

what happens to viscosity as the amount of iodine increases

112
Q

thickness and stickiness

A

viscosity

113
Q

injection pressures increase

A

what happens to injection pressures as viscosity increases?

114
Q

the ability of something to mix with blood

A

miscibility

115
Q

the urinary system

A

how is iodinated contrast eliminated from the body

116
Q

10-30 mg/dl

A

normal BUN

117
Q

.5-1.5 mg/dl

A

normal creatinine

118
Q

100 ml/min

A

normal GFR

119
Q

hyperosmolarity

A

when a patient has a reaction of decreased blood pressure after having contrast, what is the usual cause?

120
Q

electrocardiogram
12 leads
a 6 second recording of the electrical activity of the heart

A

ECG/EKG

121
Q

electrodes

A

what is the electricity detected by during an EKG

122
Q

a patch placed on the patient’s skin to detect the heart’s electrical activity

A

electrode

123
Q

10 leads are attached (10 wires)

A

how many electrodes and leads are attached during a 12-lead EKG

124
Q

2 meanings:
the wire
the view of the heart recorded between two electrodes

A

an EKG lead

125
Q

pacemaker of the heart
generates the electrical signal of the heart
located in right atrium

A

SA node

126
Q

the heart is beating normally and the impulse is originating in the SA node

A

normal sinus rhythm

127
Q

SA node; AV node; Bundle of His; R & L bundle branches; purkinje fibers

A

path of the electrical signal in the heart

128
Q

atrial contraction

A

p wave

129
Q

ventricular contraction

A

QRS

130
Q

ventricular relaxation

A

T wave

131
Q

anything other than a normal ECG

A

arrhythmia

132
Q

slow sinus rhythm

less than 60 beats/min

A

sinus bradycardia

133
Q

fast sinus rhythm

more than 100 beats/min

A

sinus tachycardia

134
Q

v-fib
ventricles are quivering
irregular wavy line
use the defibrillator

A

ventricular fibrillation

135
Q

no p wave
atria are quivering
common cause of blood clots

A

atrial fibrillation

136
Q

no heart beat

flat line

A

asystole

137
Q

st elevated myocardial infarction

A

STEMI

138
Q

3 or 5 leads

transmits the electrical activity to a nurses station

A

telemetry

139
Q

patient wears it

electrical activity is recorded when symptoms occur

A

event recorder

140
Q

patient wears it

electrical activity is recorded continuously for days

A

holter monitor

Radiology (20 decks)

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