Patient Test 2 Flashcards
Joint?
Articulation.
What kind of joints are arthorgrams preformed?
Freely moveable, synovial.
Gliding joint?
Permits sliding of one surface on another.
Intercarpals and intertarsals
Henge joint?
Flexion/Extension (elbow and knee)
Pivot joint?
Rotational movement; C1-C2
Ellipsoidal?
All movement except rotation; radio septal joint.
Saddle joint?
1st carpometacarpal joint (trapezium and 1st metacarpal)
Ball and socket joint?
Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation.
Contrast used for arthrograms?
Water-soluble, iodinated, non-ionic.
Synovial joints?
Enclosed in a joint capsule.
Rotator cuff?
The muscles and tensions that surround the glenohumeral joint.
TMJ?
Temporomandibular joint.
What makes the TMJ?
Mandibular condyle of mandible and mandibular fossa of temporal bone.
Sialogram?
Radiograph of salivary glands and ducts after contrast is injected.
Hard plate
Maxillary and palatine bones; roof of mouth.
Sublingual space?
Area under tongue.
Mastication?
Chewing.
Salivary glands?
Parotid, submandibular, sublingual.
Largest salivary gland?
Parotid gland.
Salivary gland located along mandibular ramus?
Parotid gland.
Sublingual folds?
Crestlike ridges under tongue.
Salivary gland located anterior to angle of mandible?
Submandibular gland.
Indications?
Reasons why to do a procedure.
Sialadenitsis?
Inflammation of a salivary gland.
Sjögren’s syndrome?
Autoimmune disease that causes dry eyes and dry mouth.
Stenosis of a salivary duct?
Narrowing of a salivary duct.
Sialolithiasis?
Calculus within a salivary gland or duct.
Sialectasia?
Dilation of a salivary duct.
Fistula?
Abnormal opening.
Ovaries?
Female gonads.
At what level of the body are ovaries located?
Level of ASIS
Fiction of the ovaries?
Produce the ova (egg cells)
Ovarian ligaments?
Attached the ovaries to uterus.
Uterus?
Womb; houses the fertilized ovum during pregnancy.
Cervix?
Distal part of uterus.
Endometrium?
The inner mucosal lining of the uterus.
Uterine tubes?
Fallopian tubes.
Receive the ova after they are released by the ovaries?
Fallopian tubes.
HSG?
Hysterosalpingography.
Hysterosalpingography?
Radiograph of the female reproductive system after contrast is injected.
Contraindications?
Reasons why not to do a procedure.
Position of patient durning an HSG?
Lithotomy position.
Where does contrast spill into when injected into a Fallopian tube?
Abdominal cavity.
Pelvic inflammatory disease?
Inflammation of any part of the female reproductive system; usually caused by an STD.
Peritonitis?
Inflammation of the double walked membrane that lines the abdominal cavity.
Ovarian cyst?
Fluid filled tumors within ovary.
Uterine fibroid?
Benign tumor within the uterus.
Uterine fibroid embolization.
Transcatheter procedure to occlude the uterine artery to cause ischemia to a fibroid.
Endometriosis?
Endometrial tissue grows in a place other than the uterus.
Cervical cancer?
Cancer of the cervix.
Ectopic pregnancy?
A fertilized egg (ovum) that has implanted in the Fallopian tubes instead of the uterus.
Vagiongraphy?
To demonstrate a fistula between the vagina and rectum.
Intrauterine device (IUD)?
Contraceptive device (inserted into uterus by physician)!
Central nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord.
Brian?
Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Brainstem.
Brainstem?
Midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata.
Cerebrum?
Largest structure of the brain.
Gyri?
Elevations of brain tissue.
Sulci?
Grooves within the brain tissue.
Longitudinal sulcus (fissure)?
Deep grooves that divides cerebrum info right and left hemispheres.
Falx Cerebri?
A fold of dura mater that lies within the longitudinal sulcus.
Corpus callosum?
Nerve fibers that connect the right and left hemispheres of cerebrum.
Medulla oblongata.
Portion of the Brainstem that connects the pond and spinal cord, at the level of the foramen magnum.
Where does the spinal cord terminate?
L1/L2 disk space.
Conus medullaris?
Inferior tip of the spinal cord.
Meninges?
Coverings of the brain and spinal cord.
Epidural space?
Space between bone and dura mater.
Dura mater?
Outermost meninge.
Subdural space?
Space between the dura mater and arachnoid.
Arachnoid?
Middle meninge.
Subarachnoid space?
Space between arachnoid and pus mater; contains CSF; communicates with the ventricles of brain.
Cistern magna?
An area of the subarachnoid space that is increased in width; located at the base of the brain.
Pia mater?
Inner meninge; highly vascular.
Ventricles of the brain?
Chambers within the brain that contain CSF.
Intrathecal?
Subarachnoid space.
Where is the needle inserted for a myelogram?
L2/L3 or L3/L4.
Type of contrast used for a myelogram?
Water soluble, non-ionic, iodinated.
Myelogram?
Radiograph of the spinal canal after contrast has been injected. M
Kyphoplasty?
Bone cement injected into a vertebral body to treat compression fracture.
TIPS?
Transjugular intrahepatic portsystemic shunt.
TIPS procedure?
Placing a stent to shunt blood from the portal vein to the hepatic vein.
Portal circulation?
Blood from the digestive organs drains into the portal vein, then enters the liver, then the hepatic vein, then inferior vena cava.
Collateral veins?
Alternative routes that the body creates to allow blood flow.
Esophageal varices?
Varicose (dilated) veins of the esophagus.
Jugular vein?
Vein located in the neck, drains blood from the brain.
Arthrogram?
Radiograph of a joint space after contrast is injected.
When should you scheduled a Hysterosalpingography?
10 days after onset of menstruation.
Why is a HSG preformed?
To determine if there is a structural cause of infertility.
The cervix only allows what?
Passage of fluids.
What are contraindications?
Active menstruation
Pregnancy
Are ovaries attached to the Fallopian tubes?
No.
What does a Pap smear test for?
Cervical cancer.
Sharon’s chart for meninges?
Bone -epidural space Dura matter -subdural space Arachnoid -subarachnoid space* Pia mater
Cauda Equina? (Horse’s tail)
Spinal nerves below the termination of the spinal cord.
Portal hypertension?
High blood pressure in portal vein.
What are the 4 CSF containing cavities in the brain?
Right Ventricle
Left Ventricle
Third Ventricle
Fourth Ventricle
If contrast is moved into cervical area what must you do?
Position head in acute extension; this compresses the cistern magna to prevent contrast from entering the ventricles in the brain.
Why is a myelography preformed?
To demonstrate spinal cord compression caused by:
Herniated disk
Bone fragments
Tumors
Spinal cord swelling.
How is the jugular vein accessed in the TIPS procedure?
Via the seldingers technique.
