Chapter 1, 2 (Pathology)

Question 1

Disease?

Answer 1

An abnormal condition of the body.

Question 2

Infectious?

Answer 2

Caused by a bacteria, virus or fungus.

Question 3

Acquired?

Answer 3

Develops after birth.

Question 4

Metabolic?

Answer 4

Disturbance of normal functions of the body. (diabetes).

Question 5

Neoplastic?

Answer 5

Formation of tumors.

Question 6

Iatrogenic?

Answer 6

Caused by the physician.

Question 7

Idiopathic?

Answer 7

No known cause.

Question 8

Signs for disease?

Answer 8

Changes that are measurable, objective.

Question 9

Symptoms for disease?

Answer 9

Changes that are not measurable, subjective.

Question 10

Nosocomial infections?

Answer 10

Acquired while hospitalized.

Question 11

Community acquired infections?

Answer 11

Acquired outside of the hospital.

Question 12

Inflammation?

Answer 12

The vascular response to bodily injury.

Question 13

5 clinical signs of inflammation?

Answer 13

1. Redness
2. Heat
3. Swelling
4. Pain
5. Loss of fiction.

Question 14

What is granuloma?

Answer 14

Usually in the lung, where fibrous scar tissue replaces the injured tissues, indicates an area of old inflammation.

Question 15

What is infection?

Answer 15

Invasion of the body by a disease causing bacteria, virus, or fungus. Caused by a pathogen.

Question 16

Infections cause what?

Answer 16

Inflammation.

Question 17

Can you have inflammation without infection?

Answer 17

Yes.

Question 18

What is edema?

Answer 18

Accumulation of abnormal amounts of fluid.

Question 19

What is localized edema?

Answer 19

Restricted to a particular location.

Question 20

What is generalized edema?

Answer 20

Pronounced swelling throughout the body.

Question 21

In generalized edema, what can gravity cause?

Answer 21

Fluid to collect around the ankles.

Question 22

Pulmonary edema?

Answer 22

Edema in lungs.

Question 23

Pleural effusion?

Answer 23

Edema in the pleural space.

Question 24

Pericardial effusion?

Answer 24

Edema in the pericardial space.

Question 25

Peritoneal ascites?

Answer 25

Edema in the peritoneal space.

Question 26

What is ischemia?

Answer 26

A decreased supply of blood to an organ.

Question 27

What causes ischemia?

Answer 27

Narrowing of an artery, occlusion of artery.

Question 28

What is infarct?

Answer 28

Tissue death due to ischemia.

Question 29

What is Necrosis?

Answer 29

An area of dead tissue.

Question 30

What is a hemorrhage?

Answer 30

Massive bleeding caused by a ruptured blood vessel.

Question 31

What is an external hemorrhage?

Answer 31

Can see the blood leave body.

Question 32

What is an internal hemorrhage?

Answer 32

A blood vessel is torn and blood is filling the surrounding space, cannot see it.

Question 33

Hemothorax?

Answer 33

Blood in the pleural space.

Question 34

What is hemopericardium?

Answer 34

Blood in the pericardial space.

Question 35

What is hemoperitoneum?

Answer 35

Blood in the peritoneal space.

Question 36

What is hemarthrosis?

Answer 36

Blood in the joint.

Question 37

Hematoma?

Answer 37

A collection of extravasated blood under the skin.

Question 38

What is extravasation?

Answer 38

Leakage of fluid from a blood vessel into surrounding tissue. (Superficial you can see) (Deep you cannot - brain)

Question 39

Atrophy?

Answer 39

Decreased in size or wasting away of a body part or tissue. (Arm in cast)

Question 40

Hypertrophy?

Answer 40

Increase in size.

Question 41

Hypoplasia and Aplasia? (same thing)

Answer 41

Small size due to abnormal growth and development.

Question 42

What is hyperplasia?

Answer 42

Increase in the number of cells.

Question 43

*** What is Dysplasia?

Answer 43

Abnormal growth or development.

Question 44

What is Neoplasia?

Answer 44

New growth.

Question 45

What is Neoplasms?

Answer 45

Tumors.

Question 46

What is Oncology?

Answer 46

Study of tumors.

Question 47

What does Benign mean?

Answer 47

Non cancerous. (Can still cause problems)

Question 48

*** What is Fibroma?

Answer 48

Benign tumor of fibrous tissue.

Question 49

*** What is Chondroma?

Answer 49

Benign tumor of cartilage.

Question 50

*** What is Adenoma?

Answer 50

Benign tumor of glandular tissue.

Question 51

*** What is Cystadenoma?

Answer 51

Benign tumor of cysts.

Question 52

*** What is Limpoma?

Answer 52

Benign tumor of fat.

Question 53

*** What is Myoma?

Answer 53

Benign tumor of muscle.

Question 54

*** What is Angioma?

Answer 54

Benign tumor of blood vessels.

Question 55

*** What is Granuloma?

Answer 55

Area of old inflammation.

Question 56

What does Malignant mean?

Answer 56

Cancerous.

Question 57

3 main cancers Sharron wants us to know?

Answer 57

1. Carcinoma 2. Sarcoma 3. Leukemia

Question 58

What is cancer?

Answer 58

Uncontrolled growth of destructive cells.

Question 59

What does metastasize mean?

Answer 59

To spread to other sites.

Question 60

What is Carcinogen?

Answer 60

Something that causes cancer. (Cigarettes, sun, x-Rays)

Question 61

When describing a tumor, what does differentiated mean?

Answer 61

Well defined.

Question 62

When describing a tumor, what does undifferentiated mean?

Answer 62

Not well defined, bizarre patterns.

Question 63

What is Lymphatic spread?

Answer 63

Cancer spread by the way of the lymphatic system.

Question 64

What is Hematogenous spread?

Answer 64

Cancer spread by way of the blood vessels.

Question 65

Treatments for cancer?

Answer 65

Surgery Radiation Therapy Hormonal Therapy Chemotherapy

Question 66

What is a Adhesion?

Answer 66

Scar tissue that binds together two pieces of anatomy that are normally separate. (Usually in the abdomen)

Question 67

What does chronic mean?

Answer 67

Developing slowly and persisting for a long period.

Question 68

What does acute mean?

Answer 68

Sudden onset.

Question 69

What is Etiology?

Answer 69

The study of the cause of disease.

Question 70

What is diagnosis?

Answer 70

Identification of a disease.

Question 71

What is Prognosis?

Answer 71

The prediction of the course of outcome of a disease.

Question 72

What is a lesion?

Answer 72

Generic term used to describe the many types of cellular that can occur in response to disease.

Question 73

What is bacteremia?

Answer 73

The presence of bacteria in the blood.

Question 74

What is Pyogenic bacteria?

Answer 74

Bacteria that leads to the formation of pus.

Question 75

What is an abscess?

Answer 75

A localized, usually encapsulated, collection of pus.

Question 76

What is a localized abscess?

Answer 76

Confined, restricted to a particular location.

Question 77

What is an encapsulated abscess?

Answer 77

Surrounded by a membrane.

Question 78

Pathology?

Answer 78

Study of disease.