2nd Final Flashcards
1
Q
What are changes within the patient that are not observable or measurable to the health care worker?
A
Symptoms.
2
Q
What does hypertrophy mean?
A
An increase in size.
3
Q
What does the prefix pre mean?
A
Before.
4
Q
What is an abscess?
A
A localized collection of pus.
5
Q
What is the term for massive bleeding?
A
Hemorrhage.
6
Q
What is the prefix post mean?
A
After.
7
Q
Pyogenic bacteria is bacteria that forms what?
A
Pus.
8
Q
What is an area of dead tissue referred to?
A
A necrotic area.
9
Q
What are changes within the patient that are observable or measurable?
A
Signs.
10
Q
What is an aneurysm?
A
An abnormal bulging of a blood vessel.
11
Q
What is the term that refers to abnormal growth and development?
A
Dysphasia.
12
Q
What is another word for malignant?
A
Cancerous.
13
Q
What is an abnormal accumulation of fluid called?
A
Edema.
14
Q
What is the definition of a neoplasm?
A
New growth or new tumor.
15
Q
What does idiopathic mean?
A
The cause is unknown.
16
Q
What is an abnormal opening between two organs called?
A
A fistula.
17
Q
What does the prefix hypo refer to?
A
Under, two little, less than normal.
18
Q
What does iatrogenic mean?
A
Caused by physician.
19
Q
What is cardiomegaly?
A
An enlarged heart.
20
Q
What is angiomas?
A
Benign tumor is blood vessels.
21
Q
Redness, heat, swelling, and pain collectively describe what?
A
Inflammation.
22
Q
What is air in the pleural space called?
A
Pneumothorax.
23
Q
What is ischemia?
A
The decrease of blood supply to an organ.
24
Q
What is fluid in the pleural space called?
A
Pleural effusion.
25
What does the prefix myo refer to?
Muscle.
26
What term refers to the study of function within the human body?
Anatomy.
27
What does the prefix chondro refer to?
Cartilage.
28
What term refers to the study of function within the human body?
Physiology.
29
What is the study of disease?
Pathology.
30
A disease genetically transmitted from parent to child is termed what?
A hereditary disease.
31
What is a term that refers to blood vessels?
Blood vessels.
32
Which body system is responsible for supplying the body with oxygen?
Respiratory system.
33
What is the term for not well defined; bizarre pattern?
Undifferentiated.
34
Durning a CT exam, what is the part of the machine that the patient couch travels into and out of?
Gantry.
35
Which body system is responsible for supplying blood to organs and tissues of the body?
Cardiovascular system.
36
What does the prefix hyper refer to?
Over; excessive.
37
What is the test tool called that is radiographed to evaluate image quality?
A phantom.
38
What is the hilum of an organ?
The area where structures enter and exit an organ.
39
What is the disease classification that refers to deterioration of the body; associated with the aging process?
Degenerative disease.
40
Which modality must screen their patients for possible metallic objects implanted or imbedded in them?
MRI.
41
Where is the parietal pleura located in relationships to the lungs?
The outer membrane.
42
What is the term that means a disease or condition is present at birth?
Congenital.
43
Which modality utilizes a gamma camera to detect radiation and form an image?
Nuclear medicine.
44
What is the king disease characterized by the excessive secretion of mucus?
Cystic fibrosis.
45
What term refers to the sudden onset of signs or symptoms of a disease?
Acute.
46
Which modality utilizes radiophramaceuticals to emit radiation?
Nuclear medicine.
47
Vasodilators are medications that make ? Larger/smaller?
The lumen of blood vessels larger.
48
If a lesion is found during an angiogram procedure, describe where is the lesion found?
In a blood vessel.
49
Which body habitus has the heart laying the most transverse and the diaphragm placed the highest?
Hypersthenic.
50
Bronchoconstrictors are medications that make ? Larger/smaller?
The lumen of bronchi smaller.
51
How can a disease be described that develops slowly and persists over a long period of time?
Chronic.
52
Which body habitus is characterized by the heart laying more vertical, the lungs are long, the diaphragm low?
Asthenic.
53
What pathologic condition can be seen as narrowing of the trachea on an X ray?
Croup.
54
What organ are the biliary ducts found?
Liver.
55
What is another way of referring to organs of the chest?
Thoracic viscera.
56
Why what respiratory disease affects infants and has a high rate is nosocomial infection?
RSV.
57
In ultrasonography, what is the device used to send and receive the signal?
Transducer.
58
What is another way of referring to the structures of the chest made of bones?
Bony thorax.
59
COPD can be described as the over inflation of the lungs. How can over inflation be described radiographically?
Radiolucent.
60
Which condition is characterized by the narrowing of airways as a response to allergens?
Asthma.
61
What does the prefix peri refer to?
Around.
62
What is describe as a collection of blood outside the blood vessel?
Hematoma.
63
What is another name for a collapsed lung?
Atelectasis.
64
What does the prefix epi refer to?
Above.
65
What is describe as tissue death due to a decrease in blood supply to an organ or tissue?
Infarction (nercrosis- tissue death)
| Ischemia - decrease in blood supply.
66
What is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space called?
Pleural effusion.
67
What does the prefix neo refer to?
New.
68
What is the term for the identification of a disease.
Diagnosis.
69
Why is a hemoptysis?
Coughing up blood.
70
What does the prefix post- refer to?
After.
71
What is the term for the prediction of the course of outcome of a disease?
Prognosis.
72
What other term can be used to interchangeably with emphysema?
COPD.
73
What does the prefix sub refer to?
Below.
74
What does hypoxia refer to?
Lack of oxygen.
75
What term best describes the study of neoplasms?
Oncology.
76
What does the suffix itis refer to?
Inflammation.
77
What is another term for noncancerous?
Benign.
78
What does the prefix hetero refer to?
Different.
79
What does the prefix intra refer to?
Within.
80
What is the name of an infection that is obtained while hospitalized?
Nosocomial.
81
What does the suffix Lysis and Lytic refer to?
To dissolve.
82
What causes the infection in the lungs in histoplasmosis?
Fungi.
83
What is the term for the study of the cause of disease?
Etiology.
84
What does the prefix poly refer to?
Many.
85
What is the term for scar tissue that binds together two pieces of anatomy?
Adhesions.
86
What is the term for something that causes cancer?
Carcinogen.
87
What does the prefix osteo refer to?
Bone.
88
What is described as an inflammation of the lungs that is caused by bacteria or a virus?
Pneumonia.
89
What is atrophy; wasting away?
A decrease in size.
90
What is the structures called that separate the epiphysis from the diaphysis in children?
Epiphyseal plate (growth plate)
91
What is another term for degenerative joint disease (DJD)?
Osteoarthritis.
92
What part of the body does a jones fracture refer to?
Base of the 5th metatarsal of the foot.
93
What is the epiphyseal plate made of?
Cartilage.
94
What is the term for an incomplete fracture that is common in children?
Greenstick fracture.
95
What part of the body does a Colles fracture pertain to?
Wrist.
96
What is arthritis?
Inflammation of a joint.
97
What is a fracture describe as a small bone fragment torn from a bony prominence?
Avulsion fracture.
98
Where does the humeral head project on a Y view with anterior dislocation?
Below the coracoid process.
99
What is osteomyelitis?
Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow.
100
What is the term for a buckling fracture?
Torus fracture.
101
What disease of the bone is characterized by the destruction of bone followed by a reparative process?
Paget's disease.
102
What is osteomalacia?
Softening of the bone.
103
What is the term for a fracture that results in the bone to be bowed?
Bowing fracture.
104
What is the name of the double membranous sac that encloses the abdominal organs?
Peritoneum.
105
Why is rickets?
Softening of the bone in children. (vitamin d deficiency).
106
What is a fracture that results in the bone sticking out of the skin?
Open fracture.
107
What two blood vessels transport blood to the liver?
Hepatic artery & portal vein.
108
What disease of the bone is also known as "marble bones" and appears more radiopaque than normal bones?
Osteopetrosis.
109
What is the term for the displacement of a bone from its normal articulation?
Dislocation.
110
What is the function of the gallbladder?
To store bile.
111
What is the term for bony fusion across a joint?
Ankylosis.
112
What is a fracture that results in more than two bone framents?
Comminuted fracture.
113
What two ducts join to form the common bile duct?
Common hepatic & cystic ducts.
114
Describe the radiographic appearance of osteoporosis?
Radiolucent.
115
The fat pad sign is associated with what body part?
Elbow.
116
What two ducts join to form the ampulla of vater?
Common bile duct & and pancreatic ducts.
117
What disease is characterized by loss of joint cartilage and narrowing of a joint space?
Osteoarthritis.
118
What is the forward displacement of one vertebral body over a lower one?
Spondylolithesis.
119
What is the term for the radiographic examination of the biliary ducts after contract is injected?
Cholangiogram.
120
What is the most distal portion of the small intestine?
Ileum.
121
What is the twisting of a bowel loop on itself termed?
Volvulus.
122
The apple core sign is usually indicative of cancer of what?
The colon.
123
What is the most proximal portion of the small intestine?
Duodenum.
124
What is an obstruction due to lack of peristalsis termed?
An ileus.
125
What vein is obstructed with cirrhosis?
Portal vein.
126
What is the most proximal portion of the large intestine called?
Cecum.
127
What is biliary stenosis?
Narrowing of the bile ducts.
128
What liver disease is associated with esophageal varices?
Cirrhosis.
129
Why organ does the cystic duct arise from?
Gallbladder.
130
What is cholelithiasis?
The presence of gallstones.
131
What is the primary causes of cirrhosis?
Alcoholism.
132
What is the term for an abnormal protrusion of an organ through an opening?
Hernia.
133
What is cholecystits?
Inflammation of the gallbladder.
134
What does the urinary system filter?
Blood.
135
What does GERD stand for?
Gastroesophageal reflux disease.
136
What condition does distended loops of bowel demonstrate?
A bowel obstruction.
137
What are the functional units of the kidneys called?
Nephrons.
138
What the most common cause of esophagitis?
GERD.
139
Why pathology does free air demonstrate?
A perforated bowel.
140
What are the cup shaped structures called in the kidney that the collecting ducts empty into?
Minor calyces.
141
What is the condition called when there is an absence of an opening that should be normally be there?
Atresia.
142
What is a cluster of capillaries called within a nephron of a kidney?
A glomerulus.
143
What is the procedure preformed to see inside the bowel with a fiber optic camera?
Endoscopy.
144
What is another term for dilated, torturous veins?
Varicose veins; varices.
145
What is cholecystectomy?
The surgical removal of the gallbladder.
146
What is another name for the glomerular capsule?
The bowmans capsule.
147
What is telescoping of the bowel into itself termed?
Intussusception.
148
During a T-tube cholangiogram what anatomy is visualized when following the antegrade flow of contrast?
Duodenum.
149
What unite and form the renal pelvis?
Major calyces.
150
What is considered the actual filter in the kidneys?
The glomerulus.
151
What is the medical term for a dilated kidney?
Hydronephrosis.
152
What is the general term that refers to the structures that supply the brain tissue with blood?
The cerebral arteries.
153
What is the cortex of the kidney?
Outer layer of renal tissue.
154
What is a stone called that completely fills the renal pelvis?
A staggers calcuclus.
155
What supplies the heart with blood?
The coronary arteries.
156
What does retroperitoneum refer to?
Behind the peritoneum.
157
What would cause a dilated kidney?
An obstruction of the ureter.
158
What is the relaxation phase of the heart termed?
Diastole.
159
Define retrograde.
Against renal artery.
160
What is the telescoping of the distal ureter into the bladder termed?
A ureterocele.
161
What initiates the electrical impulse of the heart?
The SA node.
162
What supplies the kidney with blood?
The renal artery.
163
What is the condition of a kidney with two ureters termed?
Duplication.
164
What is the structures that separates the right and left chambers of the heart?
Te septum.
165
What is absence of an organ termed?
Agenesis.
166
What is the disease characterized by many cysts within the kidney?
Polycystic kidney disease.
167
What is the term that means heart muscle?
Myocardium.
168
What is the condition characterized by the fusion of the lower poles of the kidneys?
Horseshoe kidney.
169
What is the presence of blood in the urine termed?
Hematuria.
170
What is the systemic circulation?
Blood from the heart, to the body, then back to the the heart.
171
What does the term dysuria mean?
Painful urination.
172
Renal failure is the failure of the ? to do what?
Kidneys, to filter blood.
173
What is the accumulation of plaque termed?
Atherosclerosis.
174
Explain dialysis.
A procedure that involves the filtering of blood by a machine.
175
What is nephrectomy?
The surgical removal of a kidney.
176
What is term for a decrease blood supply to an organ or tissue?
Ischemia.
177
What is an abnormally positioned kidney called?
An ectopic kidney.
178
What major structures are the cardiovascular system composed of?
The heart and blood vessels.
179
What is coarctation?
A congenital narrowing of the aorta.
180
With one word, what is coronary artery disease?
Atherosclerosis.
181
What is the most common access site for angiography?
Femoral artery.
182
Why two structures does the mitral valve lie between?
Left atrium and left ventricle.
183
What is the term for a hole between the atria of the heart?
Atrial septal defect.
184
What CHF?
Congestive heart failure.
185
Why 3 structures make up the brain?
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Brain stem.
186
What term describes the narrowing of the lumen of an artery?
Stenosis.
187
What artery condition is at risk for rupture?
Aneurysm.
188
What is the structure made of nerves fibers that connects the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum?
Corpus callosum.
189
What is the branch of medicine that specializes in cancer?
Oncology.
190
What is the term for a decreased blood supply to an organ or tissue?
Ischemia.
191
What is the inner most layer of a blood vessel?
Intima.
192
How far down does the spinal cord extend?
L1/L2?
193
What is angina?
Chest pain.
194
What is the term for hardening of the arteries?
Arteriosclerosis.
195
What is the outermost meninge?
Dura matter.
196
What is a myocardial infarction?
Heart attack.
197
What is bother name for a thrombus?
Blood clot.
198
What is the space between the arachnoid and the dura matter?
Subdural space.
199
What does CABG stand for?
Coronary artery bypass graft.
200
What is the condition where the layers of a blood vessel are separated?
Dissection.
201
What is a common cause of a brain abscess?
Sinus infection.
202
What is the term for the force exerted by the circulation blood on the blood vessel walls?
Blood pressure.
203
Where does a thrombus travel to cause a pulmonary embolism?
Pulmonary arteries.
204
What is empyema?
A collection of pus.
205
What is the term for high blood pressure?
Hypertensive.
206
Where does a thrombus usually come from to cause pulmonary embolism?
Deep veins of the legs.
207
For which type of stroke are blood thinners contraindicated?
Hemorrhagic.
208
What is the condition characterized by the failure of the heart to supply the body with enough blood?
Congestive heart failure.
209
What two structures does the aortic valve lie between?
Left ventricle and aorta.
210
What is the term for decline in memory?
Dementia.
