Test 3 IV Solutions

Question 1

What are the resources needed to find information regarding IV medications?

Answer 1

• Intravenous Medications (tertiary reference)
• Handbook on Injectable Drugs
• AHFS Drug Information

Question 2

D5W

Answer 2

• 5 % dextrose in water
• 5 gm dextrose per 100 mL
• Slightly hypotonic 250 mOsm/L
• pH = 3.5-6.5
• Ordered by volume, rate, mg/kg/min, calories

Question 3

NS

Answer 3

• Normal Saline
• 0.9 % Sodium Chloride (MW = 23 + 35.4)
• Isotonic 300 mOsm/L
• Ordered by volume, rate

Question 4

½ NS

Answer 4

• One-half normal saline
• 0.45 % Sodium Chloride (MW = 23 + 35.4)
• hypotonic

Question 5

D5 ½NS

Answer 5

• 5% Dextrose in Water and half normal saline

* 400 mOsm very slightly hypertonic

Question 6

D5 1/4NS

Answer 6

• 5% Dextrose in Water and quarter normal saline
• 0.2 % Sodium Chloride (MW = 23 + 35.4) (Hospira brand is D5W and 0.225% NaCl)
• Slightly hypertonic
• Pediatric base solution

Question 7

Sodium Bicarbonate

Answer 7

• NaHCO3
• pH 7-8.5
• 8.4% solution = 1 mEq bicarbonate/mL

Question 8

Sodium Acetate

Answer 8

• Converted to bicarbonate in the liver

* pH 6-7

Question 9

Other IV base solutions

Answer 9

• Ringer’s Injection
• Lactated Ringer’s Injection
• Dextrose-Ringer’s Injection
• Dextrose-Lactated Ringer’s injection (D5LR)
• Sterile Water for Injection

Question 10

Plasma Expanders

Answer 10

• Albumin (5%, 20%, 25%)
• Plasma Protein Fraction (Plamanate)
• Dextran 40 (in Dextrose or in Sodium Chloride)
• Dextran 70
• Hetastarch in Sodium Chloride (Hespan, 6% Hetastarch in 0.9% NaCl)