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OU Practice Fall 2017 > Test 2 Steroids > Flashcards

Test 2 Steroids Flashcards

1
Q

Westcort®

A
  • hydrocortisone valerate
  • potent
  • topical -> poison ivy, contact dermatitis
  • relief itching or skin inflammation
  • caution with dermatological infections (ex. fungal infections)
  • ointment or cream 0.2%
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2
Q

Cortef®, Cortenema®

A
  • hydrocortisone
  • oral: long term use for patients who do not produce cortisone
  • enema: used for digestive hyper-immune diseases
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3
Q

Solu-Cortef®

A
  • hydrocortisone
  • Endocrine disorder / inflammatory disorders
  • Systemic injectable
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4
Q

Deltasone®

A
  • prednisone
  • Treatment of allergic & inflammatory diseases
  • tapered doses for allergic reactions
  • Metabolized to prednisolone
  • 5-60mg/day
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5
Q

Orapred®

A
  • prednisolone
  • Treatment of allergic & inflammatory diseases
  • pay attention to solution concentration
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6
Q

Medrol®

A
  • methylprednisolone
  • Treatment of allergic and inflammatory diseases
  • 4mg dosepak
  • common side effect: insomnia
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7
Q

Solu-Medrol®

A
  • methylprednisolone
  • acute treatment of allergic & inflammatory diseases
  • systemic injection
  • used in ER
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8
Q

Decadron®

A
  • dexamethasone
  • Treatment of allergic & inflammatory diseases and asthma
  • Note concentration with liquid dosage form 1 mg/mL vs. 0.5mg/5 mL
  • potent
  • dosepak not used often
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9
Q

Celestone®

A
  • betamethasone
  • potent
  • Treatment of allergic & inflammatory diseases
  • Topical and injectable dosage forms
  • Topical foam, injectable suspension
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10
Q

Kenalog®

A
  • triamcinalone
  • inflammation
  • injection and cream
  • doctors use this with special formulations
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11
Q

Nasacort AQ®

A
  • triamcinalone
  • Chronic treatment of allergic rhinitis
  • 2 sprays in each nostril daily
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12
Q

Flonase®

A
  • fluticasone propionate
  • Flonase Allergy is an OTC product (2 sprays in each nostril daily for a week and taper down to 1-2 sprays daily)
  • prescription: may start with loading dose: ii sprays in each nostril BID, down to ii sprays each nostril QD
  • Therapeutic effects are not seen immediately
  • suspension: shake well before use
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13
Q

Veramyst ®

A
  • fluticasone furoate
  • different ester form of fluticasone
  • Rx only
  • used for allergic rhinitis
  • Therapeutic effects are not seen immediately
  • suspension: shake well before use
  • 2 sprays in each nostril daily
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14
Q

Flovent ® MDI

A
  • fluticasone
  • Chronic treatment of asthma
  • Therapeutic effects are not seen immediately
  • high potency
  • 3 strengths: 44, 110, 220 mcg
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15
Q

Advair ®

A
  • salmeterol and fluticasone
  • Steroid & Long-Acting-Beta-2 agonist combination
  • chronic treatment of asthma: one puff BID 150/50, 250/50, 500/50
  • COPD: one puff BID 250/50
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16
Q

Symbicort ®

A
  • budesonide and formoterol
  • MDI
  • Steroid & Long-Acting-Beta-2 agonist combination
  • Chronic treatment of asthma: start at 80/4.5 strength, after 2 wk increase to higher strength if need
  • Chronic treatment of COPD: 160/4.5 mg
  • 2 inhalations BID
17
Q

Pulmicort®

A
  • budesonide
  • Chronic treatment of asthma
  • Available as a solution for nebulization Pulmicort respules (only steroid that has a nebulizer solution )
  • BID dosing
18
Q

Rhinocort AQ®

A
  • budesonide
  • Allergic rhinitis
  • for chronic treatment
  • there is a OTC product
  • start with two sprays daily then decrease to one spray in each nostril daily
19
Q

Principles of Asthma treatment

A
  • prevent symptoms by reducing inflammation
  • must be taken daily
  • do not expect quick relief
  • acute / rescue meds used to treat active asthma attack or bronchospasm
20
Q

key indicators for considering diagnosis of asthma

A
  • wheezing
  • history of: cough, wheeze, chest tightness, diff. breathing
  • symptoms occur / worsen in the presence under certain circumstances
  • symptoms occur / worsen at night
21
Q

possible asthma if symptoms occur / worsen in the presence of these conditions

A
  • Exercise
  • Viral infection
  • Animals with fur or hair
  • House-dust mites (in mattresses, pillows, upholstered furniture, carpets)
  • Mold
  • Smoke (tobacco, wood)
  • Pollen
  • Changes in weather
  • Strong emotional expression (laughing or crying hard)
  • Airborne chemicals or dusts
  • Menstrual cycles
22
Q

Goals of therapy to achieve asthma control

A

♦ Prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms
♦ Require infrequent use (≤2 days a week) of inhaled SABA for quick relief of symptoms
♦ Maintain (near) “normal” pulmonary function
♦ Maintain normal activity levels
♦ Meet patients’ and families’ expectations of satisfaction with asthma care
♦ Prevent recurrent exacerbations of asthma and minimize the need for ED visits
♦ Prevent progressive loss of lung function; for children, prevent reduced lung growth
♦ Provide optimal pharmacotherapy with minimal or no adverse effects

23
Q

What are common side effects with steroids?

A 
♦ short-term 
- insomnia 
- upset stomach (take with food)
- increased appetite -> weight gain 
♦ long-term 
- increased blood pressure / sugar 
- moon face
- osteoporosis 
- decrease growth of children 
- increased susceptibility to infections
- adrenal suppression 
- peptic ulcer disease
24
Q

Qvar®

A
  • beclomethasone
  • inhaled corticosteroid
  • for chronic asthma
  • 40/320 inhale BID
25
Q

Beconase AQ ®

A
  • beclomethasone
  • nasal spray steroid
  • for rhinitis
  • not immediate effect
  • 1-2 sprays each nostril BID
26
Q

Elocon ®

A
  • mometasone
  • topical cream, ointment, lotion
  • Dermatoses, rashes, allergic reaction
  • apply sparingly once daily
27
Q

Nasonex®

A
  • mometasone
  • steroid
  • allergic rhinitis
  • chronic
  • 2 sprays each nostril daily
28
Q

Florinef®

A
  • fludrocortisone
  • mineral corticosteroid effect
  • Promotes increased reabsorption of sodium and loss of potassium from kidneys
  • used for Addison’s Disease
  • minimize the development of hyperkalemia
  • chronic condition
  • watch for edema
  • 0.1 mg daily
29
Q

What is one thing to keep in mind when considering steroid treatment?

A

effects will not be seen immediately; can take days to start seeing effect and weeks to see full effect

30
Q

Inhaled corticosteroids

A

used as maintenance therapy to prevent inflammation that leads to bronchospasm

31
Q

Nasal steroids

A

used as maintenance therapy to prevent symptoms of allergic rhinitis

32
Q

Burst systemic corticosteroid therapy

A

indicated for treatment of acute inflammation or allergic reaction

33
Q

Chronic systemic corticosteroid therapy

A

indicated for chronic inflammatory conditions or endocrine disorders

OU Practice Fall 2017 (26 decks)

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