test 2.4 Flashcards
before performing the posterior drawer test what do show you do
center the tibia on the femur
how do you perform the Quadriceps Active test
patient supine, knee flexed at 75 degrees and ask patient to contract their quads. A positive test results in if quads pull the tibial tuberosity anteriorly
how is the slocums test perform for the PCL
it is done the same way as for the ACL but if the heel is pointed outward it test the posterior medial corner and if the heel is pointed inward it test the posterior lateral corner
how is the Dial test performed
patient prone with knee at 90 degrees and dial outward, this test the PCL and then do it at 35-45 degrees and this test the posterior lateral corner
does the Dial test show linear or rotational instability
rotational instability
true or false
the tibiofemoral joint dislocation is a medical emergency
true
when is the knee the most stable
at 0 degrees of knee extension
true or false
LCL sprains are very rare
true
Which is stronger the MCL or LCL
MCL
What does the LCL sprain result in edema or afusion and what does the MCL sprain result in edema or afusion and why
LCL only edema because it is outside capsule
MCL is edema and afusion because it runs inside the capusle but is also outside
how is the Valgus stress test performed
ER tibia and perform test at 0 degrees which stress the capsule and ligament and perform again at 30 degrees which stress only the ligament
how is the Vargus stress test performed
IR tibia and test at 0 and 30 degrees and 0 degrees stress the capsule and ligament and 30 degrees stress only the ligament
what are the four types of meniscal tears
transverse tear
flap tear
torn horn tear
bucket handle tear
true or false
LCL and lateral mensical tear usually occur at the same time
false
what is the Thessalys test most efficient for
mensical tears
is an ACL injury more common in males or females
females
true or false
It is hard to tell the difference between a grade 1 and 2 ACL tear
true
whats the MOI for an ACL lesion
excessive tibial ER on a fixed femur with foot planted and concomitant valgus moment at knee
hyperextension of the knee in the CKC
what are the signs and symptoms for a ACL lesion
effusion hemarthosis ballotable patella anterior instability alot of pain followed by decrease of pain
what special test for a ACL lesion
sweep and ballotable patella Lachmans pivot shift anterior drawer slocums
what is the PCL responsible for
it is resonsible for 95% of passive restraint to posterior tibial displacement
what is important to rule out with a PCL lesion
injury to the posterolateral corner lesion
what is the MOI for a PCL lesion and which is the most common
falling on knee when flexed
dashboard knee (most common)
violent knee hyperextension
severe rotational mechanism
what are the signs and symptoms for a PCL injury
effusion hemarthosis ballotable patella swelling in popliteal fossa posterior instability rotatory instability
what are the special test for a PCL lesion
sweep and ballotable patella posterior drawer Godfreys (posterior sag) Quadriceps active test Dial test
what is the MOI for tibiofemoral joint dislocation
can occur secondary to traumatic hyperextension or lateral leverage
severe rotational mechanism at knee
what the signs and symptoms for tibiofemoral joint dislocation
capsule, cruicate and collateral ligaments usually torn
tibial artery can rupture
since tibiofemoral joint dislocation is a medical emergency what steps are needed to be excuted
check distal pulses periodically
monitor and Tx for shock
call EMS
