test 2.4

Question 1

before performing the posterior drawer test what do show you do

Answer 1

center the tibia on the femur

Question 2

how do you perform the Quadriceps Active test

Answer 2

patient supine, knee flexed at 75 degrees and ask patient to contract their quads. A positive test results in if quads pull the tibial tuberosity anteriorly

Question 3

how is the slocums test perform for the PCL

Answer 3

it is done the same way as for the ACL but if the heel is pointed outward it test the posterior medial corner and if the heel is pointed inward it test the posterior lateral corner

Question 4

how is the Dial test performed

Answer 4

patient prone with knee at 90 degrees and dial outward, this test the PCL and then do it at 35-45 degrees and this test the posterior lateral corner

Question 5

does the Dial test show linear or rotational instability

Answer 5

rotational instability

Question 6

true or false

the tibiofemoral joint dislocation is a medical emergency

Answer 6

true

Question 7

when is the knee the most stable

Answer 7

at 0 degrees of knee extension

Question 8

true or false

LCL sprains are very rare

Answer 8

true

Question 9

Which is stronger the MCL or LCL

Answer 9

MCL

Question 10

What does the LCL sprain result in edema or afusion and what does the MCL sprain result in edema or afusion and why

Answer 10

LCL only edema because it is outside capsule

MCL is edema and afusion because it runs inside the capusle but is also outside

Question 11

how is the Valgus stress test performed

Answer 11

ER tibia and perform test at 0 degrees which stress the capsule and ligament and perform again at 30 degrees which stress only the ligament

Question 12

how is the Vargus stress test performed

Answer 12

IR tibia and test at 0 and 30 degrees and 0 degrees stress the capsule and ligament and 30 degrees stress only the ligament

Question 13

what are the four types of meniscal tears

Answer 13

transverse tear
flap tear
torn horn tear
bucket handle tear

Question 14

true or false

LCL and lateral mensical tear usually occur at the same time

Answer 14

false

Question 15

what is the Thessalys test most efficient for

Answer 15

mensical tears

Question 16

is an ACL injury more common in males or females

Answer 16

females

Question 17

true or false

It is hard to tell the difference between a grade 1 and 2 ACL tear

Answer 17

true

Question 18

whats the MOI for an ACL lesion

Answer 18

excessive tibial ER on a fixed femur with foot planted and concomitant valgus moment at knee

hyperextension of the knee in the CKC

Question 19

what are the signs and symptoms for a ACL lesion

Answer 19

effusion
hemarthosis
ballotable patella
anterior instability
alot of pain followed by decrease of pain

Question 20

what special test for a ACL lesion

Answer 20

sweep and ballotable patella 
Lachmans
pivot shift
anterior drawer
slocums

Question 21

what is the PCL responsible for

Answer 21

it is resonsible for 95% of passive restraint to posterior tibial displacement

Question 22

what is important to rule out with a PCL lesion

Answer 22

injury to the posterolateral corner lesion

Question 23

what is the MOI for a PCL lesion and which is the most common

Answer 23

falling on knee when flexed

dashboard knee (most common)

violent knee hyperextension

severe rotational mechanism

Question 24

what are the signs and symptoms for a PCL injury

Answer 24

effusion
hemarthosis
ballotable patella
swelling in popliteal fossa
posterior instability
rotatory instability

Question 25

what are the special test for a PCL lesion

Answer 25

sweep and ballotable patella
posterior drawer
Godfreys (posterior sag)
Quadriceps active test
Dial test

Question 26

what is the MOI for tibiofemoral joint dislocation

Answer 26

can occur secondary to traumatic hyperextension or lateral leverage

severe rotational mechanism at knee

Question 27

what the signs and symptoms for tibiofemoral joint dislocation

Answer 27

capsule, cruicate and collateral ligaments usually torn

tibial artery can rupture

Question 28

since tibiofemoral joint dislocation is a medical emergency what steps are needed to be excuted

Answer 28

check distal pulses periodically

monitor and Tx for shock

call EMS