final 3.0

Question 1

how many bones consist of the lumbar, cervical, and thoracic

Answer 1

Lumbar= 5
Cervical=7
Thoracic=12

Question 2

what do the facet joints articulate with

Answer 2

surface arising from lamina

Question 3

what is the pars interarticularis

Answer 3

Area connecting superior and inferior facets

Question 4

which structure is T3 and T7 parallel with

Answer 4

T3 –scapular spine

T7 –inferior angle scapula

Question 5

which structure is L4 and L5 parallel with

Answer 5

L4—iliac crest

L5—PSIS

Question 6

is the intervertebral disc’s column anterior or posterior

Answer 6

anterior

Question 7

is the zygapophyseal joints column anterior or posterior and how many are there at each level

Answer 7

posterior and 2 at each level

Question 8

what is the anatomy of the intervertebral disc

Answer 8

Annulus fibrosis
“cake”
Nucleus pulposus
“jelly”
Vertebral endplates
“icing”

Question 9

true or false

the nuclues pulposus is mostly made of water

Answer 9

true

Question 10

flexion of the spine causes movement of the disc translation in which direction

Answer 10

posterior

Question 11

extension of the spine causes movement of the disc translation in which direction

Answer 11

anterior

Question 12

if the Superior facets face inward & slightly backward are they concave or convex

Answer 12

concave

Question 13

if the Inferior facets face outward and slightly forward are they concave or convex

Answer 13

convex

Question 14

does flexion and extension of the spine cause them to open or close and what happens if a person side-bends

Answer 14

Flexion = open
Extension = close
Side-bend = ipsilateral closes, contralateral opens

Question 15

what are the ROM at the lumar spine

Answer 15

flexion= 80 degrees
extension= 20-30 degrees
side-bending= 35 degrees
rotation= 45 degrees

Question 16

define the thoracolumbar fascia

Answer 16

Dense connective tissue envelopes spinal musculature

Question 17

define nutation and counternutation

Answer 17

nutation= flexion
counternutation= extension

Question 18

what does L-spine/innonimate extension cause at the sacrum

Answer 18

sacral nutation

Question 19

what does L-spine/innonimate flexion cause at the scarum

Answer 19

sacral counternutation

Question 20

whats the OIAN of multfidus

Answer 20

O: Sacrum
Transverse processes

I: Spinous processes

A: Extension
Rotation (opposite)
Lateral flexion (same)

IN: Dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves C1-L5

Question 21

whats OIAN of the transversospinalis

Answer 21

O: Transverse process

I: Spinous process (one above)

A: Extension
Rotation (opposite)
Lateral flexion (same)

IN: Posterior primary rami

Question 22

what is the meninges made of

Answer 22

Dura mater

Arachnoid mater

Pia mater

Cerebrospinal fluid

Question 23

what spinal bones the lumbar plexus include and which nerves do they innverate

Answer 23

Spinal nerves T12-L5
Lateral femoral cutaneous
Femoral nerve
Obturator nerve

Question 24

what spinal bones does the sacral plexus include and which nerves do they innverate

Answer 24

Spinal nerves L4-S3
Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Tibial nerve
Common peroneal nerve

Question 25

true or false

spinous process can be used for vertebral positioning

Answer 25

false they are used to tell the difference btw spinal levels

Question 26

true or false

transverse process can be used for vertebral positioning

Answer 26

true

Question 27

true or false

facet joints are not bathe in synovial fluid and allow movement

Answer 27

false they are bathed in synovial fluid

Question 28

does ALL or PLL resist flexion or extension

Answer 28

ALL=extension

PLL= flexion

Question 29

what is the Ligamentum flavum for

Answer 29

checks rotation and supports PLL and ALL

Question 30

whats the most common rotation for low back pain

Answer 30

diagonal or oblique

Question 31

true or false

Spinal is bathed in CSF

Answer 31

true