Tema 6: Social issues/ problemas sociales Flashcards

1
Q

crime

The police are gathering evidence at the scene of the crime.

A

el crimen
“kree-mehn”

La policía está recogiendo evidencias en la escena del crimen.

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2
Q

Improve media storytelling

A

mejorar la narracion mediatica

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3
Q

(consciousness)
social awareness

(moral sense)
social conscience

Climate protests around the world have shown that young people have a strong social conscience.

A

la conciencia social
(kohn-syehn-syah soh-syahl)

Las manifestaciones contra los cambios climáticos alrededor del mundo mostraron que los jóvenes tienen una fuerte conciencia social.

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4
Q

(to make harder or tougher)
to harden
to toughen

(body, spirit)
to strengthen

(character, personality)
to toughen up
to harden (to make emotionally callous)

(law, policy, stance)
to toughen

Her experiences have toughened up her character.

A

endurecer
(ehn-doo-reh-sehr)

Sus experiencias han endurecido su carácter.

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5
Q

inequality

Gender inequality is a serious problem in our society.

A

la desigualdad
“dehs-ee-gwahl-dahd

La desigualdad de género es un problema grave en nuestra sociedad.

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6
Q

discrimination

Paula sued her boss for pregnancy discrimination.

A

la discriminación
Spain: “dees-kree-mee-nah-thyohn
Latin America: ““dees-kree-mee-nah-syohn””

Paula demandó a su jefa por discriminación por embarazo

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7
Q

government

The present government was democratically elected.

A

el gobierno
“goh-byehr-noh”

El gobierno actual fue elegido democráticamente.

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8
Q

war

War is a horrible experience.

A

la guerra
geh-rrah”

La guerra es una experiencia horrible.

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9
Q

Civil war

The civil war divided both the nation and families.

A

la guerra civil
Spain: “geh-rrah thee-beel
Latin America: “”

La guerra civil dividió tanto a la nación como a las familias.

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10
Q

equality

Freedom and equality are principles worth fighting for.

A

la igualdad
“ee-gwahl-dahd

La libertad y la igualdad son principios por los que vale la pena luchar.

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11
Q

immigration

Illegal immigration is an issue that the government is worried about.

A

la inmigración
Spain: “een-mee-grah-thyohn
Latin America: “een-mee-grah-syohn

La inmigración ilegal es un asunto que preocupa al gobierno

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12
Q

peace

Europe was enjoying a period of peace and prosperity in 1914.

A

la paz
Spain: “pahth”

Europa disfrutaba de un periodo de paz y prosperidad en 1914

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13
Q

to fight

They don’t get along very well; they’re always arguing about something.

A

pelearse
“peh-leh-ahr-seh”

No se llevan muy bien; siempre están peleando por algo.

Yo: **
Tu: **
él/ Ella/ Usted: **
Nosotros (as): **
Vosotros (as): **
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: **

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14
Q

poor

Magda grew up in a poor neighborhood.

A

pobre
poh-breh”

Magda fue criada en un barrio pobre.

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15
Q

racism

Hitler’s racism advocated the superiority of the Aryan race.

A

el racismo
Spain: “rrah-thees-moh”
Latin America: “rrah-sees-moh”

El racismo de Hitler preconizaba la superioridad de la raza aria.

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16
Q

violence

Manuel pushed me with violence and I fell to the ground.

A

la violencia
Spain: “byoh-lehn-thyah”
Latin America: “byoh-lehn-syah”

Manuel me empujó con violencia y caí al piso.

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17
Q

homelessness

Homelessness is a social problem that is getting worse as the availability of affordable housing decreases.

A

la falta de vivienda

La falta de vivienda es un problema social que va empeorando a media que baja la disponibilidad de la vivienda asequible.

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18
Q

shanty towns

The family cobbled together a shack where the eight of them lived.

A

las chabolas
“chah-boh-lah”

La familia improvisó una chabola donde vivían sus ocho miembros.

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19
Q

rights

Every child has the right to an education.

A

los derechos
“deh-reh-choh”

Todos los niños tienen derecho a la educación.

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20
Q

development

Industrial development is vital for the economy of a country.

A

el desarrollo
“deh-sah-rroh-yoh”

El desarrollo industrial es vital para la economía de un país

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21
Q

unemployed people

Since I’m unemployed, I’ve sent dozens of resumes with no answer.

A

los desempleados
“dehs-ehm-pleh-ah-doh”

Desde que estoy desempleado, he enviado docenas de currículums sin respuesta.

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22
Q

hunger/famine

The UN launched a new campaign against hunger in Africa.

A

el hambre
ahm-breh”

La ONU lanzó una nueva campaña contra el hambre en África.

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23
Q

orphan

War left thousands of orphans behind.

A

el huérfano
wehr-fah-noh”

La guerra dejó atrás miles de huérfanos

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24
Q

homeless person

Many destitute people die of cold in winter.

A

el indigente
“een-dee-hehn-teh”

Muchas personas indigentes mueren de frío en invierno.

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25
Q

beggar

Every Christmas I prepare food for the homeless and beggars.

A

el mendigo
“mehn-dee-goh”

Todas las Navidades preparo comida para los que no tienen hogar y los mendigos.

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26
Q

infant mortality

This has contributed to the decline in infant mortality.

A

la mortalidad infantil

Esto ha contribuido a la disminución de la mortalidad infantil.

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27
Q

developed countries

Esto es 30 años menos que en los países desarrollados.

A

los países desarrollados

That is 30 years less than in the developed countries.

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28
Q

developing countries

This huge scandal is not limited to the developing countries.

A

los países en vías de desarrollo

Este escándalo no se limita a los países en vías de desarrollo.

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29
Q

unemployment

Unemployment rose in Valencia last March.

A

el paro
* “pah-roh”

el desempleo
* “dehs-ehm-pleh-oh”

El paro subió en Valencia el pasado mes de marzo.

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30
Q

the homeless

The number of homeless people in this city has skyrocketed in recent years due to the rise in the cost of living.

A

las personas sin hogar

El número de personas sin hogar en esta ciudad se ha disparado en los últimos años debido al alza en el costo de vida.

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31
Q

world population

Alimentar la población mundial es una parte clave de ello.

A

la población mundial

Feeding the global population is a key part of this.

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32
Q

extreme poverty

Un cuarto de la población mundial vive en la pobreza extrema.

A

la pobreza extrema

A quarter of the world’s population lives in extreme poverty.

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33
Q

resources

We have to be conscious that we don’t waste the planet’s natural resources.

A

recurso
“rreh-koor-soh”

Tenemos que ser conscientes de no gastar los recursos naturales del planeta.

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34
Q

wealth

He lost all his wealth in the stock market crash.

A

la riqueza
Spain: “rree-keh-thah”
Latin America: “rree-keh-sah”

Perdió toda su riqueza en la caída del mercado de valores

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35
Q

social services

The political leader stressed that education and medical care are social services that should be available to everyone.

A

los servicios sociales
Spain: “sehr-bee-thyoh soh-thyahl
Latin America: “sehr-bee-syoh soh-syahl

El líder político recalcó que la educación y la sanidad son servicios sociales a los que todos deberíamos tener acceso.

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36
Q

tramp

I volunteer at a soup kitchen for homeless people.

A

el vagabundo
“bah-gah-boon-doh”

Soy voluntario en un comedor para gente vagabunda

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37
Q

to increase

The demand increases the offer.

A

aumentar
“ow-mehn-tahr

La demanda aumenta la oferta

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38
Q

poverty

She was struck by the extreme poverty of the village.

A

la pobreza
Spain: “poh-breh-thah”
Latin America: “poh-breh-sah”

La extrema pobreza de la aldea la dejó pasmada.

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39
Q

rich

Her dream was to become rich and travel the world.

A

rico
rree-koh”

Su sueño era hacerse rico y viajar por el mundo.

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40
Q

the homeless

The homeless man begged on the streets to feed his dog.

A

los ‘sin techo’
“seen teh-choh”

El hombre sin techo pedía limosnas en las calles para alimentar a su perro.

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41
Q

wage, salary

Javier is happy with the salary he makes at his current job.

A

el sueldo
swehl-doh”

Javier está contento con el sueldo que gana en su trabajo actual.

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42
Q

a shame, disgrace

From the way he’s acting, it’s like he has no shame.

A

una vergüenza
Spain: “behr-gwehn-thah”
Latin America: “behr-gwehn-sah”

De la manera que actúa, parece que no tiene vergüenza

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43
Q

The pressure of studies.

You need to get to know yourself again and treat yourself like a friend without the pressure of school and work.

A

La presión de los estudios.

Tienes que escucharte, volverte a conocer, y tratarte como tratarías a un amigo sin la presión de los estudios o el trabajo.

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44
Q

antisocial behavior

Antisocial behavior is characterized in much the same way as psychopathy or sociopathy.

A

El comportamiento antisocial

El comportamiento antisocial se relaciona en gran parte por tener similitudes con la psicopatía o sociopatía.

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45
Q

The elderly

Aunque tenga 80 años, mi abuelo dice que no es un anciano.

A

Los ancianos
Spain: “ahn-thyah-noh”
Latin America: “ahn-syah-noh”

Aunque tenga 80 años, mi abuelo dice que no es un anciano.

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46
Q

Financial aid

Aid and debt relief, although necessary and critical measures, will not by themselves uplift the lives of the many poor in the world.

A

La ayuda económica

La ayuda económica y el alivio de la deuda, pese a ser medidas críticas y necesarias, no pueden por sí mismas elevar las vidas de los muchos pobres en el mundo.

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47
Q

food bank

Carlos works as a volunteer in a food bank on weekends

A

un banco de alimentos.
bahng-koh deh ah-lee-mehn-tohs”

Carlos trabaja de voluntario en un banco de alimentos los fines de semana.

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48
Q

to support

I would like to support this policy, but I have a few questions I want answered..

A

apoyar
“ah-poh-yahr

Regular

Me gustaría apoyar esta medida, pero tengo unas dudas que quiero resolver.

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49
Q

charity, charitable work

What is the charity?

A

la obra benéfica
oh-brah beh-neh-fee-kah”

¿Cuál es la obra benéfica?

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50
Q

charity, charitable organisation

I’m volunteering with a charity devoted to helping homeless young people.

A

la organización benéfica

Estoy trabajando como voluntaria en una organización benéfica dedicada a ayudar a jóvenes sin techo.

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51
Q

to collect/raise money/funds

Next month, we will be holding a benefit to raise money for the victims of the earthquake.

A

recaudar dinero/fondos
* “rreh-kow-dahr dee-neh-roh/ ohn-dohs

El mes próximo, ofreceremos una función benéfica para recaudar dinero para las víctimas del terremoto.

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52
Q

charity shop

In the Charity Shop there is a wide range of clothing for all the family, books–all at 1€ each–and bric-a-brac.

A

la tienda con fines benéficos

la tienda solidaria
“soh-lee-dah-ryah”

En la tienda solidaria hay una gran variedad de productos, desde ropa para toda la familia, pasando por los libros a 1€ y objetos diversos.

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53
Q

volunteer

On Tuesdays I work as a volunteer at an organization that helps immigrants.

A

el voluntario
“boh-loon-tah-ryoh”

Los martes trabajo como voluntario en una organización de ayuda a inmigrantes.

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54
Q

fair trade

Our NGO is committed to the most disadvantaged regions, and supports fair trade.

A

el comercio justo
* Spain: “koh-mehr-thyoh hoos-toh”
* Latin America: “koh-mehr-syoh hoos-toh”

Nuestra ONG está comprometida con las regiones más desfavorecidas, y apoya el comercio justo

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55
Q

humanitarian aid

¿Qué es más importante que la ayuda humanitaria de urgencia?

A

la ayuda humanitaria

What could be more important than humanitarian emergency aid?

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56
Q

voluntary work

When I have extra time, I like to do voluntary work.

A

el trabajo voluntario
“trah-bah-hoh boh-loon-tah-ryoh”

Cuando tengo tiempo libre, me gusta hacer trabajo voluntario.

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57
Q

co-operation

The sign above the offerings basket read: “Thank you for your contribution.”

A

la colaboración
Spain: “koh-lah-boh-rah-thyohn
Latin America: “koh-lah-boh-rah-syohn

El cartel arriba del canasto de las ofrendas decía: “Gracias por su colaboración”.

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58
Q

donations

The parish was revamped with the donations of the faithful.

A

las donaciones
Spain: “doh-nah-thyohn
Latin America: “doh-nah-syohn

La parroquia fue renovada gracias a las donaciones de los fieles.

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59
Q

NGOs

Soy miembro de una ONG que junta donaciones para dar a los más necesitados.

A

ONG
“oh-eh-neh-heh-eh-neh-heh”

Soy miembro de una ONG que junta donaciones para dar a los más necesitados.

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60
Q

responsibility

The dog is your pet and it’s your responsibility to look after him.

A

la responsabilidad
“rrehs-pohn-sah-bee-lee-dahd

El perro es tu mascota y es tu responsabilidad cuidarlo.

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61
Q

caring

My partner has been very supportive of me during these hard times.

A

solidario/a
“soh-lee-dah-ryoh”

Mi pareja ha sido muy solidaria conmigo en estos tiempos difíciles

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62
Q

to donate

I donate $100 to the Red Cross every month.

A

donar

Dono todos los meses 100 dólares a la Cruz Roja.

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63
Q

economic help

Aid must go to where it is most needed.

A

las ayudas económicas

Las ayudas económicas deben destinarse al lugar donde son más necesitadas.

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64
Q

to affect

Such policies will affect negatively the performance of our stocks.

A

afectar

regular

Políticas de esa índole afectarán negativamente el desempeño de nuestras acciones.

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65
Q

to change

I want to change my hair color.

A

cambiar
“kahm-byahr

Quiero cambiar el color de mi pelo.

Yo: Cambio
Tu: Cambias
él/ Ella/ Usted: Cambia
Nosotros (as): Cambiamos
Vosotros (as): Cambiáis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: Cambian

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66
Q

to give

I need you to give me a good idea for the party’s theme.

A

dar
“dahr”

Necesito que me des una idea para el tema de la fiesta

Yo: Doy
Tu: Das
él/ Ella/ Usted: Da
Nosotros (as): Damos
Vosotros (as): Dais
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: Dan

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67
Q

to improve

we need to improve their living conditions

A

mejorar
“meh-hoh-rahr

Necesitamos mejorar sus condiciones de vida.

Yo: Mejoro
Tu: Mejoras
él/ Ella/ Usted: Mejora
Nosotros (as): Mejoramos
Vosotros (as): Mejoráis
Ellos/ Ellas/ Ustedes: Mejoran

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68
Q

to solve

I don’t know how to solve the problem.

A

resolver
“rreh-sohl-behr

No sé cómo resolver el problema.

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69
Q

to do voluntary work

My grandfather works as a volunteer keeping elderly people company who are alone in the world.

A

trabajar como voluntario
“trah-bah-hahr koh-moh boh-loon-tah-ryoh”

Mi abuelo trabaja como voluntario acompañando a personas mayores que no tienen a nadie

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70
Q

to cross

A

cruzar

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71
Q

to worsen

A

empeorar

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72
Q

To propose

A

proponer

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73
Q

To provide

A

disponer

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74
Q

to carry our

A

realizar

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75
Q

to take care of

A

ocuparse de

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76
Q

to to raise children

A

criar

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77
Q

To realize that

A

darse cuenta que

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78
Q

to be thankful, to appreciate

A

agradecer

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79
Q

to fit in

A

adaptarse

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80
Q

to cross the border illegally

A

cruzar la frontera ilegalmente

81
Q

to leave behind, to permit

82
Q

to say goodbye

We said goodbye to 2023 with a lot of fireworks!

A

despedirse (i)

e to i

¡Nos despedimos del 2023 con muchos fuegos artificiales!

83
Q

to enter illegally

A

entrar ilegalmente

84
Q

To fail

85
Q

to immigrate

86
Q

to mistreat

87
Q

to vote

88
Q

to integrate into the community

A

integrarse en la comunidad

89
Q

they put their own life in danger

A

ponen en peligro su propria vida

90
Q

1.

bilingual

91
Q

citizen

A

el ciudadano

92
Q

right to vote

A

el derecho al voto

93
Q

predjudice

A

el prejuicio

94
Q

work permit

A

el permiso de trabajo

95
Q

heritage

A

la ascendencia

96
Q

deportation

A

la deportación

97
Q

failure to adjust

A

la inadaptación

98
Q

immigration police

99
Q

Immigration law

A

la ley de extranjería

100
Q

anti-discrimination laws

A

las leyes antidiscriminatorias

101
Q

immigration laws

A

las leyes de immigración

102
Q

human trafficking gangs

A

las mafias de trafico humano

103
Q

family members

A

los parientes

104
Q

It did not exist

A

no existía

105
Q

there were thousands of

A

había miles de

106
Q

(to expel from a country)
a. to deport

The authorities threatened to deport him from the country if he reoffended.

A

deportar

Las autoridades lo amenazaron con deportarlo del país si reincidía.

107
Q

CIUDAD: TIJUANA. Breve historia

El origen de la ciudad de Tijuana está unido al turismo, al ocio y a la prohibición de alcoholy
drogas en los Estados Unidos. Desde finales del siglo XIX llegan a Tijuana visitantes de toda California para presenciar carreras de cabalos y peleas dé boxêo , y también a los baños de aguas termales. En la década de los veinte y con la aprobación de la llamada “Ley Seca”, que prohibe en Estados Unidos la venta de alcohol, numerosos norteamericanos cruzan la frontera para buscar en México lo que no está permitido en su país.

Poco tiempo después se autorizan en México los juegos de azar y se abren importantes casinos, como el de la Selva, en Cuernavaca, El Foreign Club en las afueras del Distilo Federal y Agua Caliente, en Tijuana. Por ello hay ubicar esos años dentro de un contexto nacional e internacional y no como un fenomeno excusivo de Tjuana.

Los acontecimientos internacionales de los años cuarenta tienen profundas repercusiones en Tijuana. Por una parte, vienen numerosos turistas del vecino país a los centros nocturnos; por otra parte, se incrementa notablemente la migración de compatriotas del interior del país que esperan encontrar la solución a sus problemas de desempleo al otro lado de la frontera, en los Estados Unidos. Es asicomo en esa década Casi se tiplica le población de Tijuana, y de los 21,977 habitantes en 1940 la ciudad llega a tener en 1950 más de 65,000.

A partie de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, Tijuana experimenta una explosión demográfica solprendênte a causa de las fuertes corrientes migratorias del interior del país. Tijuana tiene entonces uno de los índices de incremento poblacional más alto de América Latina. Se estima que actualmente su población es aproximadamente de un millón y medio de habitantes, lo que la sitúa entre las primeras ciudades de la República, después del Distrito Federal, Guadalajara y Monterrey

A ello hay que añadir el sector de población fiotante constituido por las grandes cantidades de personas que viven en la ciudad temporalmente, antes de pasar a Estados Unidos o regresar a su tierra.

A consecuencia de su estrategica ubicación, las mafias nacionales e internacionales utilizan Tijuana como vía de acceso al mercado de drogas más importante del planeta. Por esta razón en los últimos añgs Tijuana aparece frecuentemente en los medios de comunicación, con una imagen vicliada al narcotráfico y a la violencia.

Pero la ciudad es más que crimen e inmigración. Cuenta con una importante estructura educativa. Hay instituciones públicas y privadas que destacan en el ámbito nacional, como la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California y el Colegio de la Frontera Norte. En materia de actividades culturales, está el Centro Cultural Tijuana (CECUT), que impulsa el arte y la cultura en sus diversas áreas.

A

CITY: TIJUANA. Brief history

The origin of the city of Tijuana is linked to tourism, leisure and the prohibition of alcohol.
drugs in the United States. Since the end of the 19th century, visitors from all over California have come to Tijuana to watch horse races and boxing fights, as well as to see the hot springs. In the 1920s and with the approval of the so-called “Prohibition Law”, which prohibited the sale of alcohol in the United States, numerous Americans crossed the border to search in Mexico for what is not allowed in their country.

Shortly after, games of chance were authorized in Mexico and important casinos were opened, such as La Selva, in Cuernavaca, El Foreign Club on the outskirts of the Federal District and Agua Caliente, in Tijuana. For this reason, those years must be located within a national and international context and not as a phenomenon exclusive to Tjuana.

The international events of the 1940s had profound repercussions in Tijuana. On the one hand, numerous tourists from the neighboring country come to the nightclubs; On the other hand, the migration of compatriots from the interior of the country who hope to find a solution to their unemployment problems on the other side of the border, in the United States, is increasing significantly. This is how in that decade the
population of Tijuana, and from the 21,977 inhabitants in 1940 the city had more than 65,000 in 1950.

Starting in the second half of the 20th century, Tijuana experienced a significant demographic explosion due to the strong migratory currents from the interior of the country. Tijuana then has one of the highest population increase rates in Latin America. It is estimated that its population is currently approximately one and a half million inhabitants, which places it among the first cities in the Republic, after the Federal District, Guadalajara and Monterrey.

To this we must add the floating population sector made up of the large numbers of people who live in the city temporarily, before moving to the United States or returning to their homeland.

As a result of its strategic location, national and international mafias use Tijuana as an access route to the most important drug market on the planet. For this reason, in recent years Tijuana frequently appears in the media, with an image that is victimized by drug trafficking and violence.

But the city is more than crime and immigration. It has an important educational structure. There are public and private institutions that stand out nationally, such as the Autonomous University of Baja California and the Colegio de la Frontera Norte. In terms of cultural activities, there is the Tijuana Cultural Center (CECUT), which promotes art and culture in its various areas.

108
Q

CITY: TIJUANA. Brief history

The origin of the city of Tijuana is linked to tourism, leisure and the prohibition of alcohol.
drugs in the United States. Since the end of the 19th century, visitors from all over California have come to Tijuana to watch horse races and boxing fights, as well as to see the hot springs. In the 1920s and with the approval of the so-called “Prohibition Law”, which prohibited the sale of alcohol in the United States, numerous Americans crossed the border to search in Mexico for what is not allowed in their country.

Shortly after, games of chance were authorized in Mexico and important casinos were opened, such as La Selva, in Cuernavaca, El Foreign Club on the outskirts of the Federal District and Agua Caliente, in Tijuana. For this reason, those years must be located within a national and international context and not as a phenomenon exclusive to Tjuana.

The international events of the 1940s had profound repercussions in Tijuana. On the one hand, numerous tourists from the neighboring country come to the nightclubs; On the other hand, the migration of compatriots from the interior of the country who hope to find a solution to their unemployment problems on the other side of the border, in the United States, is increasing significantly. This is how in that decade the
population of Tijuana, and from the 21,977 inhabitants in 1940 the city had more than 65,000 in 1950.

Starting in the second half of the 20th century, Tijuana experienced a significant demographic explosion due to the strong migratory currents from the interior of the country. Tijuana then has one of the highest population increase rates in Latin America. It is estimated that its population is currently approximately one and a half million inhabitants, which places it among the first cities in the Republic, after the Federal District, Guadalajara and Monterrey.

To this we must add the floating population sector made up of the large numbers of people who live in the city temporarily, before moving to the United States or returning to their homeland.

As a result of its strategic location, national and international mafias use Tijuana as an access route to the most important drug market on the planet. For this reason, in recent years Tijuana frequently appears in the media, with an image that is victimized by drug trafficking and violence.

But the city is more than crime and immigration. It has an important educational structure. There are public and private institutions that stand out nationally, such as the Autonomous University of Baja California and the Colegio de la Frontera Norte. In terms of cultural activities, there is the Tijuana Cultural Center (CECUT), which promotes art and culture in its various areas.

A

CIUDAD: TIJUANA. Breve historia

El origen de la ciudad de Tijuana está unido al turismo, al ocio y a la prohibición de alcoholy
drogas en los Estados Unidos. Desde finales del siglo XIX llegan a Tijuana visitantes de toda California para presenciar carreras de cabalos y peleas dé boxêo , y también a los baños de aguas termales. En la década de los veinte y con la aprobación de la llamada “Ley Seca”, que prohibe en Estados Unidos la venta de alcohol, numerosos norteamericanos cruzan la frontera para buscar en México lo que no está permitido en su país.

Poco tiempo después se autorizan en México los juegos de azar y se abren importantes casinos, como el de la Selva, en Cuernavaca, El Foreign Club en las afueras del Distilo Federal y Agua Caliente, en Tijuana. Por ello hay ubicar esos años dentro de un contexto nacional e internacional y no como un fenomeno excusivo de Tjuana.

Los acontecimientos internacionales de los años cuarenta tienen profundas repercusiones en Tijuana. Por una parte, vienen numerosos turistas del vecino país a los centros nocturnos; por otra parte, se incrementa notablemente la migración de compatriotas del interior del país que esperan encontrar la solución a sus problemas de desempleo al otro lado de la frontera, en los Estados Unidos. Es asicomo en esa década Casi se tiplica le población de Tijuana, y de los 21,977 habitantes en 1940 la ciudad llega a tener en 1950 más de 65,000.

A partie de la segunda mitad del siglo XX, Tijuana experimenta una explosión demográfica solprendênte a causa de las fuertes corrientes migratorias del interior del país. Tijuana tiene entonces uno de los índices de incremento poblacional más alto de América Latina. Se estima que actualmente su población es aproximadamente de un millón y medio de habitantes, lo que la sitúa entre las primeras ciudades de la República, después del Distrito Federal, Guadalajara y Monterrey

A ello hay que añadir el sector de población fiotante constituido por las grandes cantidades de personas que viven en la ciudad temporalmente, antes de pasar a Estados Unidos o regresar a su tierra.

A consecuencia de su estrategica ubicación, las mafias nacionales e internacionales utilizan Tijuana como vía de acceso al mercado de drogas más importante del planeta. Por esta razón en los últimos añgs Tijuana aparece frecuentemente en los medios de comunicación, con una imagen vicliada al narcotráfico y a la violencia.

Pero la ciudad es más que crimen e inmigración. Cuenta con una importante estructura educativa. Hay instituciones públicas y privadas que destacan en el ámbito nacional, como la Universidad Autónoma de Baja California y el Colegio de la Frontera Norte. En materia de actividades culturales, está el Centro Cultural Tijuana (CECUT), que impulsa el arte y la cultura en sus diversas áreas.

109
Q

Luis Bunel

Nació el 22 de febrero de 1900 en Calanda, España en el seno de una familia de profundas creencias religiosas. Educado por los jesuitas el joven Luis a la temprana edad de 16 años rechazó todas las creencias católicas. Posteriormente, en 1917 se matriculó en la Universidad de Madrid para estudiar ciencia. En este tiempo conoció a Salvador Dalí y a Federico Garcia Lorca, que tuvieron una influencia fundamental en su obra y en su vida. Buñuel se graduó en 1924 y fijó su residencia en Francia, donde se respiraba un aire de modernismo que rápidamente le atrajo.
En París, conoció al director Jean Epstein, quien le dio un trabajo como periodista en el periódico Caheiers d’Art. Entonces, Dali se unió a Buñuel y juntos produjeron la primera y experimental película de Buñuel, ‘Un perro andaluz’ (Un chien Anadalou) en 1928. En España se prohibió esta original muestra de talento, todo un clásico surrealista, por su ferocidad en la famosa escena del
ojo y la cuchilla.

A

He was born on February 22, 1900 in Calanda, Spain into a family with deep religious beliefs. Educated by the Jesuits, young Luis at the early age of 16 rejected all Catholic beliefs. Later, in 1917 he enrolled at the University of Madrid to study science. During this time he met Salvador Dalí and Federico Garcia Lorca, who had a fundamental influence on his work and life. Buñuel graduated in 1924 and took up residence in France, where there was an air of modernism that quickly attracted him.
In Paris, he met director Jean Epstein, who gave him a job as a journalist at the Caheiers d’Art newspaper. Dali then joined Buñuel and together they produced Buñuel’s first experimental film, ‘An Andalusian Dog’ (Un chien Anadalou) in 1928. This original display of talent, a surrealist classic, was banned in Spain for its ferocity in the famous scene of
eye and blade.

110
Q

Transcription
Painters, poets, illustrators, sculptors, thinkers, novelists. women, all of them great and artists. Through their art they challenged social norms in Spain in the 1930s. However, their names are little known or unknown or not so studied.
like the other greats of the Generation of ‘27.
(Mercedes Gómez Blesa): “Well, the female and male members maintained a close relationship. What is not understood is how in history manuals, in literature manuals, these women do not appear with the same frequency as the members.
men of this generation”.
It is not understood or, unfortunately, it is. Their condition as women banished many of them after exile. Today we are going to remember them in “The Hatless Ones”, a documentary
absolutely essential.

A

Transcription
Painters, poets, illustrators, sculptors, thinkers, novelists. women, all of them great and artists. Through their art they challenged social norms in Spain in the 1930s. However, their names are little known or unknown or not so studied.
like the other greats of the Generation of ‘27.
(Mercedes Gómez Blesa): “Well, the female and male members maintained a close relationship. What is not understood is how in history manuals, in literature manuals, these women do not appear with the same frequency as the members.
men of this generation”.
It is not understood or, unfortunately, it is. Their condition as women banished many of them after exile. Today we are going to remember them in “The Hatless Ones”, a documentary
absolutely essential.

111
Q

Un día, en el Madrid de los años 20, el poeta Federico García Lorca, el pintor Salvador Dali y las pintoras Margarita Manso y Maruja Mallo mientras paseaban por la Puerta del Sol, se quitaron el sombrero. El objetivo de esta actitud transgresora fue romper la norma y, metafóricamente, liberar las ideas y las inquietudes.
Maruja Mallo explica la anécdota de la siguiente manera: “Un día Federico, Dali, Margarita Manso y yo decidimos quitaros el sombrero porque en nuestra opinión nos estaba bloqueando las ideas. Cuando cruzamos la Puerta del Sol, la gente nos insultó”.
El origen del nombre las Sinsombrero nace de un proyecto de recuperación de memoria histórica creado por Tânia Balló Colell, Serrana Torres y Manuel Jiménez Núñez para recordar a las mujeres que participaron en la Generación del 27 y para saber por qué son importantes dentro de la culture española.

A

One day, in Madrid in the 1920s, the poet Federico García Lorca, the painter Salvador Dali and the painters Margarita Manso and Maruja Mallo, while walking through Puerta del Sol, took off their hats. The objective of this transgressive attitude was to break the norm and, metaphorically, release ideas and concerns.
Maruja Mallo explains the anecdote as follows: “One day Federico, Dali, Margarita Manso and I decided to tip our hats to you because in our opinion you were blocking our ideas. “When we crossed Puerta del Sol, people insulted us.”
The origin of the name the Sinsombrero was born from a project to recover historical memory created by Tânia Balló Colell, Serrana Torres and Manuel Jiménez Núñez to remember the women who participated in the Generation of ‘27 and to know why they are important within the culture. Spanish.

112
Q

(geography)
shore (of a lake or ocean)
bank (of a river)

I like walking along the shore in the afternoon.

A

la orilla
(oh-ree-yah)

Me gusta caminar por la orilla en las tardes

113
Q

(to exchange)
to change

(to achieve a deeper tone)
to change

(to cast off skin or feathers)
to shed
to molt/ to moult (United States)

(to alter; normally used with “de”)
to change

We need to change those dirty curtains.

A

mudar
(moo-dahr)

Tenemos que mudar esas cortinas sucias.

114
Q

(weather)
mild
temperate

(tepid)
lukewarm

(brave)
courageous
brave

(moderate)
calm
composed
steady

NOUN (technical)
tempering

The area enjoys mild weather all year round.

A

templado
(tehm-plah-doh)

La zona goza de un clima templado todo el año.

115
Q

brain drain

Brain drain may affect the development prospects of a country.

A

fuga de cerebros
Spain: (foo-gah deh seh-reh-brohs)

La fuga de cerebros puede afectar las perspectivas de desarrollo de una nación

116
Q

(to organize)
* to negotiate (deal)
* to arrange
* to process

(to run)
* to manage
* to handle

Will you be able to handle the business by yourselves?

A

gestionar
(hehs-tyoh-nahr)

¿Podrán gestionar el negocio ustedes solos?

117
Q

(to behave with)
to treat with

(to have contact with)
to deal with

Always treat kids with patience.

In my job I have to deal with many angry customers.

A

tratar con
(trah-tahr kohn)

Siempre trata a los niños con paciencia

En mi trabajo tengo que tratar con muchos clientes enojados.

118
Q

Structural fragility

A

fragilidad estructural

119
Q

Lack of political coordination

A

descoordinación politica

Falta de coordinación política

120
Q

(legal)
regulations (plural)
guidelines (plural)

cerrada durante el vuelo.

A

la normativa
(nohr-mah-tee-bah)

In accordance with safety regulations, the pilot cabin must be locked during the whole flight.

121
Q

you offer a partial or biased view

A

ofreces una vision parcial o sesgada

122
Q

(to decline)
to get worse
to deteriorate
to worsen

(to aggravate)
to make worse
to worsen

The day started badly, and then it got worse when I broke my leg.

A

empeorar
(ehm-peh-oh-rahr)

El día ya comenzó mal, y luego empeoró cuando se me rompió la pierna.

123
Q

(to make worse)
to exacerbate
to aggravate

(to anger)
to irritate
to exasperate

A

exacerbar
(ehk-sah-sehr-bahr)

124
Q

They are going to try again

A

lo van a volver a intentar

125
Q

Moral obligation

A

obligación moral

126
Q

responsability of the “rich” government

A

responsabilidad del gobierno “rico”

127
Q

We have the same right to seek a balance

A

Tenemos el mismo derecho a buscar un equilibrio

128
Q

(to execute)
to carry out
to do
to perform
to materialize
to fulfill
to make (trip, visit)

(cinema)
to produce

(to sell goods)
to make

This NGO has done priceless work for the indigenous people of the region.

A

realizar
(rreh-ah-lee-sahr)

Esta ONG ha realizado una labor invaluable para la gente indígena de la región.

129
Q

(to halt)
to stop

(to detain)
to arrest

(to hold up)
to delay

The police arrested the criminal as soon as they found him.

The accident stopped the flow of traffic completely.

A

detener
(deh-teh-nehr)

La policía detuvo al criminal tan pronto como lo encontraron

El accidente detuvo la circulación de tráfico por completo

130
Q

Adj

high-ranking

A high-ranking official of the organization made the announcement.

A

de alto rango

Un oficial de alto rango de la organización hizo el anuncio.

131
Q

To rise to power

A

llegar al poder

132
Q

to flee

Four inmates escaped from the prison on Sunday afternoon.

A

huir
(weer)

Cuatro presos huyeron de la cárcel el domingo por la tarde.

133
Q

department of justice

You are no longer dependent on the department of justice.

A

departamento de justicia

Ya no dependes más del Departamento de Justicia.

134
Q

Anti-Narcotics

Burma chose two members from the Anti-Narcotics Association, one of whom is a former high-ranking police officer.

A

Antinarcóticos

Birmania eligió a dos miembros de la Asociación Antinarcóticos, uno de los cuales es un ex policía de alto rango.

135
Q

cocaine trafficking

We are working with eight other countries in the Maritime Organisation Analysis Centre to combat cocaine trafficking.

A

tráfico de cocaína

Estamos colaborando con otros ocho países en el Centro de Análisis de la Organización Marítima Internacional en la lucha contra el tráfico de cocaína.

136
Q

(way out)
exit

(setting off)
departure

(solution)
way out

(computing)
output

(sport)
start

(excursion)
trip

(appearance)

An emergency exit provides a faster evacuation of the building.

A

la salida
(sah-lee-dah)

Una salida de emergencia facilita la rápida evacuación del edificio

137
Q

child/ person/ drug/ weapon/ drugs trafficking

A

trafico de ninos/ personas/ drogas/ armas/ organos

138
Q

(to halt)
to stop

(to detain)
to arrest

(to hold up)
to delay

The police arrested the criminal as soon as they found him.

A

Detener

La policía detuvo al criminal tan pronto como lo encontraron

139
Q

high-ranking

Dos oficiales de alto rango asistieron a la reunión.

A

de alto rango

Two high-ranking officers attended the meeting.

140
Q

Anti Narcotics

A

Antinarcóticos

141
Q

Department of Justice

The mayor has no power over the justice department.

If that’s the path the justice department wants to take.

A

departamento de justicia

El alcalde no tiene poder sobre el departamento de justicia.

Si ese es el camino que el departamento de justicia quiere llevar.

142
Q

(to present or proffer)
to offer

(to provide)
to offer

(to hold)
to offer
to give

(to give as an offering)
to offer

(to show)
to present (an image)
to put on
to put up

I’m confident they’ll offer me the job.

This new technology offers alternatives to the use of fossil fuels.

A

ofrecer
(oh-freh-sehr)

Tengo confianza que me ofrecerán el trabajo.

Esta nueva tecnología ofrece alternativas al uso de los combustibles fósiles

143
Q

cocaine trafficking

We are working with eight other countries in the Maritime Organisation Analysis Centre to combat cocaine trafficking.

A

tráfico de cocaína

Estamos colaborando con otros ocho países en el Centro de Análisis de la Organización Marítima Internacional en la lucha contra el tráfico de cocaína.

144
Q

accused of

Since when did anybody ever accuse me of being sane?

The owner was charged with bribing people in my office.

A

acusado de

¿Desde cuándo alguien me ha acusado de estar cuerdo?

El dueño fue acusado de sobornar gente en mi oficina.

145
Q

coming to power

Left-wing groups tried to seize power in many places.

The Nazis also enacted similar programs soon after coming to power

A

llegar al poder

Los grupos de izquierda intentan llegar al poder en diferentes lugares.

Los nazis también promulgaron programas similares pronto después de llegar al poder.

146
Q

(way out)
exit

(setting off)
departure

(solution)
way out

(computing)
output

(sport)
start

(excursion)
trip

(appearance)
no direct translation

(job)
opening

There is no way out of this situation.

An emergency exit provides a faster evacuation of the building.

A

la salida
(sah-lee-dah)

Esta situación no tiene salida

Una salida de emergencia facilita la rápida evacuación del edificio

147
Q

(to leave)
* to escape (from a person or place)
* to flee (from danger or pursuit)
* to run away

(to stay away from)
* to avoid

Many migrants fled the country due to fear of persecution.

The fairy tried to escape, but the wizard grabbed her by the wings.

A

huir
(weer)

Muchos migrantes huyeron del país por temor a la persecución

El hada trató de huir, pero el brujo la agarró por las alas

148
Q

(to make an effort to do something)
* to try
* to attempt

Don’t attempt to change the lightbulb without a ladder.

Anybody can try to make their own home garden.

A

intentar
(een-tehn-tahr)

No intentes cambiar el foco sin una escalera.

Cualquiera puede intentar hacer su propio jardín en casa.

149
Q

The energy crisis

The energy crisis will only get worse because of you!

The energy crisis is also of serious concern to our region.

A

La crisis energética

La crisis de energía empeorará gracias a ti.

La crisis energética también es motivo de grave preocupación para nuestra región.

150
Q

(legal)
trial
court case

(reason)
good sense
sense
sensible (adjective)

(point of view)
judgment
opinion

(mental health)
sanity

Journalists stopped paying attention to that court case.

Fortunately, Eva had the good sense to fasten her seatbelt.

A

el juicio
(hooee-syoh)

Los periodistas dejaron de prestarle atención a ese juicio.

Afortunadamente, Eva tuvo el juicio de abrocharse el cinturón de seguridad.

151
Q

be involved

The police believe a local government official may be implicated.

A

estar implicado

La policía cree que un funcionario gubernamental local puede estar implicado.

152
Q

renewable energy

Angela Merkel is an advocate for renewable energy.

The building runs on renewable energy.

A

la energía renovable
(eh-nehr-hee-ah rreh-noh-bah-bleh)

Angela Merkel es una defensora de las energías renovables.

El edificio funciona con energía renovable.

153
Q

(digit)
figure

(quantity)
number

(amount)
sum

The number of injured is on the rise after the earthquake.

A

la cifra
(see-frah)

La cifra de heridos va en aumento después del terremoto

154
Q

Landslide victory

A

victoria aplastante

155
Q

(geology)
Landslide

The landslide was due to the heavy rains that had been falling all week.

A

Corrimiento de tierras

El corrimiento de tierras se debió a las intensas lluvias que habían estado cayendo durante toda la semana.

156
Q

Jewish

There is a large Jewish community in my town.

My Jewish neighbors invited me to their son’s bar mitzvah.

A

judío,
el judío,
la judía

En mi ciudad hay una extensa comunidad judía.

Mis vecinos judíos me invitaron al bar mitzvah de su hijo.

157
Q

(to advertise)
to promote

(to give a promotion to)
to promote

I attended the event to promote my translation services

A

promocionar
(proh-moh-syoh-nahr)

Fui al evento a promocionar mis servicios de traducción.

158
Q

=-

the protection of

Strategies for the protection of trademarks and other distinctive signs.

A

la protección de

Estrategias para la protección de marcas y otros signos distintivos.

159
Q

(unlawful fighter)
terrorist

(related to terrorism)
terrorist

The law will be uncompromising with the terrorists that bombed the building.

A

el/la terrorista
(teh-rroh-rees-tah)

La justicia será implacable con los terroristas que bombardearon el edificio.

160
Q

(to grant freedom)
* to free
* to set free
* to release (a hostage or a prisoner)
* to liberate (a country or a city)

(to exonerate)
* to free
* to release (from an obligation)
* to exempt (from a payment)

(finance)
to deregulate (prices)
to release (shares)
to float (currency or exchange rate)

(telecommunications)
* to unlock
* (to give off)
* to release (energy or a gas)

All prisoners were freed at the end of the war.

The government’s aim is to gradually deregulate fuel prices.

A

liberar
(lee-beh-rahr)

Al final de la guerra liberaron a todos los prisioneros

El gobierno se propone liberar gradualmente los precios del combustible.

161
Q

(related to racism)
racist
racialist

masculine or feminine noun: (adherent of racism)
* racist

The Nazis established a racist state.

Racialist policies and segregation were abolished throughout the country.

A

racista
(rrah-sees-tah)

Los nazis establecieron un estado racista.

Se abolieron las políticas racistas y la segregación en todo el país.

162
Q

Inflation

Extremely high inflation in Germany is one of the factors that led to the rise of Adolf Hitler.

A

la inflation
(ihn-fley-shihn)

La inflación extremadamente alta en Alemania es uno de los factores que llevó al acsenso de Adolf Hitle

163
Q

labour market

We have no chance to succeed in the Japanese labor market.

The labour market is facing the worst crisis in four decades.

A

el mercado laboral
(mehr-kah-doh lah-boh-rahl)

No tenemos chances de triunfar en el mercado laboral japonés

El mercado laboral está atravesando la peor crisis en cuatro décadas.

164
Q

cyclical employment

As many of the local inhabitants are engaged in seasonal employment, varying between fishing, tourism-related activities or agriculture, it is difficult to determine precise employment figures in the region.

A

empleo cíclico

empleo estacional

Dada la dependencia de muchos de los habitantes locales del empleo estacional, y que abarca la pesca, las actividades relacionadas con el turismo o la agricultura, es difícil determinar unas cifras de empleo exactas en la región.

165
Q

Social housing

We demand a real public social housing development, with high social diversity and ecological standards.

A

vivienda social

Demandamos una auténtica política de vivienda pública social, con gran diversidad social y estándares ecológicos.

166
Q

to be owned by
* to belong to

(to be part of)
* to belong to

(to be included in)
* to belong to

(to be the duty of)
* to be the responsibility of

It’s the responsibility of the country’s government to take care of the welfare of its citizens.

A

pertenecer
(pehr-teh-neh-sehr)

Add a when refering to someone

Pertenece al gobierno del país encargarse del bienestar de los ciudadanos.

167
Q

to empower

Movements to empower women are necessary because women are still being discriminated against

A

empoderar
(ehm-poh-deh-rahr)

Los movimientos para empoderar a la mujer son necesarios porque se les sigue discriminando.

168
Q

empowerment

The empowerment of marginalized social groups is one of the main objectives of our government.

A

la atribución de poder

La atribución de poder a grupos sociales marginados es uno de los principales objetivos de nuestro gobierno.

169
Q

Political failure

If these figures are anything like accurate, this directive was a political and environmental failure.

A

Fracaso político

Si estas cifras son correctas, la directiva ha resultado ser un fracaso político y medioambiental

170
Q

tax-free

In Chile, in August 1999, a law that allowed to increase from US $ 10,004 to US $ 15,000 the free limit of luxury tax was passed, which forced to reorganize the importation of vehicles that arrived through tax exemptions.

A

libre de impuesto

En Chile, en agosto de 1999, se aprobó una ley que permitió incrementar de US$10.004 a US$15.000 el límite libre de impuesto al lujo, lo que obligó a reorganizar la importación de vehículos que llegaban a través de excepciones tributarias.

171
Q

(to expend)
* to spend

(to consume)
* to use
* to use up

(to make deteriorate)
* to wear out
* to wear down

(to squander)
* to waste

(colloquial) (to use on the body) (Spain)
* to wear
* to be
* to take

They spend more money than they earn.

Lucinda uses lots of paper because she’s always drawing.

A

gastar
(gahs-tahr)

Gastan más dinero del que ingresan.

Lucinda gasta mucho papel porque está siempre dibujando.

172
Q

(homicide)
* murder
* assassination (for political reasons)

It is believed that it was the prince who planned the assassination of the king.

A

el asesinato
(ah-seh-see-nah-toh)

Se cree que el príncipe planeó el asesinato del rey.

173
Q

The social values

Human rights must emerge from the social values and principles of peoples.

A

Los valores sociales

Los derechos humanos deben derivarse de los valores sociales y los principios de los pueblos.

174
Q

health services

The department of student health services is headed by a renowned physician.

A

el servicios de salud (M)

El departamento de servicios de salud estudiantil es dirigido por un médico prestigioso.

175
Q

empowerment

Feminism strives for the empowerment of women.

A

el empoderamiento
(ehm-poh-deh-rah-myehn-toh)

El feminismo lucha por conseguir el empoderamiento de la mujer.

176
Q

(to become betrothed)
* to get engaged

(to pledge to do something)
* to commit oneself
* to promise
* to commit to something

The actor committed himself to making commercials for the movie.

A

comprometerse
(kohm-proh-meh-tehr-seh)

El actor se comprometió a hacer anuncios para la película.

177
Q

(satisfaction)
* well-being
* welfare
* comfort

(physical, mental, and spiritual health)
* wellness

Mothers always worry about their children’s well-being.

The welfare state provides its citizens with healthcare services, unemployment benefits, and pensions.

A

el bienestar
(byeh-nehs-tahr)

Las madres siempre se preocupan por el bienestar de sus hijos.

El estado de bienestar proporciona a sus ciudadanos servicios de salud, prestación por desempleo y pensiones.

178
Q

(to get away from)
* to escape from
* to run away from

(to go through a hole)
* to leak out of

An inmate escaped from a federal prison in Tampa.

A

escaparse de
(ehs-kah-pahr-seh deh)

Un prisionero se escapó de una cárcel federal de Tampa

179
Q

(stealing)
* theft
* robbery
* larceny (technical)
* petit larceny (technical) (of not very valuable things)

(stolen articles)
* stolen goods
* stolen property
* loot

The owner of the store accused the manager of theft.

A

el hurto
(oor-toh)

El dueño de la tienda acusaba al encargado de hurto.

180
Q

stabbing
knifing

Authorities are investigating a stabbing in the Punta Pacifica area.

A

el apuñalamiento

Las autoridades están investigando un apuñalamiento en el área de Punta Pacífica

181
Q

(general)
drinking water
potable water (technical)

The expedition was getting short of food supplies and drinking water.

A

el agua potable
(ah-gwah poh-tah-bleh)

La expedición estaba empezando a quedarse sin víveres y sin agua potable.

181
Q

(difference)
gap

(separation)
rift

(advance)
breakthrough

The gap between the rich and the poor is getting bigger every day.

A

la brecha
(breh-chah)

La brecha entre ricos y pobres cada vez es mayor

182
Q

Proximity to jobs and services

A

Proximidad a los trabajos y a los servicios

183
Q

health services

Examples of early intervention services include health, educational and therapeutic services.

A

servicios de salud

Algunos ejemplos de intervención temprana incluyen servicios de salud, educativos y terapéuticos.

184
Q

(biology)
* species

(type)
* kind
* sort

(literary) (hearsay)
* rumor

Unfortunately, this species is endangered.

A

la especie

Desafortunadamente, esta especie está en peligro de extinción

185
Q

play with advantage

A

Juega con ventaja

186
Q

Transparency in management

A strong political commitment, transparency in management and sound strategies will be needed to attract more private sector investment in urban services.

A

Transparencia en la gestión

Serán necesarios un firme compromiso político, la transparencia de la gestión y la adopción de estrategias sólidas para atraer más inversiones del sector privado en los servicios urbanos.

187
Q

affordable housing

Likewise, affordable and healthy housing is warranted as a minimum prerequisite for a basic level of schooling.

A

viviendas asequibles

De igual modo, se garantizan viviendas asequibles y saneadas como requisito previo para un nivel básico de escolarización.

188
Q

In an egalitarian manner

The hall holds almost a thousand five hundred seats distributed in a fan shape, thus configuring the space in an egalitarian manner and allowing the audience to become more compact.

A

De manera igualitaria

La sala alberga casi mil quinientos asientos distribuidos en forma de abanico, configurando así el espacio de manera igualitaria y permitiendo que la audiencia sea más compacta.

189
Q

purchasing power
buying power
spending power

Purchasing power went down by 12% during this administration.

A

el poder adquisitivo
(poh-dehr ahd-kee-see-tee-boh)

El poder adquisitivo bajó casi un 12% durante esta administración.

190
Q

The laws of Supply and Demand

A

La Ley de Oferta y Demanda

191
Q

(to make use of)
to take advantage of
to make the most of
to make good use of

(to utilize)
to use

(to make use of; often used with “para”)
to make the most of it
to take the opportunity to

If you want to take advantage of the day, get up earlier.

A

aprovechar
(ah-proh-beh-chahr)

Si quieres aprovechar el día, levántate más temprano

192
Q

Commercial Ads

The developer of this malware program earns a good benefit from these commercial ads.

A

Anuncios Comerciales

El desarrollador de este programa de malware gana un buen beneficio de estos anuncios comerciales.

193
Q

(to secure)
to earn

She earned the love of the people with her speeches.

A

ganarse
(gah-nahr-seh)

Se ganó el amor del pueblo con sus discursos.

194
Q

(to leave)
to vacate
to abandon
to move out of

(to empty)
to evacuate
to clear

(to put out)
to evict
to remove
to eject (by force)

(nautical)
to displace

The landlady will evict her tenants if they don’t pay the rent soon.

A

desalojar
(dehs-ah-loh-hahr)

La casera desalojará a sus inquilinos si no pagan pronto el alquiler.

195
Q

Transferable Abilities

A

Habilidades transferibles

196
Q

(to discharge)
to shoot
to fire

(sports)
to shoot
to take

(photography)
to shoot
to take

(to cause)
to trigger

The wild boar rushed at me, and I had no choice but to shoot it with an arrow.

A

disparar(dees-pah-rahr)

El jabalí se abalanzó sobre mí, y no tuve más remedio que dispararle una flecha.

197
Q

(to leave a job)
to resign
to quit

(to give up; used with “a”)
to relinquish (inheritance, throne)
to quit
to waive (rights)
to renounce

(cards)(Spain)
to revoke

The politician decided to resign after the scandal.

A

renunciar
(rreh-noon-syahr)

El político decidió renunciar después del escándalo.