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Spanish > Prepositions > Flashcards

Prepositions Flashcards

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1
Q

to
* used to connect ir to an infinitive

(I have to call my mom

A

a

Tengo que llamar a mi mamá.

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2
Q

before, in the face of (used in formal speech)

The defendant appeared before a judge.

A

ante

El acusado fue presentado ante un juez.

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3
Q

under, underneath

The dog is under the table.

A

bajo

El perro está bajo la mesa.

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4
Q

under the rule of a political figure

Under Kim Jong-un, North Korea has had many problems

A

bajo

Bajo Kim Jong-un, Corea del Norte ha tenido muchos problemas.

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5
Q

close to, next to

The house was next to the forest.

A

cabe

La casa estaba cabe el bosque.

*Rarely used in modern Spanish but can still be found in literature

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6
Q

with (accompaniment)

I’m going to the party with my friends.

A

con

Voy a la fiesta con mis amigos.

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7
Q

with (to emphasize importance of something)

With everything that’s happened in my life, I remain an optimist

A

con

Con todo lo que ha pasado en mi vida, me mantengo optimista.

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8
Q

against (opposed to)

I don’t have anything against him.

A

contra

No tengo nada contra él.

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9
Q

against (physical location)

The table is against the wall.

A

contra

La mesa está contra la pared.

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10
Q

from (indicating origin)

My grandmother is from Canada.

A

de

Mi abuela es de Canadá.

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11
Q

from (indicating cause)

She was screaming from sadness.

A

de

Ella estaba gritando de tristeza.

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12
Q

of (indicating composition)

The plate is made of plastic.

A

de

El plato está hecho de plástico.

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13
Q

of (indicating ownership)

This book is my sister’s

A

de

Este libro es de mi hermana.

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14
Q

about

He can talk about many topics.

A

de

Él puede hablar de muchos temas.

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15
Q

since

A

desde

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16
Q

from

A

desde

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17
Q

during

Remember, no talking during the movie.

A

durante

Recuerde, no hable durante la película.

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18
Q

in (physical location)

The cherries are in the fridge.

A

en

Las cerezas están en la nevera.

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19
Q

in (indicating manner)

My dad speaks in a loud voice.

A

en

Mi padre habla en voz alta.

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20
Q

into

He put the letter into the mailbox.

A

en

Puso la carta en el buzón.

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21
Q

by (indicating means)

I go to the library by car.

A

en

Voy a la biblioteca en coche.

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22
Q

at (physical location)

I’m at work.

A

en

Estoy en el trabajo.

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23
Q

between

The door is between the windows.

A

entre

La puerta está entre las ventanas.

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24
Q

among

I found my sister among the crowd.

A

entre

Encontré a mi hermana entre la multitud.

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25
Q

towards

They ran towards the building’s exit.

A

hacia

Ellos corrieron hacia la salida del edificio.

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26
Q

about, around (approximate time)

I’m going to arrive around two in the afternoon.

A

hacia

Voy a llegar hacia las dos de la tarde.

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27
Q

up to

This elevator has capacity for up to 10 people.

A

hasta

Este ascensor tiene capacidad para hasta 10 personas.

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28
Q

until

They’re going to stay with us until tomorrow

A

hasta

Ellos se van a quedar con nosotros hasta mañana.

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29
Q

down to

The temperature went down to 10 degrees.

A

hasta

La temperatura bajó hasta los 10 grados.

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30
Q

through, by means of

We’ll hold the meeting through a video call.

A

mediante

Realizaremos la reunión mediante una videollamada.

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31
Q

for

I bought him a very nice gift for Christmas.

A

para

Le compré un regalo muy bonito para Navidad.

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32
Q

to, in order to

In order to get to my house, you have to go up a big hill.

A

para

Para llegar a mi casa hay que subir una gran colina.

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33
Q

for

Thank you so much for all your help.

A

por

Muchas gracias por toda tu ayuda.

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34
Q

by

To go to the gym, you have to pass by the pharmacy.

A

por

Para ir al gimnasio, tienes que pasar por la farmacia.

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35
Q

because of

I didn’t go to work because of the flu.

A

por

No fui a trabajar por la gripe.

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36
Q

through

They passed through the hallway.

A

por

Ellos pasaron por el pasillo.

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37
Q

per

They’re 15 dollars per pound.

A

por

Son quince dólares por libra

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38
Q

in (time period)

(I study in the morning.

A

por

Estudio por la mañana.

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38
Q

according to

According to her mother, the store closes at 7:00.

A

Según

Según su madre, la tienda cierra a las siete.

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39
Q

depending on

Depending on the weather, we can go to the beach.

A

Según

Según el tiempo, podemos ir a la playa.

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40
Q

without

Now, Elena can do her homework without her parents’ help.

A

sin

Ahora, Elena puede hacer su tarea sin la ayuda de sus padres.

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41
Q

under

*You’ll likely only see so in literary contexts, or in expressions like so pretexto de (under the pretext/guise of) and so pena de (under the threat of).

Under the pretext of working late, she planned a surprise party for her boyfriend.

A

so

So pretexto de trabajar hasta tarde, planeó una fiesta sorpresa para su novio.

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42
Q

on

Please don’t put your dirty clothes on the table.

A

sobre

Por favor, no pongas tu ropa sucia sobre la mesa.

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43
Q

about

I’m looking for a book about wild animals.

A

sobre

Busco un libro sobre animales salvajes.

44
Q

over

The plane flew over the ocean.

A

sobre

El avión voló sobre el océano.

45
Q

after

Month after month, she feels increasingly calmer.

A

tras

Mes tras mes, ella se siente cada vez más tranquila.

46
Q

versus, against

This game is my sister’s team versus my best friend’s team… I don’t know who to root for!

A

Este juego es el equipo de mi hermana versus el equipo de mi mejor amiga… ¡No sé a quién apoyar!

47
Q

through, by way of

I traveled to Costa Rica by way of the United States.

A

vía

Viajé a Costa Rica vía los Estados Unidos.

48
Q

by, via

The boss will send you the schedule by email.

A

vía

La jefa le enviará el horario vía correo electrónico.

49
Q

despite

My brother wants to go skydiving despite his fear of heights.

A

a pesar de

Mi hermano quiere hacer paracaidismo a pesar de su miedo a las alturas.

50
Q

through

We communicated through text messages while he was on a trip.

A

a través de

Nos comunicamos a través de mensajes de texto mientras él estaba de viaj

51
Q

beside, next to

I really like the restaurant that’s next to the beach.

A

al lado de

Me gusta mucho el restaurante que está al lado de la playa.

52
Q

besides, in addition to

Besides playing piano, what do you like to do?

A

Además de

Además de tocar el piano, ¿qué te gusta hacer?

53
Q

around (physical location)

There are flowers around the church.

A

alrededor de

Hay flores alrededor de la iglesia.

54
Q

around (giving an approximation)

In the school, there are around 1500 students

A

alrededor de

En la escuela, hay alrededor de 1500 estudiantes.

55
Q

under, underneath

The cat was sitting underneath the chair.

A

debajo de

El gato estaba sentando debajo de la silla

56
Q

close to, near

The hotel is close to many restaurants and shops.

A

cerca de

El hotel está cerca de muchos restaurantes y tiendas.

57
Q

in front of

Just stay in front of the other runners and you’ll be fine.

A

delante de

Solo mantente por delante de los otros corredores y estarás bien.

58
Q

within

The company will get back to us within a week.

A

dentro de

La empresa se comunicará con nosotros dentro de una semana.

59
Q

inside

There are many buses inside the city limits.

A

dentro de

Hay muchos autobuses dentro de los límites de la ciudad..

60
Q

behind

She walked behind her aunt.

A

detrás de

Ella caminó detrás de su tía.

61
Q

as for, regarding

Regarding your questions I’ll answer them at the end of the presentation

A

En cuanto a tus preguntas, las responderé al final de la presentación.

62
Q

instead of

Could you make it with honey instead of sugar?

A

en lugar de

¿Podrías hacerlo con miel en lugar de azúcar?

63
Q

instead of

I prefer tea instead of coffee in the afternoon.

A

en vez de

Prefiero té en vez de café por la tarde.

64
Q

on top of

Your hat is on top of the bed.

A

encima de

Tu sombrero está encima de la cama.

65
Q

in front of

There is a McDonald’s in front of my school.

A

frente a

Hay un McDonald’s frente a mi escuela.

66
Q

outside of

The dog waited outside of the hospital.

A

fuera de

El perro esperó fuera del hospital.

67
Q

next to, by

Is their house next to the bus stop?

A

junto a

¿Está su casa junto a la parada de autobús?

68
Q

alongside

Durante la formación, trabajará junto a profesionales cualificados.

A

junto a

During the training, you will work alongside qualified professionals.

69
Q

far from

The supermarket is far from my house.

A

lejos de

El supermercado está lejos de mi casa

70
Q

to indicate being in a place

I’m at home

A

Use en to indicate being in a place:

Estoy en casa

71
Q

to indicate movement towards a place

(I’m going to the store

A

Use a to indicate movement towards a place

Voy a la tienda

72
Q

for a more specific direction

He walks towards the park

A

Use hacia for a more specific direction

Camina hacia el parque

73
Q

for time periods, months, and years

I study a lot in the afternoon

A

Use en for time periods, months, and years

Estudio mucho en la tarde.

74
Q

for specific times

See you at 5

A

Use a for specific times

Nos vemos a las 5

75
Q

to express accompaniment

I am going out with my friends

A

Use con to express accompaniment

Salgo con mis amigos

76
Q

to express lack or absence

I traveled without luggage

A

Use sin to express lack or absence

Viajé sin equipaje

77
Q

to indicate possession

Juan’s book

A

Use de to indicate possession:

El libro de Juan

78
Q

to indicate cause or reason

He cried because of the movie

A

Use por to indicate cause or reason

Lloró por la película

79
Q
A

Use para to express purpose or goal

80
Q

to express purpose or goal

I study in order to learn

A

Use para to express purpose or goal

Estudio para aprender

81
Q

with me

Do you want to go to the dance with me?

A

conmigo

¿Quieres ir al baile conmigo?

82
Q

“with you” (the informal “you”)

Because I’d love to go with you.

A

contigo

Porque me encantaría ir contigo.

83
Q

To Talk About Likes and Dislikes

I like art.

A

But in Spanish, you must use definite articles (el, la, los, las) when talking about these general likes and dislikes.

Me gusta el arte.

84
Q

A
85
Q

To Tell Time

It’s 8:00 in the morning

A

Times in Spanish are all feminine, and you must always include the feminine definite article (la or las) when telling time.

Son las ocho de la mañana.

85
Q

With Days of the Week

A

in Spanish, when you want to talk about something happening on a specific day of the week, you must use a definite pronoun before the day.

The days of the week are always masculine, so you’ll use either el or los.

When talking about one specific day of the week, use el:

  • Iré a Bogotá el lunes que viene. (I will go to Bogota next Monday.)

When talking about something habitual or that happens every week, use los:

  • Voy al gimnasio todos los martes. (I go to the gym every Tuesday.)
  • Visito a mi abuela todos los miércoles. (I visit my grandmother every Wednesday.)
86
Q

To Talk About General Things

A

In English, we’re used to dropping the definite article (“the”) when talking about nouns in general. For example, if you think all dogs are cute (generally), you’d say “Dogs are cute.”

But in Spanish, we keep the definite article.

Take a look at these sentences as examples:

  • Los perros son lindos. (Dogs are cute.)
  • La comida india es picante. (Indian food is spicy.)
87
Q

With Reflexive Verbs

A

You’ll see this all the time with reflexive verbs—actions that you do to yourself.

For example, in English we say “I wash my hands,” but in Spanish, we say “I wash the hands”:

  • Me lavo las manos. (I wash my hands.)
  • Me lavo el pelo. (I wash my hair.)
  • Me duele la cabeza. (My head hurts.)
88
Q

To Say the Names of Languages

A

When a language is the subject of a sentence—the thing being talked about—it needs a definite article. For example:

  • El ruso es el más dificil idioma que he estudiado. (Russian is the most difficult language I have studied.)
  • El español y el japonés son mis idiomas favoritos. (Spanish and Japanese are my favorite languages.)

However, when a language is the object, you don’t need to use the article. For example:

  • Yo hablo inglés. (I speak English.)
89
Q

To Express Approximate Amounts

A

As we saw before, the Spanish indefinite article has two plural forms (unos, unas). With the meaning of “some/a few,” we are obviously going to use them when talking about approximate amounts of things or people!

Here you have some examples:

  • Necesito unas monedas. (I need some coins.)
  • Compra unas manzanas. (Buy a few apples.)
  • Hay unos gatos en el tejado. (There are some cats on the roof.)
90
Q

Omit Them When Talking About Your Profession, Nationality, Religion,

A

In English, we use the indefinite articles a or an when talking about our professions, nationalities, religions and the other labels that make up our identities.

(For example, “I’m an anthropologist” or “She’s a Catholic.”)

In Spanish, you must leave those articles out:

  • Soy abogado. (I’m a lawyer.)
  • Soy brasileña. (I’m a Brazilian.)

However, if you wish to qualify that abstract concept with more information, you usually need to insert an indefinite article (un, una):

  • Soy un buen doctor. (I’m a good doctor.)
  • Soy un católico con mucha fe. (I’m a Catholic with a lot of faith.)
91
Q

Desde hace

It’s been raining for three hours.

A

Present tense + desde hace + period of time

Llueve desde hace tres horas

92
Q

to say how long you have been doing something, or how long something has been happening.

It’s been raining for three hours.

A

Present tense + desde hace + period of time

Llueve desde hace tres horas

93
Q

Use of en

A
94
Q

Use of a

A
95
Q

Use of de

A
96
Q

Use of para

A
97
Q

Use of por

A
98
Q
A
99
Q
A
100
Q
A
101
Q
A
102
Q

*

A
103
Q
A
104
Q
A
105
Q
A
106
Q
A
107
Q
A

Spanish (69 decks)

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