Tectonics Case Studies Flashcards
What was the magnitude of the Haiti earthquake?
Magnitude 7
Meecalli scale 9
What was the death toll of the Haiti earthquake?
Up to 300,000
What year was the Haiti earthquake?
2010
Why did the Haiti earthquake have such big impacts?
Poorest country
Corrupt government
Unplanned settlements
What were the problems with the Haiti earthquake?
46% lives in slums
Aid camps built on rubbish tip
Lack of emergency plans
No disaster insurance
Outbreak of cholera
70% of buildings collapsed
What was rhetorical magnitude of the Japan earthquake?
9
What did the Japan earthquake cause?
40m tall tsunami
What was the cost of the tohoku (Japan) earthquake?
$235 billion
Second most costly in the world
What was the death count of the tohoku earthquake?
200,000
Why was there a high death rate?
Alerts to phones and defences created a false sense of security meaning people didn’t start evacuating in time
56% of deaths over 65
What were problems after the tohoku earthquake?
Flooded nucleur power station increased radiation levels
Left vulnerable as there was a lack of resources and shelter
What was the magnitude of the Indian Ocean earthquake?
9
How tall was the Indian Ocean tsunami?
30ft high
What was the death toll of the Indian Ocean tsunami?
250,000
What were some of the impacts of the Indian Ocean tsunami
Towns destroyed
2 million homeless
Outbreak of diseases
Boxing Day so lots of tourists that didn’t know the signs
What happened after the Indian Ocean tsunami
Warning system was put in place
Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System
When was the Indian Ocean tsunami?
Boxing Day 2004
Why did 1 island have no deaths during the Indian Ocean tsunami?
As there was an old story that said if the sea recedes go to the hill
What was the magnitude of the Sichuan earthquake?
7.9
When was the Sichuan earthquake?
2008
What was the death toll of Sichuan earthquake?
87,000
Some of the impacts of the Sichuan earthquake?
4.8million left homeless
Buildings not earthquake proof and was during mid day so collapsed on school children
What happened after the Sichuan earthquake?
$140 billion spent to repair
All buildings built to be earthquake proof
Quick and effective response + recovery
99% completed by 2012
When was the Christchurch earthquake?
2011
What was the death toll of Christchurch?
185 killed
3129 injured
What were some of the impacts of the Christchurch earthquake?
$28 billion damage
Liquefaction destroyed buildings
Schools closed for 2 weeks
2 large aftershocks within 4 months
What happened after the Christchurch earthquake?
Chemical toilets provided
Construction of 10,000 affordable homes
Land use zoning
$6-7 million of international aid
What was the Iceland eruption called?
Eyjafjallajökull
When was the Iceland eruption?
2010
What happens during the Icelandic eruption?
Eruption under an ice sheet
Caused massive ash clouds blocking the sun
What were some of the impacts of the Icelandic eruption?
500m fissure opened
European airspace to a standstill
Ash blocked the sun
Flooding
Houses, roads and crops destroyed
Had to wear masks
Felt as far as Kenya
What were some of the positives from the Icelandic eruption?
Eruption was successfully predicted
Meant there was no deaths
When was the nevado del Ruiz eruption?
1985
What was the death toll of nevado del Ruiz?
23,000
Facts about nevardo del Ruiz?
Most destructive eruption in history
Largest lahar
Impact of the nevardo del Ruiz eruption?
Unaware of eruption- covered by the storm
Most of town buried or swept away- 3/4 of townspeople
What caused the impacts of the nevardo del Ruiz earthquake?
Citizens charmed by radio messages so didn’t evacuate
Blame lies with Colombian gov as they received multiple warnings to evacuate them
Banner at mass funeral said “volcano didn’t kill 22,000 people the government killed them”
When was the montserrat eruption?
1995
Problems with the montserrat eruption?
Volcano was dormant for 300 years
Remained active for 5 years
Devastated by pyroclastic flows
Impacts of the montserrat eruption?
70% rent rise
Skill shortage
Unemployment between 7% and 50%
Went from 11,000 population to 5,000
South was divided into 5 parts
What was the magnitude of the turkey/syria earthquake?
7.8
When was the turkey/Syria earthquake?
2023
What was the death toll of the turkey/syria earthquake?
55,000 deaths
130,000 injured
Impact of the turkey/ Syria eruption?
Millions of people displaced- long term as well
Economic decline
Led to global inflation
War impacted food supplies
Problems caused by the turkey/ Syria earthquake?
5th deadliest in the century
Turkeys dams and nuclear faculties drew international attention due to unknown structural integrity
