Technical- Part 6 Flashcards
What does Gamma ray indicates and what is?
Lithology.
Gamma : Natural radioactivity – Potassium, uranium, thorium
What does Indicate and what is Spontaneous Potential ?
Indicates Lithology
It is Electrical potential
What does Caliper indicate?
Hole condition
Active meassurements Resistivity and Porosity
- Resistivity: Fluid saturation, fluid type
- Porosity: Rock properties, quantity of hydrocarbon
Active measurements Density and Sonic log:
- Density (Electron density, Photoelectric absorption: Rock properties, seismic response
- Sonic log (: Acoustic travel time): Rock properties, seismic response
Nuber of effective perforations?
How I know if perforations are overbalance or Under balance?
- Overbalanced – BHP in wellbore > reservoir pressure
- Surge following perforation acts to compact debris
- Requires less complex equipment and techniques
- Underbalanced – BHP in wellbore < reservoir pressure
- Removes perforation debris at time of perforation
- Reduces likelihood of near-wellbore damage
- Requires special equipment and techniques
Sand Specifications
6k psi closure limit. S.G 2.65
Resin coated Specifications
Resin coated – pre-cured or curable. Closure 8k. s.g. 2.55
Intermediate strength proppants Specification
Intermediate strength proppants – low density closure of 10k. s.g. 2.7. medium density: closure 10k, s.g. 3.2
High strength proppants SPecifications
- High strength proppants – closure 15k. s.g. 3.49
Rheological Models
- Newtonian – water
- Power law – frac fluids
- Bingham – drilling mud
Power Law Model
- k’ is the Y intercept: it is called the consistency coefficient. n’ is the power law exponent named the behavior index.
- If n’ >1 then its shear thickening. If n’<1, then its shear thinning.
