TBL 2: sodium Flashcards
majority of sodium is found in
ECF
most abundant cation in body fluids
sodium
major source of sodium in American diet
sodium chloride (salt) added to processed foods
__ of American adults consume more sodium than recommended
2/3 of American adults consume more sodium than recommended
95-100% of sodium is absorbed from these 2 sites
small intestine
proximal colon
3 methods of sodium absorption
- Na+/glucose cotransporter (jejunum)
- electroneutral Na+/Cl- cotransport exchange transporter (small intestine and colon)
- electrogenic system (less common, colon)
solvent drag __ absorption of sodium and other electrolytes
solvent drag increases absorption of sodium and other electrolytes
once absorbed, sodium is transported __ in blood
once absorbed, sodium is transported freely in blood
low sodium conc = __, __ fluid in plasma
low sodium conc = hyponatremia, excessive fluid in plasma
high sodium conc = __, __ fluid in plasma
high sodium conc = hypernatremia, loss of fluid in plasma
electrolyte and fluid balance is regulated by these hormones (4)
- vasopressin
- angiotensin II
- aldosterone
- natriuretic hormones
sodium is crucial for __ pressure and __ balance
sodium is crucial for osmotic pressure and fluid balance
sodium in nerve transmission and muscle contraction is a part of __
NA/K ATPase pump in plasma membranes
increased dietary sodium intake is associated with increased __ calcium __
increased dietary sodium intake is associated with increased urinary calcium excretion
the __ reabsorbs 67% of filtered sodium and chloride
the proximal tubule reabsorbs 67% of filtered sodium and chloride
