TB Pharm Flashcards
Isoniazid Mechanism
Interferes with Mycolic acid synthesis. Kills rapidly dividing bacilli, extracellular cavity lesions. Static for slow growing
How well does Isoniazid distribute>
Distributes well to all tissues and bodily fluids, with inflamed meninges it can get into CSF
Is Isoniazid ever used alone in ACTIVE cases>
Never! Resistance develops quickly. Can be used alone in latent TB however.
Main adverse effect of Isoniazid
Peripheral neuropathy Burning in hands and feet as a result of the competition between isoniazid and pyridoxal phosphate. This is corrected by B6 supplements and often affects malnourished, diabetics, and alcoholics mostly
Don’t give Isoniazid with
antacids
How does Rifampin work?
Binds RNA polymerase
Never give Rifampin as a single agent
true
How does resistance occur to Rifampin
ALterations in the Beta subunit of RNA polymerase where the Rifampin binds
Does Rifampin penetrate the CSF
Yes, along with all other tissues
What TB drug discolors body fluids
Rifampin
Other Rifampin side-effectsq
GI disturbances and Nervous system complaints
HEPATIC SE: Jaundice occurs in the elderly and alcoholics with chrinic liver disease
Ethambutol MOA
disrupts cell wall synthesis,
Ethambutol is only active against bacteria that are
rapidly dividing
Major Ethambutol SE
Optic neuritis- decreased visual acuity, loss of color discrimination, constriction of visual fields,
