T3: Sexuality and Intimacy (CH. 16) Flashcards
Sex is a ___ subject with many older adults.
controversial
In the past there was very limited information on __.
sexuality
Replacement of estrogen and/or progestin hormone that is no longer being made by the body
hormone replacement therapy (HRT)
The permanent cessation of menses for at least 1 year
Menopause
The several years prior to the onset of menopause
Perimenopause
Time beginning 12 months after the last menstrual cycle
Postmenopause
When the topic of sex and older adults is confronted, much ___ and ___ concerning sex reappear.
ignorance
prejudice
One consequence of myths about sex in older adulthood is that older adults may not receive ___ as sexual beings.
respect
Myths, ignorance, ___, and prejudice are injustices
toward older adults.
misconceptions
Subtle or blatant violations of respect to older adults’ __ __.
are common
sexual identity
Older adults are entitled to same dignity and respect as sexual beings that are afforded to persons to other ___.
ages
Stereotypical views toward sex in late life lead to safe sex issues being ___.
ignored
Menopause is an important __ in a woman’s life.
transition
Menopause:
- More than a ___ experience
- Awakening of __, __, and __.
- Physical beauty of youth versus inner beauty of __.
physiological
body, mind, and spirit
age
Effective management of physical aspects lead to a positive passage rather than __ detour of symptoms.
distressing
Symptoms related to estrogen loss and menopause:
- hot flashes
- fatigue
- new onset of migraines
- heart palpitations
- restless leg syndrome
- vaginal dryness, itching
- insomnia
The issues of risks and benefits for various women when they use hormone therapy have been ___ clear.
less
With hormone therapy, there was evidence that many women experienced higher __ risks.
heart
Additional research findings suggested that women who started HRT within 10 years of menopause appeared to have a ___ risk of heart attack and breast cancer, whereas women who began taking hormones 10 or more years past menopause had a significantly ___ risk of heart problems.
lower
higher
People who take estrogen alone have a __ risk than if estrogen and progestin are taken together.
lower
___ play key roles in guiding women through changes with menopause.
Nurses
Self acceptance helps women realize the significance of caring for and nurturing ___.
self
With self-acceptance, impossible expectations and pretense can be __ __, unleashing more meaningful and creative aspects of later life.
let go
Self-acceptance can provide the security to broaden their perspectives and purposes and deepen their ___ with others and a higher power.
connections
Testosterone levels decline in men
Andropause
Does andropause occur in all men?
No
Low testosterone levels in older men can result in what 4 things?
reduced muscle
mass, energy, strength, and stamina
What are some changes that andropause can lead to?
Erectile dysfunction, breast enlargement, osteopenia,
osteoporosis, and shrinkage of testes
One misconception about sex is that older adults are ___
not interested in nor capable of sex.
Nurses ned to promote understanding of older adults’ ___.
sexuality
Medical and nursing assessments lack inquiry of sexual history and
___.
activity
Health professionals lack ___ in discussing sex with any age group.
experience
General pattern of sexual behavior remains ___ throughout life.
consistent
Sexuality must be viewed in the context of individual’s __ __ experience.
total life
Nurses need to recognize and respect sex-specific __ of older adults identity.
roles
Sexuality encompasses more than just __ acts.
physical
Intimacy include __, __, caring, and __.
love, warmth, and sharing
Intimacy includes exchange of words and ___.
touch
Intimacy can include feeling __ and __ by another person.
important
wanted
Multiple __ have a significant effect on intimacy.
losses
Regular sexual expression for both sexes is important in promoting sexual capacity and ___.
function
Age-related changes do have impact on sexual ___.
function
__, __, and __ variables have impact on older adults’
ability to remain sexually active.
Physical, emotional, and social
Comprehensive nursing assessment includes sexual __.
history
Sensitivity to sexual function and identity promotes ___.
wellness
Lack of partner is particularly for ___.
women
By 65 years of age, there are how many men to women? By 85 years?
- 7 men to 10 women
- 1 man to 5 women
Most older ___ are married, and most older ___ are widowed.
Men, women
Aging persons need realistic explanations that occasional impotence is ___ nor ___.
neither unusual nor an indication that one is “too old for sex.”
Negative attitudes from society, fear of losing sexual abilities, concerns about body image, relationship issues, and misconceptions held by older adults themselves can impair __ __.
Sexual function
Some adults fear over the potential loss of ___ ___ permanently.
Sexual function
Commonly referred to as “impotence”
Erectile dysfunction
Erectile dysfunction can have multiple causes, including:
atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, multiple sclerosis, thyroid dysfunction, alcoholism, renal failure, structure abnormalities (e.g., Peyronie’s disease), medications, and psychological factors
Discomfort, interference with ejaculation
Prostatitis
What type of prostatectomy: Used for prostate cancer. May remove whole prostate. A SHORT CUT IS USED FOR SURGEON TO INSERT TOOLS.
Open- type
Inappropriate behavior, such as undressing and masturbating in public areas and grabbing and making sexual comments to strangers, can occur. They may accuse his or her spouse of being a stranger improperly trying to share the bed and may misunderstand care procedures for sexual advances. What disease is this associated with
Dementia
disease is related to the following symptoms: Painful, dorsal bending of penis from fibrous scarring associated with inflammatory process.
Peyronie’s
Andropause begins around the __ decade of life.
third
Difference of andropause and menopause besides gender?
Andropause does not occur in all men and when it does occur, it is a slower process.
When testosterone levels fall to low levels, the body increases the production of __ and __ in an effort to increase testosterone.
FSH and LH
Menopause occurs for most women around the ___ decade of life.
Fifth
__ occurs when estrogen levels fall and the reduced number of ovarian follicles lose their ability to respond to gonadotropic hormone stimulation.
Menopause
When the ovaries decline in function, most estrogen is obtained through the conversion of __ to ___ in the skin and adipose tissue.
Androstenedione to estrone
Before menopause, the main source of estrogen is __, which is produced by the ovaries
Estradiol
ET (estrogen therapy) carries lower risk and can be used for approximately __ years.
7
Estrogen can also be used to prevent ____
Osteoporosis
There is a tendency for men to marry ___ women.
younger
What are some psychological barriers for intimacy and the older adult?
- negative attitudes from society
- fear of losing sexual abilities
- concerns about body image
- relationship issues
- misconceptions by older adults
Nurses need to communicate and advocate for preserving sexual ___.
capabilities
Which disease most commonly causes erectile dysfunction in the
older adult population?
Diabetes
A chronic complication of diabetes is ___, which
can cause a decrease in innervation and thus erectile dysfunction.
neuropathy
___ can affect potency, libido, orgasm, and ejaculation.
Medications
Various ___ can affect sexual function.
medications
The nurse should evaluate medications when new __ __ occurs.
sexual dysfunction
Holding, caressing, and exchanging loving words as means for sexual ___.
satisfaction
__ is beneficial for males.
masturbation
