T3: Cognitive Functioning (Ch. 30)

Question 1

There is a fear of loss of normal ___

Answer 1

cognition

Question 2

There are __ that result from impaired cognition

Answer 2

losses

Question 3

With aging there is increased risk of :

2

Answer 3

delirium and dementia

Question 4

Which is reversible? Dementia or Delirium?

Answer 4

delirium is reversible

dementia is NOT

Question 5

Rapid & altered level of consciousness are signs of __

Answer 5

delirium

Question 6

Prompt treatment for delirium may reverse condition and prevent permanent ___

Answer 6

damage

Question 7

Interventions during the initial acute stage of delirium:

Answer 7

• Establishing medical stability
• Minimizing stimulation
• Maintain consistency in care
• Prevent harm to self & others
• Support and make realistic expectations

Question 8

T/F: Several coexisting factors can be responsible for delirium.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Dementia is __ and __.

Answer 9

irreversible and progressive

Question 10

For dementia, the __ in cognitive function affects memory, orientation, reasoning, attention, language, and problem solving.

Answer 10

impairment

Question 11

Dementia is caused by ___

Answer 11

Damage or injury to the brain

Question 12

4.5 million older adults are affected, 5% older adults

Answer 12

dementia

Question 13

Most common form of dementia

Answer 13

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 14

Changes in the brain with Alzheimer’s:

• __ __ containing beta-amyloid protein
• Neurofibrillary __ in the cortex
• Loss of degeneration of __ and __
• Changes in ___ systems

Answer 14

Neuritic plaques
tangles
neurons and synapses
neurotransmitter

Question 15

Possible causes of Alzheimer’s:

Answer 15

Genetics
Environmental factors
Chromosomal abnormalities
Free radicals
Levels of aluminum & mercury in brain
Slow-acting virus

Question 16

For Alzheimer’s, symptoms develop __ and progress at __ __ among individuals

Answer 16

gradually

different rates

Question 17

Staging for Alzheimer’s: What scale?

Answer 17

Global Deterioration Scale/Functional Assessment Staging (GDS/FAST)

Question 18

Treatment/management for Alzheimer’s?

Answer 18

No treatment or cure/prevention

Question 19

Alzheimers treatment: Clinical trials in place to improve function and ___

Answer 19

slow disease progression

Question 20

Alzheimers Treatment: Research on __-conflicting results

Answer 20

estrogen

Question 21

Alzheimers Treatment: Antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, folic acid, vitamins B6 to B12, and ___ therapy

Answer 21

gene

Question 22

Alzheimers Treatment: Medications that slow ___

Answer 22

acetylcholinesterase

Question 23

Rare disease with rapid onset and progression of disease to death

Answer 23

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Question 24

T/F: The onset of behavioral problems in a person with dementia indicates the need for medications to suppress the behavior problem identified.

Answer 24

false

Question 25

What are some CAM therapies (complimentary & alternative) for dementia?

Answer 25

• Nutritional supplements
• Vitamins (B6, B12, C, E, Folic -Acid, Zinc, & Selenium)
• Minerals
• Herbs -

Question 26

What are some therapeutic exercises for dementia?

Answer 26

Qigong (therapeutic breathing exercises to stimulate oxygenation to brain)

Question 27

Need to promote what 5 things in people with dementia?

Answer 27

Individuality 
Independence
Freedom
Dignity
Connection

Question 28

How to support the dementia patient’s family:

Answer 28

• Consideration of physical, emotional, and socioeconomic burdens of caregiving
• Review/educate basic care techniques
• Help prepare for feelings that may accompany the role of caregiver
• Community resources