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Module 204 MSK & Immune system > T2 L8 Anatomy of the hand > Flashcards

T2 L8 Anatomy of the hand Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 8 carpal bones?

A 
Unate
Triquetral / triquetrium
Pisiform
Hamate
Capitate
Trapezoid
Trapezium
Scaphoid
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2
Q

What is attached to the scaphoid bone?

A

Flexor retinaculum

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3
Q

What is attached to tubercle on trapezium bone?

A

Flexor retinaculum

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4
Q

Where is the radiocarpal joint?

A

Between radius / disc and first carpal row

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5
Q

What ligaments reinforce the radiocarpal joint and what do they do?

A

Ulnar and radial collateral ligaments limit abduction / adduction
Ligaments on palmar / dorsal surfaces limit extension / flexion

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6
Q

What are the movements of the radiocarpal joint?

A

Flexion / extension
Abduction / adduction
Circumduction

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7
Q

What are the joints in the hand?

A 
Radiocarpal
Midcarpal / intercarpal
Carpometacarpal
Metacarpophalangeal
Interphalangeal
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8
Q

Where is the carpometacarpal saddle joint?

A

Between trapezium and D1

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9
Q

What movement does the carpometacarpal saddle joint allow?

A

Extension / flexion
Abduction / adduction
Opposition / reposition

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10
Q

What movements do the metacarpophalangeal joints allow?

A

Flexion / extension

Abduction / adduction

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11
Q

What movements do the interphalangeal joints allow?

A

Flexion / extension

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12
Q

Describe palmar aponeurosis

A

Thickened deep fascia
Triangular
Continuous with palmaris longs or flexor retinaculum

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13
Q

What is the role of vinculae?

A

Attach tendons to phalanges

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14
Q

What are the long extensor tendons to digits 2-5?

A

Extensor digitorum
Extensor indicis
Extensor digiti minimi

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15
Q

What are the long extensor tendons to digit 1?

A

Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis longus

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16
Q

What are the lumbricals?

A

Long slender muscles across metacarpophalangeal joints

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17
Q

What are the origin, insertion, function and innervation of the lumbricals?

A

Origin: tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
Insertion: extensor hood
Function: link flexor to extensor tendons, extend interphalangeal joins, flex MCP joints, precision grip
Innervation: ulnar nerve for medial 2 and median nerve for lateral 2 muscles

18
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of palmar interossei?

A

Origin: metacarpals
Insertion: extensor hoods of D2, D4, D5
Function: adduct MCP joints relative to D3
Innervation: ulnar nerve

19
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of dorsal interossei?

A

Origin: metacarpals
Insertion: extensor hoods of D2, D3 (x2), D4
Function: abduct MCP joints relative to D3
Innervation: ulnar nerve

20
Q

What are the 3 thenar muscles?

A

Opponens pollicis
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis

21
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of opponens pollicis?

A

Origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium
Insertion: lateral margin of metacarpal of thumb
Function: opposes thumb
Innervation: median nerve

22
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Origin: flexor retinaculum, tubercle of scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion: lateral side of proximal phalanx of thumb
Function: abducts thumb
Innervation: median nerve

23
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of flexor pollicis brevis?

A

Origin: flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Function: flexes metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb
Innervation: median nerve

24
Q

What are the 3 hypothenar muscles?

A

Opponens digiti minimi
Abductor digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi

25
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of opponens digiti minimi?

A

Origin: flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate
Insertion: medial margin metacarpal V
Function: rotates metacarpal of digit 5 to produce opposition
Innervation: ulnar nerve

26
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of abductor digiti minimi?

A

Origin: pisiform and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of digit 5
Function: abduct digit 5
Innervation: ulnar nerve

27
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of flexor digiti minimi?

A

Origin: flexor retinaculum and hook of hamate
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of D5
Function: flex MCP of D5
Innervation: ulnar nerve

28
Q

What muscle adducts the thumb?

A

Adductor pollicis

29
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of adductor pollicis?

A

Origin:
- transverse head: metacarpal III
- oblique head: base of 2 and 3 metacarpal and carpal bones
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Function: adductor of thumb
Innervation: ulnar nerve

30
Q

What muscle does the radial artery lie under?

A

Brachioradialis

31
Q

What muscle does the ulnar artery lie under?

A

Flexor carpi ulnari

32
Q

What supplies digit 1 and half of digit 2?

A

Radial artery

33
Q

What supplies 1/2 digit 2, D3, D4 and D5?

A

Ulnar artery

34
Q

Where is the deep palmar arch?

A

Below long flexor tendons

35
Q

Where is the superficial palmar arch?

A

Above long flexor tendons

36
Q

What are the branches of the median nerve?

A

Recurrent branch

Digital nerve

37
Q

What does the recurrent nerve supply?

A

Thenar muscles

38
Q

What does the digital nerve supply?

A

Lateral 2 lumbricals

Sensory D1 to 1/2 D4

39
Q

What are the branches of the ulnar nerve?

A

Deep branch

Superficial branch

40
Q

What does the deep branch of the ulnar nerve supply?

A

Hypothenar muscles
Interossei
Medial 2 lumbricals
Adductor pollicis

41
Q

What does the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve supply?

A

Sensory 1/2 of digit 4, digits 5

Module 204 MSK & Immune system (44 decks)

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