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Module 204 MSK & Immune system > DR5 Gluteal region and thigh > Flashcards

DR5 Gluteal region and thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles make up the gluteal region?

A

Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Several short lateral rotators e.g. piriformis.

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2
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of gluteus Maximus?

A

Origin: ilium and sacrum
Insertion: gluteal tuberosity at back of femur and iliotibial tract
Function: Extension and lateral rotation

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3
Q

What is the iliotibial tract?

A

Thick fibrous band running down lateral side of thigh

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4
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of gluteus medium?

A

Origin: ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter
Function: abduction and medial rotation

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5
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of gluteus minimus?

A

Origin: ilium
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
Function: abduction, medial rotation

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6
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of piriformis?

A

Origin: sacrum
Insertion: greater trochanter
Function: lateral rotation of thigh at high joint

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7
Q

What nerve innervates gluteus Maximus?

A

Inferior gluteal

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8
Q

What does the superior gluteal nerve innervation?

A

Gluteus medius

Gluteus minimus

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9
Q

What are the muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

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10
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of biceps femoris?

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity (long head) and shaft of femur (short head)
Insertion: head of fibula
Function: flex at knee, extend hip, lateral rotation of hip and knee

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11
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of semitendinosus?

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: tibia
Function: flex at knee, extend at hip, medial rotation at hip and knee

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12
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of semimembranosus?

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: tibia
Function: flex at knee, extend at hip, medial rotation at hip and knee.

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13
Q

What supplies the hamstrings?

A

Tibial component of sciatic nerve

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14
Q

What are the superior boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

A

Semimembranosus and semitendinosus medially

Biceps femoris laterally

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15
Q

What are the inferior boundaries of the popliteal fossa?

A

2 heads of gastrocnemius

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16
Q

What does the short saphenous vein drain?

A

Lateral side of the foot

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17
Q

What does the saphenous vein merge with in the popliteal fossa?

A

Politeal vein

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18
Q

What is the hip joint?

A

Ball and socket joint between the head of the femur and acetabulum.

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19
Q

What are the movements of the thigh at the hip joint?

A 
Extension
Flexion
Abduction
Adduction
Lateral rotation
Medial rotation
20
Q

What is the primary function of the hip joint?

A

Weight bearing

21
Q

What groups of ligaments stabilise the hip joint?

A

Intracapsular

Extracapsular

22
Q

What ligaments make up the extracapsular ligaments?

A

Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

23
Q

What is the fascia lata?

A

Forms a sleeve around each muscle compartment. Extends from iliac crests and is continuous with deep fascia of leg.
Laterally it is thickened as iliotibial tract.

24
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Quadriceps femoris
Sartorius
Tensor fascia lata

25
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of tensor fascia lata?

A

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: iliotibial tract
Function: tightens the iliotibial tract to stabilise knee when standing

26
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of sartorius?

A

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: tibia
Function: flexion at hip and knee

27
Q

What 4 parts make up the quadriceps femoris muscle?

A

Rectus femoris
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis

28
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of rectus femoris?

A

Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion: patella
Function: knee extension, hip flexion

29
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of vastus intermedius?

A

Origin: femur
Insertion: patella
Function: extend knee

30
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of vastus medialis?

A

Origin: femur
Insertion: patella
Function: extend knee

31
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of vastus lateralis?

A

Origin: femur
Insertion: patella
Function: extend knee

32
Q

What does the patella ligament insert into?

A

Tibial tuberosity

33
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of iliopsoas?

A 
Origin:
 - iliac = iliac fossa
 - posts major = lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: lesser trochanter
Function: flex thigh at hip
34
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior compartment muscles and skin on the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve

35
Q

What muscles are in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A 
Pectineus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
36
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of pectineus?

A

Origin: pubis
Insertion: femur below lesser trochanter
Function: adduction and flexion at hip

37
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of adductor longus?

A

Origin: pubis
Insertion: linea aspera of femur
Function: adducts thigh

38
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of adductor brevis?

A

Origin: pubis
Insertion: linea aspera of femur
Function: adduct thigh

39
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of adductor magnus (adductor portion)

A

Origin: ischiopubic ramus
Insertion: whole length of line aspera
Function: adduct and flex thigh

40
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of adductor magnus (hamstring portion)?

A

Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: adductor tubercle of femur
Function: adduct and extend thigh

41
Q

What passes through the adductor hiatus?

A

Femoral artery and vein

42
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of gracilis?

A

Origin: pubis
Insertion: tibia
Function: adducts thigh at hip, flex leg at knee

43
Q

What nerve supplies the muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Oburator nerve (except for pectineus and hamstring portion of adductor magnus)

44
Q

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A

Superior border: inguinal ligament
Medial border: medial border of adductor longus
Lateral border: sartorius
Floor: iliopsoas, pectineus, adductor longus.

45
Q

What is contained in the femoral triangle?

A

Femoral nerve, artery and vein
Femoral canal
Femoral sheath

Module 204 MSK & Immune system (44 decks)

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