T2 L2 Nerve and blood supply to upper limbs

Question 1

What is the stem artery that supplies the upper limb?

Answer 1

Subclavian artery

Question 2

Where does the right subclavian artery come from?

Answer 2

Brachiocephalic trunk

Question 3

Where does the left subclavian artery come from?

Answer 3

Arch of aorta

Question 4

What divides the subclavian artery?

Answer 4

Scalenus anterior

Question 5

What are the 3 divisions of the subclavian in relation to the muscle?

Answer 5

1st part - medial to muscle
2nd part - behind muscle
3rd part - lateral to muscle

Question 6

Where does the dorsal scapular artery come from?

Answer 6

The 2nd or 3rd division of the subclavian artery

Question 7

Where does the thyrocervical trunk come from?

Answer 7

The 1st division of the subclavian artery

Question 8

When does the subclavian artery end and what does it become?

Answer 8

Ends as it crosses outer border of 1st rib to become axillary artery

Question 9

What divides the axillary artery?

Answer 9

Pectoralis minor

Question 10

When does the axillary artery end and what does it become?

Answer 10

Ends at lower border of teres major to become brachial artery

Question 11

What does the brachial artery supply?

Answer 11

Flexor

Question 12

What is the large branch of the brachial artery?

Answer 12

Profunda brachii artery

Question 13

Why is a fracture of the humerus significant?

Answer 13

It can cause trauma to profunda brachii artery

Question 14

Describe the path of the profunda brachii artery

Answer 14

Passes behind humerus to enter posterior compartment to supply extensor muscles

Question 15

Where does the brachial artery divide and into what?

Answer 15

Divides in cubital fossa into radial artery and ulnar artery

Question 16

What muscle covers the radial artery?

Answer 16

Brachioradialis muscle which comes from humerus and inserts into styloid process of radius

Question 17

Describe the path of the radial artery around the wrist

Answer 17

Through anatomical snuff box
Pierces first dorsal interosseous muscle
Deep palmar arch

Question 18

What muscle covers the ulnar artery?

Answer 18

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 19

Describe the main venous return

Answer 19

Into the axillary artery which drains into subclavian vein

Question 20

What are the 2 superficial veins?

Answer 20

Cephalic

Basilic

Question 21

What does the cephalic vein drain?

Answer 21

Lateral forearm

Question 22

What does the basilic vein drain?

Answer 22

Medial forearm

Question 23

What is the function of the median cubital vein?

Answer 23

Forms a bridge between cephalic and basilic vein at elbow

Drains forearm

Question 24

What are the roots forming the brachial plexus?

Answer 24

Ventral primary rami of C5 to T1

Question 25

What motor innervation does C5 have?

Answer 25

Shoulder abduction and adduction

Question 26

What motor innervation does C6 / C7 have?

Answer 26

Elbow flexion and extension

Question 27

What motor innervation does C7 / C8 have?

Answer 27

Wrist flexion and extension

Question 28

What motor innervation does C8 / T1 have?

Answer 28

Movement of digits

Question 29

What does each trunk of the brachial plexus divide into?

Answer 29

``` Anterior division (axons to flexor compartments) Posterior division (axons to extensor compartments) ```

Question 30

What cords does the anterior trunk form?

Answer 30

Lateral and medial cords

Question 31

What cords does the posterior trunk form?

Answer 31

Posterior cord

Question 32

What are the cords named in relation to?

Answer 32

Position in relation to axillary artery

Question 33

What does the lateral cord terminate as?

Answer 33

Musculocutaneous nerve | Lateral part of median nerve

Question 34

What does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?

Answer 34

Motor - flexor muscles of arm | Sensory - lateral forearm

Question 35

What does the median nerve supply?

Answer 35

Motor - anterior forearm and lateral hand | Sensory - lateral palm hand, D1, D2, D3 and half of D4

Question 36

What does the medial cord terminate as?

Answer 36

Medial part of median nerve | Ulnar nerve

Question 37

What does the ulnar nerve supply?

Answer 37

Motor - medial side of anterior forearm and hand | Sensory - medial hand, half of D4 and D5

Question 38

What does the posterior cord terminate as?

Answer 38

Radial nerve | Axillary nerve

Question 39

What does the radial nerve supply?

Answer 39

Motor - posterior arm and posterior forearm | Sensory - posterior arm, posterior forearm and lateral dorsum of hand

Question 40

What does the axillary nerve supply?

Answer 40

Motor - deltoid and teres major | Sensory - badge area f arm

Question 41

What is a dermatome?

Answer 41

Individual area of skin innervated by a single spinal nerve