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Module 204 MSK & Immune system > DR6 Knee and leg > Flashcards

DR6 Knee and leg Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of rectus femoris?

A

Origin: AIIS
Insertion: patella
Function: knee extension, hip flexion
Innervation: femoral nerve

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2
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of vastus lateralis?

A

Origin: femur
Insertion: lateral side patella
Function: extend knee
Innervation: femoral nerve

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3
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of vastus medalis?

A

Origin: femur
Insertion: medial side patella
Function: extend knee
Innervation: femoral nerve

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4
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of vastus intermedius?

A

Origin: femur
Insertion: lateral side patella and tibial condyle
Function: extend knee
Innervation: femoral nerve

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5
Q

What prevents lateral tracking of the patella during locomotion?

A

Oblique fibres of vastus medialis

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6
Q

Where does the patella ligament insert?

A

Into the tibial tubersoty

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7
Q

Describe the lateral collateral ligament

A

Cord-like ligament extending from lateral epicondyle of femur to head of fibula.
Covered by tendon of biceps femoris

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8
Q

Lateral collateral ligament forms a gap between the bone, what passes through here?

A

Popliteal muscle

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9
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of popliteus muscle?

A

Origin: lateral condyle femur
Insertion: tibia
Function: unlocks and flexes knee, assists in medial rotation of tibia
Innervation: tibial nerve

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10
Q

Describe the medial collateral ligament

A

Broad ligament from medial epicondyle of femur to medial surface of tibia.
Blends with capsule of knee joint and is attached to medial meniscus within joint.

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11
Q

Describe the anterior cruciate ligament

A

Attached to anterior of tibial plateau

Passes to inner aspect of lateral condyle of femur

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12
Q

Describe the posterior cruciate ligament

A

Attached to posterior of tibial plateau and passes to inner aspect of medial condyle of femur

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13
Q

How are the menisci attached to the tibia?

A

By their horns

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14
Q

What is the difference between the medial and lateral meniscus?

A

Lateral meniscus is more mobile and more circular than medial meniscus.

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15
Q

What are the tarsal bones?

A 
Talus
Calcaneus
Navicular
Cuboid
Cuneiforms
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16
Q

What is the ankle joint an articulation of?

A

Fibula
Tibia
Talus

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17
Q

What is the subtalar joint an articulation of?

A

The talus and calcaneus

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18
Q

What muscles form the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibial anterior
Extensor digitorum longus
Extensor hallucis longus

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19
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of tibial anterior?

A

Origin: Tibia
Insertion: medial cuneiform bone and 1st metatarsal
Function: dorsiflexion and inversion of foot
Innervation: deep fibular nerve

20
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of extensor digitorum longus?

A

Origin: tibia and fibula
Insertion: middle and distal phalanx of toe 2-5
Function: extend the toes
Innervation: deep fibular nerve

21
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Origin: fibula
Insertion: distal phalanx of great toe
Function: extend great toe, dorsiflex foot
Innervation: deep fibular nerve

22
Q

Describe the extensor retinaculum

A

Extends between maelloli as well as from medial malleolus to calcaneus and plantar fascia

23
Q

What muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

24
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of fibularis longus?

A

Origin: fibula
Insertion: medial cuneiform and 1st metatarsal
Function: eversion and plantarflexion of foot
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve

25
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of fibularis brevis?

A

Origin: fibula
Insertion: 5th metatarsal
Function: eversion foot
Innervation: superficial fibular nerve

26
Q

Describe the flexor retinaculum

A

Extends between lateral malleolus and calcaneus

27
Q

What does the common fibular nerve branch from?

A

Sciatic nerve

28
Q

What does the common fibular nerve branch into?

A

Superficial fibular nerve

Deep fibular nerve

29
Q

What does the deep fibular nerve supply?

A

Muscles of anterior compartment of leg

30
Q

What does the anterior tibial artery become as it enters the foot?

A

Dorsalis pedis artery

31
Q

What tendon does the dorsalis pedis artery sit lateral to?

A

Extensor hallucis longus

32
Q

What muscles does the superficial fibular nerve sit between?

A

Fibularis longus and braves

33
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris

34
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of gastrocnemius?

A

Origin: condyles of femur
Insertion: tendo calcaneus which inserts into calcaneus
Function: plantarflexion of foot, flexion at knee
Innervation: tibial nerve

35
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of soleus?

A

Origin: fibula and tibia
Insertion: tendo calcaneus
Function: plantarflexion
Innervation: tibial nerve

36
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of plantaris?

A

Origin: femur
Insertion: calcaneal tendon
Function: plantarflexion at foot, flexion at knee
Innervation: tibial nerve

37
Q

What are the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Popliteus
Flexor hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibialis posterior

38
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of flexor hallucis longus?

A

Origin: fibula
Insertion: distal phalanx great toe
Function: flex great toe
Innervation: tibial nerve

39
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of flexor digitorum longus?

A

Origin: tibia
Insertion: distal phalanx of toes 2-5
Function: flex lateral 4 toes
Innervation: tibial nerve

40
Q

What is the origin, insertion, function and innervation of tibialis posterior?

A

Origin: tibia and fibula
Insertion: navicular and medial cuneiform bones
Function: invert foot
Innervation: tibial nerve

41
Q

What are the contents of the tarsal tunnel from anterior to posterior?

A 
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Posterior tibial artery
Tibial nerve
Flexor hallucis longus
42
Q

Describe the path of the tibial nerve

A

Within popliteal fossa, descends behind 2 heads of gastrocnemius. Pierces tendinous arch of soleus then descends between superficial and deep calf muscles with posterior tibial artery towards tarsal tunnel.

43
Q

What does the tibial nerve divide into in the foot?

A

Medial and lateral plantar nerves

44
Q

What is the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Posterior tibial artery

45
Q

Describe the path of the great / long saphenous vein

A

From medial side of foot and ascends medial border of leg and thigh to pierce through femoral sheath via saphenous opening to drain. into femoral vein

46
Q

Describe the path of the small / short saphenous vein

A

From lateral side of the foot and ascends posterior of leg to pierce deep fascia to drain into popliteal vein in popliteal fossa.

Module 204 MSK & Immune system (44 decks)

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