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Module 204 MSK & Immune system > DR1: back and shoulder > Flashcards

DR1: back and shoulder Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the superficial muscles of the back?

A

Attach pectoral girdle to trunk

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2
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of the UPPER trapezius fibres?

A

Origin: external occipital protuberance of skull, spinous processes of cervical vertebrae
Insertion: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
Function: elevate scapula

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3
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of the MIDDLE trapezius fibres?

A

Origin: spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: spine of scapula
Function: retraction

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4
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of the LOWER trapezius fibres?

A

Origin: spinous processes of lower thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: spine of scapula
Function: depress scapula

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5
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of the rhomboids?

A

Origin: spinous process C7 and upper 5 thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: medial border scapula
Function: retract and elevate scapula

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6
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Origin: thoracolumbar fascia of back
Insertion: floor of inter tubercular sulcus of humerus
Function: adduction, medial rotation

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7
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of serratus anterior?

A

Origin: upper 8 ribs
Insertion: medial border scapula
Function: protraction of scapula

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8
Q

Where do the deep muscles sit?

A

Between spinous processes of vertebrae and angle of ribs

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9
Q

What is the largest group of the deep muscles?

A

Erector spinae

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10
Q

What are the 3 muscles that make up erector spinae?

A

Spinales
Longissimus
Iliocostalis

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11
Q

What is the origin and insertion of spinales?

A

Origin: erector spinae aponeurosis
Insertion: thoracic spinous processes and skull

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12
Q

What is the origin and insertion of longissimus?

A

Origin: Erector spinae aponeurosis
Insertion: Thoracic and cervical transverse processes

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13
Q

What is the origin and insertion of iliocostalis?

A

Origin: erector spinae aponeurosis
Insertion: ribs

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14
Q

What is the erector spinae aponeurosis?

A

A broad, thick tendon at the base of the back

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15
Q

Where does multifidus lie?

A

Under erector spinae

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16
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of the multifidus?

A

Origin: transverse processes
Insertion: spinous processes
Function: stabilises back and extends vertebral column

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17
Q

What makes up the pectoral girdle?

A

Scapula

Clavicle

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18
Q

What is the main function of the pectoral girdle?

A

Support upper limb

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19
Q

Where does the pectoral girdle articulate with the trunk?

A

At the sternoclavicular joint

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20
Q

What are the parts of the scapula?

A 
Acromion
Coracoid
Glenoid fossa
Suprascapular notch
Superior angle
Subscapular fossa
Supraspinous fossa
Spine
Infraspinous fossa
21
Q

What are the parts of the humerus?

A 
Anatomical neck
Surgical neck
Greater tubercle
Lesser tubercle
Bicipital groove
Deltoid tuberosity
Head of humerus
22
Q

Describe the glenohumeral joint

A

Shallow articulation between head of humerus and glenoid fossa of scapula
Synovial ball and socket joint

23
Q

What forms the quadrangular space?

A

Teres minor
Teres major
Shaft of humerus
Long head of triceps brachii

24
Q

What are the 3 parts of the axilla?

A

Apex (inlet)
Base
Walls

25
Q

What forms the apex of the axilla?

A

Anteriorly - clavicle
Medially - 1st rib
Posteriorly - superior border of scapula

26
Q

What forms the base of the axilla?

A

Skin

Subcutaneous tissue

27
Q

What forms the anterior wall of the axilla?

A

Pectoralis major

Pectoralis minor muscles

28
Q

What forms the posterior wall of the axilla?

A

Teres major
Latissimus dorsi
Subscapularis muscle

29
Q

What forms the medial wall of the axilla?

A

Serratus anterior muscle

30
Q

What forms the lateral wall of the axilla?

A

Shaft of humerus

31
Q

What is contained within the axilla?

A

Axillary artery and its branches
Axillary vein and its tributaries
Lymph vessels and nodes
Brachial plexus

32
Q

What forms the scalene triangle?

A

Anterior and middle scalene muscles and 1st rib

33
Q

When does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?

A

When it crosses teres major

34
Q

What divides the axillary artery into 3 parts?

A

Pectoralis minor

35
Q

Describe the path of the cephalic vein

A

Passes through deltopectoral groove to join axillary vein within axilla

36
Q

What are the terminal branches of the brachial plexus?

A

Musculocutaneous
Ulnar
Radial
Axillary

37
Q

What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles?

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis

38
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the supraspinatus muscle?

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: anterior facet on greater tubercle of humerus

39
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the infraspinatus muscle?

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa
Insertion: middle facet on greater tubercle of humerus

40
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the terms minor?

A

Origin: dorsal aspect of lateral border of scapula
Insertion: lowest facet on greater tubercle of humerus

41
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the subscapularis?

A

Origin: sub scapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus

42
Q

What are the positions of the rotator cuff in relation to the joint?

A

Superior is supraspinatus
Posterior is infraspinatus and teres minor
Anterior is subscapularis

43
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of the teres major muscle?

A

Origin: inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: medial lip of inter tubercular sulcus of humerus
Function: adduction, medial rotation

44
Q

What is the origin, insertion and function of the deltoid?

A

Origin: lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Function: abductor

45
Q

What is the fibrous joint capsule around the glenohumeral joint attached to?

A

Rim of glenoid fossa

Anatomical neck of humerus

46
Q

What does the coracoacromial ligament do?

A

Stabilises glenohumeral joint by forming an arch superiorly over the joint

47
Q

What do the glenohumeral ligaments do?

A

Stabilise the glenohumeral joint anteriorly

48
Q

What does the glenoid labrum do?

A

Deepens glenoid fossa to increase glenohumeral joint stabilisation

Module 204 MSK & Immune system (44 decks)

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