T. II Arthritis

Question 1

Psoriatic Arthritis

Answer 1

• A common benign, inflammatory skin disorder that appears to have a genetic predisposition
• inflammatory disease of the joints and where tendons and ligaments connect to bone
• PsA is now recognized as a progressive inflammatory disease that can cause significant disability.

Question 2

Reactive Arthritis (Reiter’s syndrome)

Answer 2

• joint pain and swelling triggered by an infection in another part of the body — most often the intestines, genitals or urinary tract.

Question 3

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Answer 3

• Chronic, multisystem inflammatory disease
• most common type of lupus
• the immune system attacks its own tissues, causing widespread inflammation and tissue damage in the affected organs
• affects many different organ systems in the body.

Question 4

Scleroderma

Answer 4

• aka systemic sclerosis
• a group of rare diseases that involve the hardening and tightening of the skin
• Connective tissue disorder

Question 5

CREST

Answer 5

• the limited cutaneous form of systemic sclerosis

C -Calcinosis
R - Raynaud’s Phenomenon
E - Esophageal Dysfunction
S - Sclerodactyly
T - Telangiectasia

Question 6

Raynauld’s Phenomenon

Answer 6

a problem that causes decreased blood flow to the finger

Question 7

Polymyositis (PM)

Answer 7

• diffuse idiopathic inflammatory myopathies of the connective tissues – especially striated muscle.
• Bilateral Weakness
• a disease that causes muscles to become irritated and inflamed.
• uscles eventually start to break down and become weak.

Question 8

Dermatomyositis (DM)

Answer 8

• a rare disease that causes muscle inflammation and skin rash
• when symptoms of PM are associated with skin changes

Question 9

Gottron papules

Answer 9

• flat-topped, erythematous to violaceous papules and plaques found over bony prominences
• violaceous hue located at the dorsal-lateral interphalangeal (IP) and/or metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints. When fully formed, these papules become slightly depressed at the center, showing a white atrophic appearance.

Question 10

Poikiloderma

Answer 10

a skin change with atrophy where hypopigmentation/hyperpigmentation changes and dilation of the fine blood vessels (telangiectasia) can be seen in the affected skin.

Question 11

Telangiectasias

Answer 11

spider veins”) are dilated or broken blood vessels located near the surface of the skin or mucous membranes

Question 12

Calcinosis cutis

Answer 12

he accumulation of calcium salt crystals in your skin.

Question 13

Sjogren’s Syndrome

Answer 13

• disorder of your immune system identified by its two most common symptoms — dry eyes and a dry mouth
• Autoimmune disease that targets moisture producing exocrine glands.
• Dryness in nose, throat, airways and skin

Question 14

Myofascial Pain Syndrome

Answer 14

• a chronic pain disorder.
• In this condition, pressure on sensitive points in your muscles (trigger points) causes pain in the muscle and sometimes in seemingly unrelated parts of your body.
• Characterized by musculo-skeletal pain and tenderness in one anatomical body region
• Pain is deep, aching, burning, stinging and stiffness.

Question 15

Fibromyalgia

Answer 15

• Widespread, nonarticular musculo-skeletal pain and fatigue, with multiple tender points
• a condition that causes pain all over the body (also referred to as widespread pain), sleep problems, fatigue, and often emotional and mental distress.
• Muscle biopsy may reveal a nonspecific moth-eaten appearance or fibre atrophy.

Question 16

Fibromyalgia if two criteria are met:

Answer 16

1. Pain is experienced in 11 of 18 tender points on palpation.
2. History of widespread pain is noted for at least 3 months.

Question 17

Systemic Exertion IntoleranceDisease (SEID)
Or
Myalgic encephalomyelitis / chronic fatigue syndrome

Answer 17

• people with this illness are not able to do their usual activities. Sometimes, they may be confined to bed.
• Characterized by debilitating fatigue and associated complaints
• Immune system abnormalities

Diagnosis based upon:

• • Profound fatigue lasting at least 6 months
• • Postexertional malaise: total exhaustion after even minor physical or mental exertion that clients sometimes describe as a “crash”
• • Unrefreshing sleep

Question 18

Bouchard’s node

Answer 18

located at the proximal interphalangeal joint (2nd knuckle). This deformity is commonly found in patients with OA.